扇调管输出环形腔的研究

扇调管是在偏调管基础上发展起来的一种高效率微波管。它的导流系数比偏调管的高,有可能工作于较低的束电压。相应地,它的输出腔则采用有双脊截面的环形腔。本文采用近似方法对这种环形腔进行了分析,详细介绍了它的设计及优化方法。最后,给出了模型腔的测试结果。它与理论计算基本吻合。     

Ka波段无栅式反射速调管的粒子模拟与重入式谐振腔冷测研究

本文设计了一种简单结构的反射速调管。为了克服谐振腔互作用间隙栅网带来的加工、散热问题,该反射速调管采用无栅互作用间隙并对Ka波段无栅反射速调管进行了仿真、实验研究,研究了不同参数(反射电压、发射电流、发射电压)对反射速调管输出信号的影响,加工了Ka波段无栅反射速调管重入式谐振腔并对其进行了冷测,测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

双束高亮度高分辨率投影管

一种新型双束投影管已开发成功,它具有这些优点：在分辨率相同时,其亮度几乎是传统投影管的两倍,换句话说,在亮度相同时,分辨率比传统投影管高的多,并且能够减少由于过载导致的对荧光屏的损伤。所有这些优点都是由于在扫描期间,由双重电子束轰击每个角素两次的结果。本文研究的新技术：一项是为了消除电子光学系统中的象散,在静电聚焦Ｐ－ＣＲＴ双束投影管中采用的新设计方案。另一项是为了使驱动两子束的两个图象信号同步,     

束流传输理论在电子束管中的应用

束流传输理论是在电子光学的基础上发展起来的一门学科,它主要用于高能粒子束的输运。最近几年来,随着带电粒子加速器的发展,束流传输理论亦得到了迅速的发展,并获得了许多有意义的结论,且这些结果在电子束管中亦有一定的应用价值,也可以讲,束流传输理论是电子光学的进一步发展与完善,因而,可以预期把束流传输理论用于电子束器件中,必将促使电子束器件的理论与设计进一步发展。本文在讨论束流传输理论的主要论点之后,主要讨论将此理论用于电子束管的若干问题。     

28 GHz低速度离散回旋管电子枪三维电磁设计

磁控注入电子枪可以产生具有角向旋转速度分量的电子束,是回旋管的核心部件之一,其性能优劣直接决定了整管的系统性能。本文首先分析了两种典型的磁控注入电子枪结构,根据28 GHz回旋管互作用腔束-波互作用工作需求,设计了一种双阳极结构的电子枪。三维粒子仿真设计结果表明,在阴极电压40 kV、调制阳极电压18.2 kV、电流3.2 A的条件下,引导中心半径为3.2 mm,横纵速度比为1.5,横向速度离散达到了1.06%。与此同时,所设计的电子枪具有较大的工作区间,在横纵速度比为1.9时,横纵速度比离散依旧能够达到不高于5%的要求。     

无磁不锈钢在电子束管中的应用

一、剩磁对电子束的影响电子束管的电子光学系统是由若干个金属电极组成的。管子工作时在这些电极上加以规定的电压,由此形成了特定的静电场,电场作用的结果使电子束按照既定的轨迹运动,从而在萤光屏上实现亮点的聚焦和偏转。传统的电子束管(示波管)的电子光学系统结构如图1所示。黑白及彩色显象管的聚焦透镜原则上与其相同。     

一种新型显示器件——电子束管平板

本文对荷兰飞利浦公司研制的新型显示器件──电子束管平板作了较为全面的介绍，并比较了这种显示器件与电子束管、有源矩阵液晶显示和等离子体显示板等的性能。     

电子束管加速寿命试验小结

一、试验情况简介进行长寿命电子束管的研试工作,需要有一个快速确定电子束管寿命试验的方法,使能迅速获得研试的结论,这是容易理解的。我们试图以上海钢研所的~#7404镍钨钙,代替原来的硅镍作为电子束管阴极端面的基金属,希望能及早了解其寿命情况,特参考了《电子管的加速寿命试验方法》(北京电子管厂)、《常应力加速寿命试验》(中国科学院数学研究所)、     

迴旋管和相对论性器件在苏联的新发展

本文介绍了迴旋管和相对论性器件在苏联的发展趋势和目前达到的水平。文中较详细地介绍了相对论性速调管、切伦柯夫振荡器、偏调管和迴旋管等目前达到的新水平以及它们的应用     

PUT管在小家电中应用

PUT管即可程控单结晶体管的简称,它是一种PNPN结构四层三端负阻器件。其符号及等效电路如图1所示。其典型产品型号为ZN6027,其外型及引脚如图2所示。从其等效原理电路中可以看出,在其阳极A和阴极K之间,及栅极G和阴极K之间接正向偏压时,如果阴极电位U_A低于栅极电位U_G,则A～G间P_1N_1结反偏,PUT管AK之间不能导通。当阳极电位高于栅极电位时,P_1N_2结正偏,PUT管的A～K之间导通并出现负阻现象,因此改变PUT管栅极控制电压可以调节其阳极峰点电压,等效于调节单结晶体管的分压比,故称之为程控单结管。利用其工作特性可以在小家电中构成振荡电路或开关控制电路,以下是其典型应用两例。     

