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1.
Y. Kang Y. Rong J. C. Yang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2003,21(10-11):827-835
Computer-aided fixture design (CAFD) techniques have been advanced rapidly so that fixture configurations can be generated automatically, for both modular fixtures and dedicated fixtures. Computer-aided fixture design verification (CAFDV) is the technique for verifying and improving existing fixture designs. In this paper, the framework of CAFDV is introduced based on two models, i.e., geometric and kinematic models. The fixturing tolerance and stability verification will be presented in separate papers. 相似文献
2.
J.J.-X. Liu D.R. Strong 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2003,21(6):426-437
This paper presents a fixture configuration verification methodology for nonlinear fixture systems, which is developed on
the basis of optimal clamping forces and total restraint. This method can be applied for validating the feasibility of a fixture
with point, line and area contacts in two stages: fixturing and machining. The "∞-∞-∞" principle for nonlinear fixture location
is proposed. The automatic fixture verification system is modelled as a nonlinear optimisation problem with respect to minimum
clamping forces. The method provides a simple and effective means for: (a) verifying whether a particular fixturing configuration
is valid with respect to locating stability, deterministic workpiece location, clamping stability and total restraint and
(b) determining minimum variable clamping forces over the entire machining time. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate
the effectiveness and the capabilities of the methodology.
ID="A1"Correspondance and offprint requests to: Prof. D. R. Strong, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba,
Canada R3T 5V6. E-mail: strong@ms.umanitoba.ca 相似文献
3.
Y. Kang Y. Rong J. C. Yang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2003,21(10-11):836-841
Tolerance analysis is the most important issue in computer-aided fixture design (CAFD), and it is an important part of computer-aided fixture design verification (CAFDV). This study presents a new approach for fixture tolerance analysis that is more generalised and can be used to assign locator tolerances based on machining surface tolerance requirements. The tolerance analysis is also generalised to handle any type of fixture design, workpiece, datum feature, and machining feature tolerance. Locator tolerance assignment distributes tolerances to locators based on a sensitivity analysis. 相似文献
4.
S. Selvakumar K. P. Arulshri K. P. Padmanaban K. S. K. Sasikumar 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2013,65(9-12):1573-1586
In machining fixtures, minimizing workpiece deformation due to clamping and cutting forces is essential to maintain the machining accuracy. This can be achieved by selecting the optimal location of fixturing elements such as locators and clamps. Many researches in the past decades described more efficient algorithms for fixture layout optimization. In this paper, artificial neural networks (ANN)-based algorithm with design of experiments (DOE) is proposed to design an optimum fixture layout in order to reduce the maximum elastic deformation of the workpiece caused by the clamping and machining forces acting on the workpiece while machining. Finite element method (FEM) is used to find out the maximum deformation of the workpiece for various fixture layouts. ANN is used as an optimization tool to find the optimal location of the locators and clamps. To train the ANN, sufficient sets of input and output are fed to the ANN system. The input includes the position of the locators and clamps. The output includes the maximum deformation of the workpiece for the corresponding fixture layout under the machining condition. In the testing phase, the ANN results are compared with the FEM results. After the testing process, the trained ANN is used to predict the maximum deformation for the possible fixture layouts. DOE is introduced as another optimization tool to find the solution region for all design variables to minimum deformation of the work piece. The maximum deformations of all possible fixture layouts within the solution region are predicted by ANN. Finally, the layout which shows the minimum deformation is selected as optimal fixture layout. 相似文献
5.
James N. Asante 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2008,39(5-6):578-588
Contact forces between workpiece and fixture define fixture stability during clamping and influence workpiece accuracy during machining. In particular, forces acting in the contact region are important for understanding deformation of the workpiece at the contact region. This paper presents a model that combines contact elasticity with finite element methods to predict the contact load and pressure distribution at the contact region in a workpiece-fixture system. The objective is to determine how much clamp forces can be applied to generate adequate contact forces to keep the workpiece in position during machining. The model is able to predict the normal and tangential contact forces as well as the pressure distribution at each workpiece-fixture contact in the fixturing system. Model prediction is shown to be in good agreement with known industry practice on clamp force determination. The presented method has no limits on the types of materials that can be analyzed. 相似文献
6.
