固溶时效对铸造Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-2Nb钛合金组织和性能的影响

研究了固溶时效制度对铸造Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-2Nb钛合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,适当的热处理制度可以明显提高合金的室温及高温强度,但是塑性略有下降。Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-2Nb铸造钛合金组织以集束状的片状α相为主,热处理后α集束的尺寸得到细化。采用915℃×2 h+空冷+590℃×4 h+空冷的热处理制度可以得到较理想的显微组织和良好的室温及高温综合力学性能。     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O     

硬脂酸法制备TiO2-SnO2纳米粉

采用硬脂酸法分别制备了SnO2纳米粉体及TiO2-SnO2混合纳米粉,并应用XRD和TEM等分析方法对所得粉体进行了表征.结果显示,采用硬脂酸法制备了粒径约18nm的SnO2纳米粉体和粒径约5-15nm的TiO2-SnO2纳米粉体.     

Gd2O2S-HoCu2复合磁性蓄冷材料的制备研究

采用粉末冶金方法首次制备了Gd2O2S-HoCu2金属-陶瓷复合性蓄冷材料。结果表明，将Gd2O2S与HoCu2两种磁性蓄冷材料粉末按照一定比例混合，经球磨处理后压制成块，在氩气保护气氛下1100℃保温30min进行真空烧结，可制备成Gd2O2S-HoCu2金属-陶瓷复合磁性蓄冷材料，新型的金属-陶瓷复合磁性蓄冷材料由GOS与HoCu2两相构成，其比热性能良好，作为3～10K温区附近的蓄冷材料使用非常具有实用价值。     

Ti(acac)2Cl2/AlEt2Cl(或AlEt2Cl-ZnCl2)催化剂催化丙烯腈聚合反应

研究了Ti(acac)2Cl2／AlEt2Cl催化丙烯腈聚合反应,分析了加入第三组分ZnCl2对聚合反应的影响,用^13C—NMR对聚合产物进行了表征,并探讨了聚合反应机理。结果表明,随着聚合温度的提高和聚合反应时间的增加,单体转化率增大,聚丙烯腈的分子量提高。当体系中n(AN)／n(Cat)超过一定量时,则得不到高聚物。体系中加入ZnCl2能明显提高单体转化率和产物分子量,并且产物的三单元规整结构含量明显增加。     

Ti/SnO_2 Sb_2O_3 MnO_2/PbO_2阳极的性能研究

制备了一种非贵金属阳极－Ｔｉ／ＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３＋ＭｎＯ２／ＰｂＯ２,并用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ进行了表征,计算出了电极的分形维数,测定了该电极在硫酸中的使用寿命和动力学参数,把该电极用于处理含酚废水和Ｐｂ电极进行对比．结果表明,节电３３％,转化率达９５％,是一种优良的电化学催化剂．     

Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-SnO2系统的分相与析晶

对Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-SnO2四元系统的分相与析晶进行了探讨．通过对不同组成点在热处理、化学处理各阶段的试样进行能谱分析、XRD分析及SEM分析，确认了SnO2分布在分相结构中的富硼碱相中；在该系统中SnO2晶体的析出有赖于分相过程；分相结构尺度限制了SnO2的析晶尺寸．试验结果表明，通过控制分相结构得到了负载于多孔富硅载体的纳米尺寸的SnO2材料．该材料具有较高的CO氧化催化活性．     

共沉淀法制备ZrO2-Al2O3-CeO2的煅烧反应过程及物相表征

以氨水为沉淀剂，采用共沉淀法按一定比例分别制备了ZrO2-Al2O3-CeO2、ZrO2-Al2O3-CeO2、ZrO2-Al2O3-CeO2等4种前驱复合粉体。利用差热-热重分析（DTA/TG）和X射线衍射（XRD）对4种粉体的热转变过程以及不同温度煅烧后的物相组成进行了对比分析，研究了ZrO2-Al2O3-CeO2复合粉体间在煅烧过程中的化学反应及相互影响。结果表明：CeO2与ZrO2优先形成固溶体，CeO2与Al2O3直到1300℃也未发生任何反应；Al2O3的存在明显提高了c-（Ce，Zr）O2的结晶温度，1300℃退火后t-（Ce，Zr）O2仍能保留到室温。     

Switching between Crystallization from the Glassy and the Undercooled Liquid Phase in Phase Change Material Ge2Sb2Te5

Controlling crystallization kinetics is key to overcome the temperature–time dilemma in phase change materials employed for data storage. While the amorphous phase must be preserved for more than 10 years at slightly above room temperature to ensure data integrity, it has to crystallize on a timescale of several nanoseconds following a moderate temperature increase to near 2/3 T_m to compete with other memory devices such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Here, a calorimetric demonstration that this striking variation in kinetics involves crystallization occurring either from the glassy or from the undercooled liquid state is provided. Measurements of crystallization kinetics of Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ with heating rates spanning over six orders of magnitude reveal a fourfold decrease in Kissinger activation energy for crystallization upon the glass transition. This enables rapid crystallization above the glass transition temperature T_g. Moreover, highly unusual for glass‐forming systems, crystallization at conventional heating rates is observed more than 50 °C below T_g, where the atomic mobility should be vanishingly small.     

SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-K2O-(F,Cr2O3)玻璃陶瓷的析晶

为了研究形核剂氟化物、氧化铬及其复合作用对SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-K2O系玻璃陶瓷形核和析晶的影响,采用高温熔融法制备了不同氟化物和氧化铬含量的基础玻璃,并对该基础玻璃进行了差热分析、显微分析和X射线衍射分析.结果表明:在所研究的玻璃体系中,氟化物或氧化铬的加入,都不同程度地削弱了玻璃体的结构,降低了玻璃的转变温度;当基础玻璃只含有氟化物时,玻璃在表面析出云母晶体,内部发生分相现象,而玻璃中仅含有氧化铬时,玻璃中发生整体析晶;没有氟化物的存在,不能析出云母晶体;当同时加入两种元素的物质后,对玻璃体析晶的影响不是简单的加合,复合的作用更为突出,进一步降低了玻璃的转变温度和析晶温度,整体均匀析出云母晶体.     

Thickness dependence of the amorphous-cubic and cubic-hexagonal phase transition temperatures of GeSbTe thin films on silicon nitride

The crystallization temperature of GeSbTe thin films with thicknesses between 11 and 87 nm on silicon nitride was studied through resistance versus temperature measurements. The amorphous-cubic phase transition occurs at ~ 150 °C for all films thicknesses, whereas the cubic-hexagonal phase transition temperature increases with film thickness, from ~ 200 °C for the 20 nm film to ~ 250 °C for the 87 nm film. The cubic-hexagonal transition occurs gradually for the 11 nm film. Implications for phase-change memory devices are discussed.     

离子液体对聚合物相转变影响的研究进展

离子液体除了是许多聚合物的良溶剂外,对聚合物的相转变也有一定的影响。综述了国内外关于离子液体对聚合物相转变影响的研究现状,包括玻璃化转变、结晶、凝胶等。离子液体对许多聚合物表现出增塑作用,显著降低了聚合物的玻璃化转变温度,甚至熔点。另外,离子液体能够促进蛋白质等聚合物结晶结构的形成。在离子液体作用下,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的立构混合物形成了可逆性热凝胶。     

超重力熔铸Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃的晶化行为研究

研究了以超重力熔铸方法制备的Y₂O₃-Al₂O₃-SiO₂玻璃的晶化行为, 并结合相图分析了热处理条件对晶化过程的影响规律。实验结果表明, Y₂O₃-Al₂O₃-SiO₂玻璃的晶化行为与热处理温度和SiO₂含量密切相关。当热处理温度为1050℃时, 晶化后样品的相组成沿超重力场方向呈现出梯度分布, 自上而下分别为Al₆Si₂O₁₃玻璃陶瓷、纯玻璃相、χ-Al₂O₃玻璃陶瓷。当退火温度为1100℃时, 析出晶相主要为Y₃Al₅O₁₂及Y₂Si₂O₇; 退火温度为1200℃时主要析出Y₃Al₅O₁₂。因此, 以超重力熔铸法制备YAS玻璃结合后续热处理的工艺, 提供了一种快速制备YAS基微晶玻璃的新方法。     

Preparation and crystallization of Ti53Cu27Ni12Zr3Al7Si3B1 bulk metallic glass with wide supercooled liquid region

Ti-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloy with the composition of Ti₅₃Cu₂₇Ni₁₂Zr₃Al₇Si₃B₁ was prepared by copper molder casting method and ribbon sample was prepared by melt spinning to compare. The thermal instability of this glass phase was examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The results revealed that the supercooled liquid region (ΔT_x), glass transition temperature (T_g) and reduced glass transition temperature (T_g/T_m) of the glassy alloy are detected to be 69, 685 and 0.62 K, respectively. The crystallization behavior of the Ti-based glass phase was also investigated by annealing the glass phase at series temperatures above T_g. The annealed microstructures were examined by means of X-ray diffraction experiments. The crystallization process of the BMG can be characterized by metastable crystalline phases at the first crystallization step and further transition to stable crystalline phases at high temperature through metastable crystalline phase.     

含磷零膨胀LAS透明微晶玻璃的相转变动力学的研究

以零膨胀Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2透明微晶玻璃为研究对象,采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究无磷和含磷玻璃的析晶动力学和玻璃转变动力学行为.结果发现,引入少量的磷化物使得玻璃的析晶峰温度和玻璃转变温度降低,玻璃的析晶活化能和玻璃转变活化能增大,晶体生长指数n减小,使玻璃网络结构重排困难.     

Non-isothermal kinetic studies for binary TeO2-P2O5 glass system

A study of TeO₂–P₂O₅ glass system has been carried out by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) to elucidate the kinetics of crystallization for these glassy samples. The results of DTA performed at different heating rates are discussed. The values of the glass transition temperature, T _g , as well as the glass crystallization temperature, T _c , are found to be dependent upon the heating rate. From this dependence, the values of activation energy for both the glass transition and crystallization are evaluated and discussed     

Fe_(63)Ni_1Al_5Ga_2P_(9.65)B_(4.6)Si_3C_(6.75)Co_5非晶合金的晶化行为研究

采用XRD、DSC检测技术,采用连续升温晶化和等温退火晶化方法,研究分析了Fe63Ni1Al5-Ga2P9.65B4.6Si3C6.75Co5非晶薄带的晶化动力学行为和晶化过程中晶化相的析出过程。结果表明,该非晶合金的玻璃转变和晶化行为均具有显著的动力学特征。Kissinger法计算得到的Eg、Ex、Ep1、Ep2分别为750、340、432、689kJ/mol,Eg Ex,表明合金具有较好的热稳定性。合金晶化过程为:非晶→非晶+α-Fe→非晶+α-Fe+Fe2P+Fe3P→α-Fe+Fe2P+Fe3P+Fe3C(Al,Si)+Fe5PB2+SiC。合金的晶化类型为初晶型和随后的共晶型反应。