火电厂智能化远程管理云平台系统设计

为优化火力发电的生产,解决传统服务器在存储和挖掘大数据能力上的不足,该文采用云存储和云计算技术,将爆发式增长的火电机组生产数据存储在云端,通过对云端数据库的访问,搭建在线的火电厂远程管理平台,对生产数据进行远程监督和规范化存储。智能化云平台系统通过果蝇算法优化的广义回归神经网络(FOA-GRNN),设计一种锅炉热效率实时软测量模型。通过实验验证,云平台相比于传统服务器,在保证预测精度的前提下,有着更加高效的数据处理能力。     

Development of the Swedish bridge management system by introducing a LMS concept

The Swedish Road Administration (SRA) has developed an information technology (IT) based bridge and tunnel management system (BaTMan) that is widely implemented by the organisation. The system is a tool for operational, tactical and strategic management. However, this system does not include systems and tools for managing optimisation and long-term planning of␣Maintenance, Repair and Rehabilitation (MR&R) actions due to service life performance aspects. This paper discusses the need of service life performance analysis for sound optimisation and long-term planning of MR&R actions in the bridge management. The paper presents a service life performance analysis model that is based on a Markov chain model and the MEDIC method. The model is developed to manage different kinds of degradation characteristic and yet present a uniform result expressed in conditional probabilities. The paper discusses also the need of systems and tools for describing objects on both an overall level and on a component level.     

The management of mechanical integrity inspections at small-sized “Seveso” facilities

The mechanical integrity (MI) of equipment has been controlled at all industrial facilities for many decades. Control methods and intervals are regulated by laws or codes and best practices. In European countries, the legislations implementing the Seveso Directives on the control of major accident hazards require the owner of establishments where hazardous chemicals are handled, to implement a safety management system (SMS). MI controls should be an integral part of the SMS. At large establishments this goal is achieved by adopting the RBI method, but in small-sized establishments with a limited budget and scanty personnel, a heuristic approach is more suitable. This paper demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of integrating SMS and MI by means of a simple method that includes a few basic concepts of RBI without additional costs for operator. This method, supported by a software tool, is resilient as it functions effectively in spite of eventual budget reductions and personnel turnover. The results of MI controls can also be exploited to monitor equipment condition and demonstrate the adequacy of technical systems to the Competent Authorities (CA). Furthermore, the SMS can “capture” knowledge resulting from MI experience and exploit it for a better understanding of risk.     

Framework for implementation of maintenance management in distribution network service providers

Distribution network service providers (DNSP) are companies dealing with network infrastructure, such as distribution of gas, water, electricity or telecommunications, and they require the development of special maintenance management (MM) capabilities in order to satisfy the needs of their customers. In this sector, maintenance management information systems are essential to ensure control, gain knowledge and improve decision making. The aim of this paper is the study of specific characteristics of maintenance in these types of companies. We will investigate existing standards and best management practices with the scope of defining a suitable ad-hoc framework for implementation of maintenance management. The conclusion of the work supports the proposition of a framework consisting on a processes framework based on a structure of systems, integrated for continuous improvement of maintenance activities. The paper offers a very practical approach to the problem, as a result of more of 10 years of professional experience within this sector, and specially focused to network maintenance.     

一个新的重组酶系统在转基因植物外源基因删除中的应用

为了解决转基因植物可能带来的生物安全性问题,设计了一个新的位点特异性重组酶系统pLFHFGN,该系统中重组酶FLP基因由热激蛋白Hsp18．2基因的启动子控制,所有外源基因(包括重组酶基因nP、GUS报告基因和NPTI筛选标记基因)都置于两个融合识别位点loxFRT之间。将上述重组酶系统通过根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)介导转化烟草,获得的再生植株分别通过GUS组织染色和PCR分析等方法进行鉴定。然后在37℃下热激处理转基因植株,利用GUS组织染色检测重组酶系统在转基因植株T1代幼苗中删除外源基因的效率,结果显示,该系统删除效率达到了48．2％-84．9％,说明通过重组酶系统pLFHFGN能够有效地删除转基因植物中的外源基因,这为解决转基因植物潜在的安全性问题提供了一条新的途径。     

论述变电设备状态检修体系研究

对状态检修的维修技术应用研究、管理保障体系、状态检修标准化体系、状态检修指标评价体系、设备状态监视以及维修辅助决策平台研究和开发等各项内容,提出了分析及解决策略。     

An expert system for network management control

Abstract

Due to the varying time and the complexity of the commercial telecommunication network configuration, routing of the communication traffic becomes very important for telecommunication systems. No one can keep in mind all the complex routing plans used in networks, so it is hard to quickly take proper actions while the switching node is being blocked.

