牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠的提取及与鹅去氧胆酸钠的药理作用比较

以500 mL鸡胆汁为基本原料,采用沉淀、过滤、减压蒸馏、真空干燥、抽提、重结晶法,制得了7.2 g结合型的牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠(TCDCANa),以TLC及IR法确定其结构。并将其与鹅去氧胆酸钠(CDCANa)进行镇咳、平喘和祛痰作用对比实验。药理实验结果为:TCDCANa和CDCANa的镇咳作用减咳率分别为(29.1±5.6)%和(18.2±6.8)%;平喘作用解痉率分别为(79.9±22.8)%和(73.3±22.7)%,祛痰作用酚红排泌量分别为(1.601±0.391)μg/mL和(1.029±0.308)μg/mL,TCDCANa与CDCANa间存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。药理实验结果表明,TCDCANa具有明显的镇咳、平喘、祛痰和抗炎作用,其作用强于CDCANa。     

TCDCANa的合成及抗菌抗炎作用研究

以鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)和牛磺酸为基本原料合成了牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠(TCDCANa),以萃取和重结晶法提纯,收率63.4%,w(TCDCANa)≥92%,以TLC和IR法确定了其结构。并将牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠与鹅去氧胆酸钠(CDCANa)进行了抗菌、抗炎和镇咳对比实验。药效实验结果为:TCDCANa和CDCANa均具有抗革兰阳性菌作用(抑菌环直径分别为2.46±0.08cm和1.91±0.13cm),抗炎作用抑制率分别为(79.1±25.4)%和(71.2±23.1)%,镇咳作用减咳率分别为(29.1±5.6)%和(18.2±6.8)%,牛磺鹅去氧胆酸钠与鹅去氧胆酸钠间存在显著性差异。药效实验表明,TCDCANa具明显的镇咳、平喘和抗菌作用,其作用强于CDCANa。     

凝血因子制品中Tween-80残留量测定方法的研究

用比色法测定凝血因子类制品中Tween 80残留量。结果表明该方法重复性好。对FVIII、PCC和Fg 3种凝血因子制品中的Tween 80残留量重复测定 8次 ,结果分别为 7.3± 0 .986 μg ml(X±SD) ,CV =13.5 % ;35 .2± 2 .92 2 μg ml(X±SD) ,CV =8.3% ;2 1.6± 1.473μg ml(X±SD) ,CV % =6 .8。回收率 98%以上。     

靶向高迁移率族蛋白A1基因RNA干扰真核表达载体的构建

目的构建针对人高迁移率族蛋白A1(HMGA1)基因的RNA干扰真核表达载体,为研究HMGA1基因在肿瘤细胞中的作用奠定实验基础。方法设计合成特异性针对人HMGA1基因的寡核苷酸序列,梯度退火后,与pU6mRFP载体连接,构建重组载体,转染人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721。通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察红色荧光,估测转染效率,RT-PCR法检测转染细胞HMGA1mRNA水平,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期。结果DNA测序证实,成功构建了特异性HMGA1siRNA真核表达载体,转染后72h,转染效率为40%左右。所构建的载体能够特异性沉默转染细胞HMGA1基因的表达。转染细胞HMGA1基因沉默后,细胞凋亡率(27·86%±2·44%)明显高于空载体对照组和SMMC-7721对照组(分别为2·82%±2·39%和2·04%±0·70%),G0-G1期细胞百分数(77·73%±1·78%)明显高于空载体对照组和SMMC-7721对照组(分别为42·19%±3·28%和39·23%±3·63%),G2-S期细胞百分数(22·27%±1·78%)明显低于空载体对照组和SMMC-7721对照组(分别为57·81%±3·28%和60·77%±3·63%)。结论成功构建了HMGA1的RNA干扰真核表达载体。     