Development of a finite element analysis tool for fixture design integrity verification and optimisation 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Nicholas Amaral Joseph J. Rencis Yiming Rong 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2005,25(5-6):409-419
Machining fixtures are used to locate and constrain a workpiece during a machining operation. To ensure that the workpiece is manufactured according to specified dimensions and tolerances, it must be appropriately located and clamped. Minimising workpiece and fixture tooling deflections due to clamping and cutting forces in machining is critical to machining accuracy. An ideal fixture design maximises locating accuracy and workpiece stability, while minimising displacements.The purpose of this research is to develop a method for modelling workpiece boundary conditions and applied loads during a machining process, analyse modular fixture tool contact area deformation and optimise support locations, using finite element analysis (FEA). The workpiece boundary conditions are defined by locators and clamps. The locators are placed in a 3-2-1 fixture configuration, constraining all degrees of freedom of the workpiece and are modelled using linear spring-gap elements. The clamps are modelled as point loads. The workpiece is loaded to model cutting forces during drilling and milling machining operations. Fixture design integrity is verified. ANSYS parametric design language code is used to develop an algorithm to automatically optimise fixture support and clamp locations, and clamping forces, to minimise workpiece deformation, subsequently increasing machining accuracy. By implementing FEA in a computer-aided-fixture-design environment, unnecessary and uneconomical “trial and error” experimentation on the shop floor is eliminated. 相似文献
7.
B. Li S. N. Melkote 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2001,18(10):701-707
This paper presents a fixture layout and clamping force optimal synthesis approach that accounts for workpiece dynamics during
machining. The dynamic model is based on the Newton– Euler equations of motion, with each fixture–workpiece contact modelled
as an elastic half-space subjected to distributed nor-mal and tangential loads. The fixture design objective in this paper
is to minimise the maximum positional error at the machining point during machining. An iterative fixture layout and clamping
force optimisation algorithm that yields the "best" improvement in the objective function value is presented. Simulation results
show that the proposed optimis-ation approach produces significant improvement in the work-piece location accuracy. Additionally,
the method is found to be insensitive to the initial fixture layout and clamping forces. 相似文献
8.
夹具布局和夹紧力大小影响切削变形的大小和分布.基于遗传算法和有限元方法,提出一种夹具布局和夹紧力优化设计方法.该方法将同步优化夹具布局和夹紧力大小以及施加变夹紧力相结合,首先以加工变形最小化和变形分布最均匀为目标同步优化夹具布局和夹紧力大小,然后在优化后的夹具布局的基础上求解使得加工变形最小的变夹紧力大小.使用该方法进行底座薄壁零件的夹具优化设计,结果表明优化得到的设计优于经验设计和多目标优化方法,该方法有效地降低了加工过程中工件的变形,提高变形均匀度. 相似文献
9.
W. Ma Z. Lei Dr Y. Rong 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》1998,14(1):21-32
This paper presents a computer-aided modular fixture configuration design system: FIX-DES. When fixturing requirements are specified as locating/clamping surfaces and points, a fixture configuration will be automatically generated by
- Selecting fixture elements from a fixture element database to form fixture units based on fixture element assembly relationships.
- Placing the fixture units and elements into position on a baseplate while the fixturing requirements and assembly relationships (e.g. hole alignments) are maintained.
10.
B. Li S.N. Melkote 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2001,17(2):104-113
Workpiece motion arising from localised elastic deformation at fixture-workpiece contacts owing to clamping and machining
forces is known to affect significantly the workpiece location accuracy and, hence, the final part quality. This effect can
be minimised through fixture design optimisation. The clamping force is a critical design variable that can be optimised to
reduce the workpiece motion. This paper presents a new method for determining the optimun clamping forces for a multiple clamp
fixture subjected to quasu-static machining forces. The method uses elastic contact mechanics models to represent the fixture-workpiece
contact and involves the formulation and solution of a multi-objective constrained oprimisation model. The impact of clamping
force optimisation on workpiece location accuracy is analysed through examples involving a 3-2-1 type milling fixture. 相似文献
11.
在夹具设计过程中,工件-夹具之间的接触力是工件稳定性分析和加工精度估算的关键因素.为此,根据多重夹紧力对工件的作用过程,建立了接触力与多重夹紧力的大小、作用点以及夹紧顺序之间的接触力模型.基于总余能原理,提出了接触力模型的求解算法.最后通过典型实例,详细说明了接触力的分析预测过程. 相似文献
12.
Fixtures are tooling devices used to locate, support and hold workpieces during a manufacturing process. The major purpose
of a computer-aided fixture design (CAFD) system is to provide a fixture design based on fixturing principles and workpiece
information. Interference checking between the machining tool and fixture units, as well as between fixture units, is one
of the important functions of automated fixture design. This paper presents a fast interference checking algorithm for automated
modular fixture design validation. It is based on the study of the geometric characteristics of modular fixture components
and the machining tool. The fixture component model is simplified into a 2D contour model with height information. The tool-path
model is represented by a moving dot for 3-axis operations, or a moving line segment in 5-axis operations, as the fixture
component model is different from the popular collision detection procedure using swept volume and is more efficient for fixturing
verification. Application of this method will greatly reduce the computation complexity for fixturing interference checking.