In this paper, we propose an expert system which can collect traffic data, monitor network status, reason and take appropriate actions for extreme traffic congestion on a network just as a network management expert can do. It would certainly streamline the whole network control procedure, and. provide dynamic routing functions based on the original static routing method adopted in Taiwan. It does improve both network efficiency and network reliability.     

Life-assessment technology for fossil power plants

During the last decade, construction of new fossil power plants has come to a virtual halt in the United States. The main factors responsible for this situation are: (1) industry perception of the existence of sufficient reserve margins, (2) uncertainty in forecasting load growth, (3) cost of borrowing for new plant construction, (4) siting and licensing problems for new plants, and (5) the applicability of more stringent environmental standards for new plants. Unfortunately, by the year 2000 it is estimated that nearly 20% of all the fossil units will be more than 40 years old, and almost 44% will be more than 30 years old. Based on historical trends, nearly half of all fossil plants have been retired before their fortieth year and three quarters before serving 50 years. In the future this trend is unlikely because of the shrinking reserve margins and the long lead time for new capacity addition. If the life of these aging plants can be extended by 20–30 years, utilities can have a viable low-cost alternative to building new plants while at the same time circumventing some of the regulatory, siting and licensing constraints. In view of this, plant life extension has become an integral part of the planning strategy for many US utilities. A critical component of the Electric Power Research Institute’s (EPRI) efforts in formulating life extension strategies for fossil power plants is the development of techniques to assess the current condition of high-temperature components. These techniques are necessary not only for assessment of the remaining life, but also for avoiding catastrophic failures and forced outages, for setting up inspection intervals and for optimizing the operating procedures. The components that are being addressed at present are boiler pressure parts, steam pipes and steam turbine rotors. This paper will provide a brief overview of current concerns and areas of research where significant progress has been made to address these concerns from a phenomenological point of view.     

A proposal for including technical failure risk in market-based resource reallocation for spacecraft design

This paper summarizes past efforts to use market-based approaches to reallocate resources during the design of space systems, and it proposes an extension to these previous efforts that would include the risk of system failure as a tradable resource. The proposed approach builds from the Cassini Resource Exchange, a method used to allow instrument developers for the Cassini space mission to trade resources among themselves over the life of the project. Market-based design methods offer potential for increased efficiency in engineering design, and small-scale field trials would be a logical step in further testing and improving these approaches.     

成组生产管理系统

根据成组技术的生产特点和6502厂的生产经营条件,本文阐述了6502厂成组生产管理系统的构成,行运和功能,提出了若干实施成组技术的生产管理思想。     

Construction management and technical innovation of the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway

1 Project overviewThe Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway(HSR)repre-sents a major national strategic transportation project in China that is characterized by the largest-scale one-time investment in the country.     

Toward large-area targets for “TRAKULA”

TRAKULA (Transmutationsrelevante kernphysikalische Untersuchungen langlebiger Aktinide, i.e., nuclear physical investigations of long-lived actinides with relevance to transmutation) is a joint research project of the German Federal Ministry of Science and Education (BMBF) on nuclear physics investigations with modern scientific, technological and numerical methods. Experiments concerning the transmutation of radioactive waste are a central topic of the project. For this, large-area samples (≥40 cm²) of ^235,238U and ^239,242Pu compounds are required for the calibration of fission chambers and for fission yield measurements. Another topic within the project requires large-area targets for precise measurements of the half-life, t_1/2, of very long-lived α-particle emitters like ¹⁴⁴Nd (t_1/2≈2×10¹⁵ y). Here, we report on electrodeposition tests with Gd and Nd (used as chemical homologs of the actinides), which were performed to find optimal deposition conditions for small-area targets that should be applicable to future large-area targets.The layers were produced by molecular plating. A new stirring technique, ultrasonic stirring, was adopted and found to be suitable for producing large-area targets. Moreover, two different current densities (namely 0.7 and 1.4 mA/cm²) were studied and found appropriate for target preparation. Characterization of the layers with different analytical techniques played a major role in these studies to gain a deeper understanding of the deposition process itself: neutron activation analysis and γ-spectroscopy were used for yield measurements, radiographic imaging for homogeneity studies, scanning electron microscopy for morphology studies, and atomic force microscopy for roughness studies. According to the obtained results, a new electrochemical cell for the production of large-area targets was designed.     

Risk management of power portfolios and valuation of flexibility

Risk management by applying operational flexibility is becoming a key issue for production companies. This paper discusses how a power portfolio can be hedged through its own production assets. In particular we model operational flexibility of a hydro pump storage plant and show how to dispatch it to hedge against adverse movements in the portfolio. Moreover, we present how volume risk, which is not hedgeable with standard contracts from power exchanges, can be managed by an intelligent dispatch policy. Despite the incompleteness of the market we quantify the value of this operational flexibility in the framework of coherent risk measures.