几种酰胺类除草剂毒力、药效及安全性评价

为探讨几种酰胺类除草剂在南方玉米田应用的可能 ,对 4种此类除草剂的毒力、药效及安全性作了全面的比较。室内小杯法毒力测定结果表明 ,4种除草剂毒力从大到小 (IC50 从小到大 )依次为 :乙草胺 (2 9 7770± 9 0 6 4 1μl/L) >甲草胺 (180 2 0 0 8± 2 5 8796 μl/L) >异丙甲草胺(194 2 374± 2 8 4 731μl/L) >丁草胺 (373 5 5 0 6± 17 80 79μl/L)。 4种药剂 4 5天鲜重防效 ,乙草胺为 73 75 %～ 85 31% (10 0、2 0 0和 30 0ml/6 6 7m2 ) ;甲草胺为 5 1 5 1%～ 77 10 % (15 0、30 0和 4 5 0ml/6 6 7m2 ) ;异丙甲草胺为 2 1 0 0 %～ 6 7 30 % (10 0、2 0 0和 30 0ml/6 6 7m2 ) ;丁草胺为 9 5 1%～35 4 1% (75、15 0和 30 0ml/6 6 7m2 )。对各处理玉米株高测量及统计结果表明 ,甲草胺 4 5 0ml/6 6 7m2和乙草胺 10 0、2 0 0ml/6 6 7m2 的玉米株高显著高于对照 ,丁草胺 30 0ml/6 6 7m2 的玉米株高显著低于对照 ,其余各处理玉米株高与对照的无显著差异。     

茶多酚及其氧化产物清除不同体系产生的活性氧自由基的分光光度法研究

用分光光度法测定了茶多酚及其氧化产物对不同体系产生的活性氧自由基O2· - 和·OH的清除作用。结果表明 :对由光照核黄素体系产生的O2· - ,在试验质量浓度范围 ( 8 3～ 1 67ug mL)内茶多酚及其氧化产物的最大清除率分别为 96 6%和 92 1 %。对由 2 脱氧 D 核糖体系产生的·OH ,在实验质量浓度范围 ( 5～ 80 0ug mL)内茶多酚及其氧化产物的最大清除率分别为83 4%和 88 5%。茶多酚氧化产物 ,SOD粗酶液 ,茶多酚对邻苯三酚自氧化产生的O2· - 均表现出较强的抑制作用 ,抑制率分别为 66 5% ,47 6% ,45 3%。茶多酚及其氧化产物与SOD有显著的协同增效作用 ,但氧化产物的效果强于茶多酚。     

用自动系统凯氏定氮仪测定生物制品中蛋白质含量

应用自动系统凯氏定氮仪测定人血白蛋白和人血丙种球蛋白的蛋白含量 ,重复性测定X % (n =10 )±SD分别为 2 0 45 %± 0 18%和 10 2 5 %± 0 12 % ;用硫酸铵、氨基乙酸和标准蛋白质控液作回收率试验R % (n =10 )±SD分别为 10 0 .2 4%± 0 5 7% ,99.89%± 0 43%和 10 0 5 0 %± 0 75 % ;用该法测定蛋白质含量与手工定氮法比较有良好相关性 ,总氮 (TN)相关系数r(n =2 6 )为 0 9999;非蛋白氮 (NPN)r(n =19)为 0 9946 ;蛋白氮 (PN)r(n =19)为 0 .9999。测定同批标准人血白蛋白 ,结果X % (n =2 0 )±SD为 5 5 3%± 0 14% ,与其参考标准值 5 5 4%± 0 12 %非常接近。因此 ,用该仪器法测定生物制品中的蛋白质含量准确可靠 ,且快速。     

吸附法处理石油污水中COD的实验研究(Ι)--吸附剂及吸附条件的选择

从 2 0余种对石油污水中COD类污染物具有吸附功能的物质中遴选出了蛭石、蛇纹石、膨润土 3种吸附剂。在装有粒度 0 .2 6mm的 10 0g吸附剂的=30mm ,H =6 0 0mm吸附柱上 ,控制污水流速为 2mL/min ,污水在吸附柱上停留时间 2h,对 10L (5 0± 5 )℃的中性 (pH =7.0± 0 .5 )石油污水中COD的降低效果是 :蛭石为 86 .8% ,蛇纹石为 81.5 % ,膨润土为 6 5 .1%。     