The method is implemented with a CAFD system. An example is given at the end of the paper. 相似文献
13.
B. Li S. N. Melkote S. Y. Liang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2000,16(2):79-84
This paper presents a model for analysing the reaction forces and moments for machining fixtures with large contact areas,
e.g. a mechanical vice. Such fixtures transmit torsional loads in addition to normal and tangential loads and thus differ
from fixtures using point or line contacts. The model is developed using a contact mechanics approach where the workpiece
is assumed to be elastic in the contact region and the fixture element is treated as rigid. Closed-form contact compliance
solutions for normal, tangential, and torsional loads are used to derive the elastic deformation model for each contact. A
minimum energy principle is used to solve the multiple contact problem yielding unique predictions of the fixture–workpiece
contact forces and moments due to clamping and machining forces. This model is then used to determine the minimum clamping
force necessary to keep the workpiece in static equilibrium during machining. An example is given to demonstrate its effectiveness
in analysing the clamping performance of a mechanical vice during machining. 相似文献
14.
15.
基于遗传算法的夹具布局和夹紧力同步优化 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
夹具设计是机械加工中一个重要步骤。夹具优化旨在得到最合理的夹具布局和夹紧力。为了弥补分步优化夹具布局和夹紧力以及应用传统优化算法而存在的不足,本文提出了应用遗传算法同步优化夹具布局和夹紧力的方法。使用该方法进行夹具优化的算例结果表明优化得到的设计优于经验设计,该方法是一种有效的夹具优化方法。 相似文献
16.
表面形状为自由曲面零件的装夹设计研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
表面形状为自由曲面零件的夹具设计是机械制造领域中的一个难点问题。但是,该类夹具的设计尚未引起广大夹具设计人员的充分注意,成功的设计范例也为数不多,这一现实已不能满足日益增长的自由曲面零件加工制造的要求。本文结合863/CIMS关键技术攻关项目“面向并行工程的计算机辅助夹具设计”的实践并加以扩展,重点讨论了该类夹具设计领域的零件装夹这一难点问题,并根据确定性定位理论与曲面理论给出了自由曲面零件上定位点的选取算法与夹紧点选取策略。 相似文献
17.
18.
Y.G. Liao S.J. Hu 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2001,17(11):810-818
Surface quality is a major factor affecting the performance of a component. The machined surface quality is strongly influenced
by the external loads during the fixturing and machining processes. In machining process development, it is highly desirable
to predict the quality of a machined surface. For this purpose, an integrated finite element analysis (FEA) model of the entire
fixture–workpiece system is developed to investigate the influence of clamping preload and machining force on the surface
quality of the machined workpiece. The effects of fixture and machine table compliance (from experimental data), and the workpiece
and its locators/clamps contact interaction, and forced vibration, on the machined surface quality are taken into account.
This simulation model provides a better understanding of the causes of surface error and a more realistic prediction of the
machined surface quality. The deck face of a V-type engine block subjected to fixture clamping and a face milling operation
is given as an example. A comparison between the simulation result and experimental data shows a reasonable agreement. 相似文献
19.
Guo-hua Qin Wei-hong Zhang 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2007,32(1-2):78-91
After being located on a machine bed, a workpiece will be subject to gravity and cutting forces during the machining operation.
In order to keep the locating precision as well as the production safety, it is necessary to maintain the workpiece stability.
In this paper, a linear programming method is proposed for stability analysis of the workpiece. Based on the linear approximation
of the friction cone, a quantitative criterion is established to verify the workpiece stability in association with the rationality
of the clamping sequence, magnitude of clamping forces and clamping placement. This criterion allows designers to plan reasonably
the clamping sequence, magnitude of clamping forces as well as clamping placement. Compared with existing methods, the main
advantage of this approach lies in that the sophisticated computing of contact forces between fixture elements and the workpiece
is avoided. In this work, both friction and frictionless cases can be easily taken into account in stability analysis. Mathematical
formulations of the method are given and some numerical tests are finally demonstrated to validate the proposed method. 相似文献
20.
Computer aided design of modular fixture assembly 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
K. Whybrew B. K. A. Ngoi 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》1992,7(5):267-276