我国爆破行业安全管理标准体系构建

为全面构建我国爆破行业安全管理标准体系,提高爆破行业标准化建设的科学性、前瞻性和系统性,从而进一步规范爆破作业行为,提升爆破安全管理水平。针对爆破技术发展及行业标准化现状,探讨了标准体系构建对行业技术发展及安全管理的意义。结合爆破行业业务分类,并按照标准体系的构建原则,设计了爆破行业安全管理标准体系结构图,定义了标准体系编号规则,进而构建了爆破行业安全管理标准体系,可为爆破行业标准体系构建提供参考。     

Plant functional modelling as a basis for assessing the impact of management on plant safety

A major objective of the present work is to provide means for representing a chemical process plant as a socio-technical system, so as to allow hazard identification at a high level in order to identify major targets for safety development. The main phases of the methodology are: (1) preparation of a plant functional model where a set of plant functions describes coherently hardware, software, operations, work organization and other safety related aspects. The basic principle is that any aspect of the plant can be represented by an object based upon an Intent and associated with each Intent are Methods, by which the Intent is realized, and Constraints, which limit the Intent. (2) Plant level hazard identification based on keywords/checklists and the functional model. (3) Development of incident scenarios and selection of hazardous situation with different safety characteristics. (4) Evaluation of the impact of management on plant safety through interviews. (5) Identification of safety critical ways of action in the management system, i.e. identification of possible error- and violation-producing conditions.     

Towards building an intelligent decision support system for project management

Management of large projects, especially the ones in which a major component of R&D is involved and those requiring knowledge from diverse specialised and sophisticated fields, may be classified as semi-structured problems. In these problems, there is some knowledge about the nature of the work involved, but there are also uncertainties associated with emerging technologies. In order to draw up a plan and schedule of activities of such a large and complex project, the project manager is faced with a host of complex decisions that he has to take, such as, when to start an activity, for how long the activity is likely to continue, etc. An Intelligent Decision Support System (IDSS) which aids the manager in decision making and drawing up a feasible schedule of activities while taking into consideration the constraints of resources and time, will have a considerable impact on the efficient management of the project. This report discusses the design of an IDSS that helps in project planning phase through the scheduling phase. The IDSS uses a new project scheduling tool, the Project Influence Graph (PIG).     

“System-of-systems” approach for interdependent critical infrastructures

The study of the interdependencies within critical infrastructures (CI) is a growing field of research as the importance of potential failure propagation among infrastructures may lead to cascades affecting all supply networks. New powerful methods are required to model and describe such “systems-of-systems” (SoS) as a whole. An overall model is required to provide security and reliability assessment taking into account various kinds of threats and failures. A significant challenge associated with this model may be to create “what-if” scenarios for the analysis of interdependencies. In this paper the interdependencies between industrial control systems (ICS), in particular SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), and the underlying critical infrastructures to address the vulnerabilities related to the coupling of these systems are analyzed. The modeling alternatives for system-of-systems, integrated versus coupled models, are discussed. An integrated model contains detailed low level models of (sub)systems as well as a high level model, covering all hierarchical levels. On the other hand, a coupled model aggregates different simulated outputs of the low level models as inputs at a higher level. Strengths and weaknesses of both approaches are analyzed and a model architecture for SCADA and the “system under control” are proposed. Furthermore, the HLA simulation standard is introduced and discussed in this paper as a promising approach to represent interdependencies between infrastructures. To demonstrate the capabilities of the HLA standard for the interdependencies study, an exemplary application and some first results are also briefly presented in this paper.     

A Methodology for Developing Maintenance Policy for Automated Manufacturing Plants

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多层建筑中庭防排烟系统设计

介绍了某多层建筑(商场)中庭防排烟系统的设计，认为此类建筑的中庭应当设置防排烟设施，并有必要对其设置依据、方法、排烟量计算等相关问题开展深入的研究和讨论，制订出相应的规范条文。     

Scale development of safety management system evaluation for the airline industry

The airline industry relies on the implementation of Safety Management System (SMS) to integrate safety policies and augment safety performance at both organizational and individual levels. Although there are various degrees of SMS implementation in practice, a comprehensive scale measuring the essential dimensions of SMS is still lacking. This paper thus aims to develop an SMS measurement scale from the perspective of aviation experts and airline managers to evaluate the performance of company's safety management system, by adopting Schwab's (1980) three-stage scale development procedure. The results reveal a five-factor structure consisting of 23 items. The five factors include documentation and commands, safety promotion and training, executive management commitment, emergency preparedness and response plan and safety management policy. The implications of this SMS evaluation scale for practitioners and future research are discussed.