正交法在PTA生产中粒径控制上的应用

介绍了正交试验法在PTA生产中粒径控制上的应用。对第一、二结晶器采用L9( 34)正交表进行试验 ,选出最优操作方案为第一结晶器液位为 2 6 %、压力为 3 6 0 0kPa ,第二结晶器液位为 45 .5 % ,压力为 2 40 0kPa ,结果是 :平均粒径从原来的 ( 118± 10 ) μm控制到 ( 118± 8) μm左右 ,粒径小于 45 μm的从原来的 2 0 %下降到 15 %左右 ,粒径 2 5 0 μm以下的由 93 %上升到95 %左右     

芒果苷的研究进展

芒果苷(Mangiferin,MGF)是一种双苯吡酮类化合物,属于特殊的黄酮碳苷.针对MGF的提取分离方法、药理作用和结构修饰3方面进行了系统的综述,旨在为MGF进一步研究开发提供思路.MGF的提取分离方式主要包括酯提除杂法、闪式提取法、超声提取法、微博辅助提取法等;药理活性主要包括镇咳、祛痰、平喘、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌...     

拳参抗氧化活性研究

用清除二苯代苦味酰基（DPPH）自由基、2,2’-连氨-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二氨盐（ABTS）自由基和铁离子还原／抗氧化能力（FRAP）测定法对拳参体外总抗氧化活性进行评价．并与6-羟基-2,5,7,8-四甲基苯并二氢吡喃-2-羧酸（Trolox）及阳性对照二丁基羟基甲苯（BHT）比较。发现拳参有较好的体外抗氧化活性。甲醇提取物清除DPPH自由基（IC50=3．81μg／mL）的能力远远强于BHT的清除能力（IC50=18．71μg／mL）;清除ABTS自由基能力（IC50=7．65μg／mL）强于BHT（IC50=7．72μg／mL）的清除能力;还原Fe^3＋的能力（FRAP=2009．51±16．44μmol TE／g）最强,强于BHT（FRAP=1581．68±97．41μmol TE／g）。在3种提取物中,甲醇提取物具有最高的抗氧化能力,乙酸乙酯提取物次之。3种方法中,ABTS方法和FRAP方法相关性（R=0．984）最高。     

Wax Ester Rich Oil From The Marine Crustacean,Calanus finmarchicus,is a Bioavailable Source of EPA and DHA for Human Consumption

Oil from the marine copepod, Calanus finmarchicus, which contains >86 % of fatty acids present as wax esters, is a novel source of n‐3 fatty acids for human consumption. In a randomized, two‐period crossover study, 18 healthy adults consumed 8 capsules providing 4 g of Calanus^® Oil supplying a total of 260 mg EPA and 156 mg DHA primarily as wax esters, or 1 capsule of Lovaza^® providing 465 mg EPA and 375 mg DHA as ethyl esters, each with an EPA‐ and DHA‐free breakfast. Plasma EPA and DHA were measured over a 72 h period (t = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h). The positive incremental area under the curve over the 72 h test period (iAUC_{0‐72 h}) for both EPA and DHA was significantly different from zero (p < 0.0001) in both test conditions, with similar findings for the iAUC_{0–24 h} and iAUC_{0–48 h}, indicating the fatty acids were absorbed. There was no difference in the plasma iAUC_{0–72 h} for EPA + DHA, or DHA individually, in response to Calanus Oil vs the ethyl ester condition; however, the iAUC_{0–48 h} and iAUC_{0–72 h} for plasma EPA in response to Calanus Oil were both significantly increased relative to the ethyl ester condition (iAUC_{0–48 h}: 381 ± 31 vs 259 ± 39 μg*h/mL, p = 0.026; iAUC_{0‐72 h}: 514 ± 47 vs 313 ± 49 μg*h/mL, p = 0.009). These data demonstrate a novel wax ester rich marine oil is a suitable alternative source of EPA and DHA for human consumption.     