Secmotron—A new kind of high efficient micro wave tube

Secmotron (sector beam deflection modulation tube) is a new kind of high efficient microwave tube which is developed on the basis of gyrocon, The principle of gyrocon has been analyzed and it manifests that to increase circuit efficiency is necessary for improving the properties of gyrocon. One of the key points is to increase its perveance. An idea about sector beam is proposed to reduce the effect of space charge. Also the concept and construction of transforming a column beam to a thin sector beam are presented. The numerical calculation of some specific structure demonstrates that the above idea is realizable. This project is supported by NSFC     

SECMOTRON A NEW KIND OF HIGH EFFICIENT MICROWAVE TUBE

Secmotron(sector beam deflection modulation tube)is a new kind of high efficientmicrowave tube which is developed on the basis of gyrocon,The principle of gyrocon has beenanalyzed and it manifests that to increase circuit efficiency is necessary for improving the proper-ties of gyrocon.One of the key points is to increase its perveance.An idea about sector beam isproposed to reduce the effect of space charge.Also the concept and construction of transforminga column beam to a thin sector beam are presented.The numerical calculation of some specificstructure demonstrates that the above idea is realizable.     

一种实波束扫描雷达回波建模方法

提出一种实波束扫描雷达前视成像回波建模方法。使用实波束扫描实现雷达平台正前视区域二维高分辨成像。根据雷达波束掠过成像扇区的时间先后关系,将成像扇区方位向回波数据表征为天线主瓣波束采样序列与目标反射率分布函数沿成像扇区方位向采样序列之间卷积的形式。最后,通过仿真数据验证了本建模方法的有效性。     

铜蒸气激光器的热设计

本文系统阐述了铜蒸气激光器的设计过程.在大量实验资料的基础上,给出了激光器放电管尺寸、输入功率密度的选择原则,通过分析放电管内气体温度分布、激光管径向热导损耗,建立了一套确定保温层厚度的方法.分析了光束"黑心"的原因,进而提出了解决途径.以上的设计思想在我们新近研制5W器件上得到验证.     

Small-signal analysis of the helitron oscillator

In this paper, a small-signal analysis of a microwave oscillator discussed by Watkins and Wada¹is presented. This tube, the helitron, has an electron beam describing the trajectory of a helix between two concentric cylinders. Interaction is with a TEM mode supported on the inner cylinder, and the beam is focused by having a potential difference between the cylinders. This has been termed anE-type tube. TheE-type tube had originally been conceived as a device for exchanging electron potential energy of an electrostatically focused beam for RF energy. In this manner, one would expect to obtain the high efficiencies associated with anM-type tube, without requiring a magnetic field. Watkins and Wada presented experimental results in their paper, and they indicated that the theory that had been developed did not predict the observed behavior. In particular, it was stated that if the propagation constants were those of anM-type tube, the measured starting current would be one-fiftieth of the theoretical starting current. The small-signal analysis of theE-type tube developed in the main body of this paper has yielded two interesting results: 1) The electrons bunch along the direction of rotation, and lose kinetic energy. In this sense theE-type tube behaves similar to theO-type oscillator. Electron motion transverse to the dc path, which is important in theM-type tube, is not important forE-type operation. 2) Space charge forces tend to increase the bunching along the direction of rotation. This results in a negative value for the space-charge parameter, and an attendant reduction in starting current. Growing waves can exist on an electron beam that is electrostatically focused between two conducting cylinders, even without the presence of a circuit field. In this sense theE-type oscillator is similar to theM-type tube.     

Effect of electron lenses on beam noise

Some types or electron guns used to form the beam of a low-noise beam type microwave amplifier (e.g. traveling-wave tube) impress sharp potential discontinuities or velocity jumps on this beam. These discontinuities produce strong electrostatic lenses. This paper presents a theory supported by experimental results, showing that the effect of such lenses is to increase the beam noise. Further, axial magnetic fields are shown to reduce this undesirable effect.     

Effects of high-velocity secondary electrons in traveling-wave tubes

The presence of a beam of high-speed secondary electrons in a traveling-wave tube affects the amplification and cross-modulation characteristics of the tube. When primary electrons strike the collector electrode, secondary electrons are produced. The high-speed secondary electrons have a velocity approximately equal to the primary electrons and can form a reverse beam which serves as a feedback mechanism within the traveling-wave tube. Coupling of the signal to the reverse beam and the influence of the reverse beam on the forward amplification system are investigated. The principal effects of this secondary beam are that a second-order fluctuation is superimposed on the usual variation of gain as the helix voltage is varied, and that the cross-modulation characteristics of the tube are materially altered, with the possible production of "negative" cross modulation. Experimental results demonstrate the existence of these effects and indicate that they are absent when the secondary beam is eliminated.     

E波段折叠矩形槽波导行波管的研究

分析了一种适用于E波段81~86 GHz空间行波管的新型慢波结构——折叠矩形槽波导.折叠矩形槽波导来源于传统的矩形槽波导,将E面沿其纵向来回弯曲而形成.利用电磁场仿真软件Ansoft HFSS设计优化并最终确定了E波段折叠矩形槽波导的关键几何尺寸.同时,模拟仿真出了折叠矩形槽波导在中心频率f=83.5 GHz处的耦合阻抗沿x和y方向上的变化趋势,得出其可通过加载带状电子注获得更高的平均耦合阻抗.利用CST粒子工作室模拟得出:折叠矩形槽波导行波管在中心频点83.5 GHz处输出功率为210 W,电子效率达到8.05%.