A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量HPLC检测方法的验证及应用

目的验证A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量的检测方法。方法采用色谱柱XBridge Amide(4. 6 mm×150 cm,3. 5μm),流动相为乙腈、水、三乙胺(75∶25∶0. 1)的混合液,流速为1 mL/min,柱温为40℃,示差检测器温度为40℃,进样量为50μL。同时验证该方法的系统适用性、特异性、线性范围、精密度、稳定性、准确度及定量限。采用该方法对3个厂家生产的30批A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量进行检测。结果乳糖对照品色谱峰的理论塔板数为8 123,与其他色谱峰的分离度> 1. 5;乳糖对照品及供试品溶液图谱于相应保留时间处可见乳糖峰,阴性对照溶液未见该色谱峰;乳糖浓度在0. 050 03~0. 650 4 mg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为Y=3. 484 3×10^5X-7. 378 4×10^2,R^2=0. 999 97。批号为Y201409089-1、Y201501002和201410050的3批供试品溶液分别测定6次结果的RSD分别为0. 71%、1. 01%和1. 69%;分别于12个时间点测定结果的RSD分别为0. 25%、0. 38%和0. 58%;乳糖回收率分别为101. 67%、101. 93%、99. 43%,RSD分别为1. 37%、1. 20%、1. 37%。乳糖定量限为0. 4μg。30批A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量为8. 29~11. 05 mg/mL。结论该方法具有良好的精密度、稳定性及准确度,可作为A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖的检测方法。     

Separation,Identification, Antioxidant,and Anti-Tumor Activities of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extracts

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) belongs to the malvaceae family. Its calyx is used for making jellies, jams, and beverages. Despite it usefulness, there are few or no studies on the purification and structural identification of HAs and Roselle extracts. This paper therefore seeks to investigate the purification and structural identification of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extracts, and to evaluate their antioxidant activities on DPPH and ABTS and anti-tumor activities on human cervical cancer HeLa cells of purified fractions. Two fractions (fraction 1 and fraction 2) from Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extracts were purified with C-18 Sep-Pak cartridge, followed by Sephadex LH-20 column and characterized by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The contents of the anthocyanins in fraction 1 and fraction 2 were 863.41 mg/g and 617.35 mg/g, respectively. Nine compounds were identified with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, seven of which have not been reported before in Roselle. Two fractions and HAs-rich extracts purified with C-18 Sep-Pak cartridge showed high capacity on radicals scavenging and HeLa cells inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. The orders of both activities were: fraction 1 > fraction 2 > HAs-rich extracts. IC₅₀ values of fraction 1 on DPPH and ABTS radicals were 17.14 ± 2.24 μg/mL and 85.91 ± 6.72 μg/mL, respectively. The cell inhibition ratio of fraction 1 against HeLa cells reached 83.67 ± 3.07% at the concentration of 200 μg/mL. Two fractions and HAs-rich extracts could be a good supplements for natural antioxidant and anti-tumor activities.     

人中性粒细胞载脂蛋白快速定量ELISA检测方法的建立

目的建立人中性粒细胞载脂蛋白(HNL)快速定量ELISA检测方法,并进行验证及初步应用。方法以兔抗人HNL多克隆抗体为包被抗体,HRP标记的HNL单克隆抗体为检测抗体,采用双抗体夹心模式,建立快速、一步定量检测HNL的ELISA方法,并进行验证及初步应用。结果最佳包被抗体工作浓度为1μg/ml,检测抗体的最佳稀释度为1∶1000,标准品浓度在0.1～10μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r>0.98。经验证,该方法的灵敏度可达0.103μg/L;检测7.2、3.6和0.9μg/L浓度的HNL标准品,试验内变异系数分别为5.6%、6.8%和9.8%,试验间变异系数分别为5.7%、6.9%和10.5%;不同浓度的平均回收率为102.04%;抑制试验表明特异性较强;健全性分析表明,样品稀释倍数对该方法无影响;8d连续检测表明稳定性良好。用建立的方法检测30份健康成人血清的HNL含量为(90.73±30.12)μg/L。结论已建立了HNL快速定量ELISA检测方法,该方法简便、快速、稳定,适合临床常规检测。     

粗旦五叶形有光PA6 FDY的生产工艺探讨

采用相对粘度2．85±0．03的国产高速纺有光PA6切片为原料,在普通PA6纤维生产设备基础上,改油嘴上油为双油轮上油,喷丝板直径由80 mm改为100 mm,喷丝孔为五叶形,纺丝组件压力大于等于15 MPa;纺丝温度(275±1)℃,侧吹风速度0．68 m／s,热定型温度(170±1)℃,网络空气压力(0．35±0．01) MPa。生产的233 dtex／18 f粗旦五叶形有光PA6 FDY质量优良,其断裂强度4．0 cN／dtex,断裂伸长率43.5％,条干不匀率2．13％,染色均匀度大于等于4.0级。     

Effects of chemical and thermochemical pretreatments on sunflower oil cake in biochemical methane potential assays

BACKGROUND: The effects of chemical and thermochemical pretreatments on the composition and anaerobic biodegradability of sunflower oil cake were studied to compare these pretreatments and to assess their effectiveness. Four reagents (lime, sodium hydroxide, sulphuric acid, and sodium bicarbonate) at concentrations of 25% (w/w) of dry weight of substrate and 20 g L^?1 substrate concentration were used for the chemical pretreatment for 4 h. The same conditions were used for thermochemical pretreatment with heating at 75°C. After the pretreatments, the solid and liquid fractions were separated and subjected to biochemical methane potential tests. RESULTS: The methane yields of the solid fraction obtained with lime, sodium hydroxide, sulphuric acid and bicarbonate were 130±9, 54±4, 61±6 and 88±7 mL CH₄ g^‐1COD_added, respectively, and after thermochemical pretreatment were 26±2, 84±7, 74±7, and 77±6 mL CH₄ g^‐1COD_added, respectively. The methane yields for liquids were 152±13, 2±0, 0±0, 249±19 mL CH₄ g^‐1COD_added, for the chemical pre‐treatment, respectively, and after the thermochemical pretreatment were 273±13, 58±5, 0±0 and 145±12 mL CH₄ g^‐1COD_added, respectively. CONCLUSION: Only the solid fraction obtained after the chemical pretreatment with lime gave a methane yield higher (130 mL CH₄ g^‐1COD_added) than the obtained for the untreated solid material (114 mL CH₄ g^‐1COD_add). No thermochemical pretreatment enhanced the methane yield of the solid or liquid fractions of the untreated material. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of different reactor types on Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae culture for lipids and fatty acid production

Greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuels cause global warming. One option is obtaining biodiesel. Nannochloropsis oculata was cultured under different light intensities and reactors at 25°C for 21 days with f/2 medium to assess their effects on cell density, lipid, and fatty acids (FAs). N. oculata improved cell density on fed-batch glass tubular reactor (7 L) at 200 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹, yielding 3.5 × 10⁸ cells ml⁻¹, followed by fed-batch Erlenmeyer flask (1 L) at 650 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹ with 1.7 × 10⁸ cells ml⁻¹. The highest total lipid contents (% g lipid × g dry biomass⁻¹) were 44.4 ± 0.8% for the reactor (1 L) at 650 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹ and 35.2 ± 0.2% for the tubular reactor (7 L) at 200 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹, until twice as high compared with the control culture (Erlenmeyer flask 1 L, 80 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹) with 21.2 ± 1%. Comparing the total lipid content at 200 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹, tubular reactor (7 L) and reactor 1 L achieved 35.2 ± 0.2% and 28.3 ± 1%, respectively, indicating the effect of shape reactor. The FAs were affected by high light intensity, decreasing SFAs to 2.5%, and increased monounsaturated fatty acids + polyunsaturated fatty acids to 2.5%. PUFAs (20:5n-3) and (20:4n-3) were affected by reactor shape, decreasing by half in the tubular reactor. In the best culture, fed-batch tubular reactor (7 L) at 200 μmol E m⁻² s⁻¹ contains major FAs (16:0; 38.06 ± 0.16%), (16:1n-7; 30.74 ± 0.58%), and (18:1n-9; 17.15 ± 0.91%).