片状SBA-15介孔分子筛的合成控制及应用

有序介孔材料因其具有均匀可控的孔径,大的比表面积和孔容、规则的孔道、易于修饰的表面等特性,使其在催化、吸附、分离、生物医药等领域具有重要应用价值。其中,片状短孔道SBA-15因作为载体应用于吸附、分离和催化领域时能有效提高传递和扩散速度而备受国内外研究人员的关注。文章综述了片状SBA-15介孔分子筛的控制合成方法及其合成机理,讨论了其在催化,吸附等领域的进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

高度有序SiO2介孔薄膜的制备和机理研究

有序介孔薄膜材料在催化、吸附与分离、化学传感器、发光材料和太阳能电池等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景.本文从孔道定向性角度综述了高度有序SiO2介孔薄膜制备和机理的研究进展,并对介孔薄膜未来的发展进行展望.     

KIT-6介孔分子筛的研究进展

介孔材料由于其孔道规整有序、孔径大小可调,可以实现微孔分子筛难以完成的大分子的吸附、分离反应,近年来介孔分子筛合成和应用的研究引起了学者们的广泛关注.KIT-6介孔分子筛具有高比表面积,三维连通的双螺旋孔道结构的优点,十分适合应用于催化、吸附和药物领域.概述了 KIT-6介孔材料的合成和不同应用领域的研究进展.     

软模板法合成介孔碳材料的研究进展

有序介孔碳材料是一类新型纳米结构材料,具有规则的孔道结构、较大的比表面积和孔容、良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性等一系列优点,在吸附、催化、储氢及电化学等众多领域有着潜在的应用前景。本文综述了软模板法合成介孔碳的进展,以及有序介孔碳的应用。     

稀有气体Xe/Kr吸附分离研究进展

稀有气体Xe/Kr的高效捕集分离是气体工业、核环境监测和乏燃料处理等领域的重要分离过程之一。氙与氪结构与极化率相似,传统低温精馏方法借助氙与氪的沸点差异实现二者分离,能耗巨大,吸附分离是较为理想的替代分离技术。以金属有机框架材料为代表的新型多孔材料具有结构多样性与高度可设计性,通过调节材料微孔表面的极化环境与孔道窗口结构,借助氙与氪极化率的微小差异,可实现对二者的精准辨识,有良好的吸附分离性能与应用前景。重点综述了金属有机框架材料在氙氪分离中的研究进展,归纳了材料的极化环境、孔道结构、框架柔性等因素对氙氪吸附分离性能的影响规律,探讨了金属有机框架材料在氙氪吸附分离研究中存在的问题和局限,并对未来发展方向进行了展望。     

软模板法合成有序介孔材料的研究进展

有序介孔材料具有高度有序的孔道结构,较高的比表面积和较多活性位,已经广泛应用于气体吸附、催化剂和功能材料等领域。本文系统评述了软模板法制备有序介孔材料的合成路线及其组装机理,并对课题组采用软模板法组装介孔氧化钛粒子的机理进行了分析。     

共价有机框架型固态电解质研究进展

共价有机框架材料（COFs）因其结构单元多样性、拓扑结构、有序孔道结构等特点在气体吸附、催化、光电等领域得到广泛的应用。近些年来,基于COFs材料的有序孔道和易于功能化修饰的特性,COFs材料在固态电解质领域展现出巨大的潜力。本文主要总结了近十年来COFs型固态电解质的研究进展,包括聚合物链段-COFs型、离子基团-COFs型固态电解质的应用和锂离子传导性能。对COFs型固态电解质设计思路及未来发展方向进行总结与展望,以期为固态电解质材料的发展提供新思路。     

木质纤维素生物质磁性炭的水处理应用进展

生物质炭材料因独特的孔道结构与优良的吸附性能引起广泛关注,如何有效提升其吸附效率并与水相快速分离仍是极具挑战的问题.综述了木质纤维素生物质磁性炭复合材料的制备方法,对比分析了致孔方法、浸渍比率、炭化温度、炭化时间、炭化方式等因素对其孔道结构的影响,进而介绍了其在水处理领域的应用研究、吸附机制及重复利用情况,最后针对木质...     

电容吸附去离子技术的理论探讨

从理论上推导了电极的电吸附量,并指出实际的电吸附量与理论不一致的原因。建立了“立体结构的孔道双电层模型”。以此模型讨论了孔道的半径、孔道的长度、孔道的表面积与孔道中孔隙的体积、以及溶液的电阻、固体电吸附材料的电阻等因素与电极性能的关系,还对整个电容吸附去离子装置性能的影响作了分析。     

凹凸棒石/炭复合吸附材料研究进展

近年来,黏土矿物/炭复合吸附材料因具有来源丰富、结构可控和性能稳定等特点,成为碳基复合吸附材料研究热点之一。凹凸棒石是一种天然含水富镁铝硅酸盐黏土矿物,独特的孔道结构和一维棒晶使其成为理想的吸附材料和载体材料。本文综述了凹凸棒石/炭复合吸附材料的研究进展,围绕自然资源的高值化和废弃物的资源化利用,着重介绍了利用凹凸棒石脱色废土构筑环境友好型凹凸棒石/炭复合吸附材料的方法及再生应用进展,总结比较了不同方法制备复合吸附材料的形貌和性质及其对不同类型污染物的去除效果,并展望了凹凸棒石/炭复合吸附材料的未来发展方向,以期为黏土矿物/炭复合材料的研发及其在环境修复领域中的应用提供技术支撑。     

介孔分子筛改性及在吸附脱硫中的应用

介孔分子筛由于具有较大的比表面积、孔容、孔径等优点使得其在吸附分离等领域得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了介孔分子筛改性的不同方法,包括嵌入法、负载法,以及有机-无机杂化介孔材料的制备等。对介孔分子筛在吸附脱硫方面的最新研究进展进行了总结,包括对燃料油、天然气、煤气中硫化物的吸附脱除,以及H2S、SO2等大气污染物的吸附脱除。同时对介孔分子筛的改性及发展前景进行了展望,合成新型有机-无机杂化介孔材料并将其应用于吸附等领域是未来发展的主要趋势。     

硅基介孔材料的制备与应用研究进展

硅基介孔材料是通过有机与无机物组份间的超分子组装或协同效应而杂化形成。它具有较大的孔容、高的比表面积、有序且可调的孔道结构,其孔道表面可进行物理吸附或新的化学修饰。这为介孔材料的功能化与应用研究提供了有力的保证。对硅基介孔材料的基本制备方法作了介绍,重点对国内外硅基介孔材料的应用研究进展进行了综述。     

Ordered Mesoporous Materials with Improved Stability and Catalytic Activity

Microporous crystals of zeolites such as Y, Beta, and ZSM-5 are widely used commercial catalysts, but their applications are strongly limited by their small pore sizes. Recent progress in solving this is used to ordered mesoporous materials such as MCM-41, HMS, and SBA-15. These mesoporous materials have pore diameters of 2.0–30 nm and exhibit good catalytic properties for the catalytic conversion of bulky reactants. However, when compared with microporous crystals of zeolites, the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability are relatively low, which severely hinders their practical applications in industrial catalytic reactions such as petroleum cracking. The relatively low catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability can be attributed to the amorphous nature of the mesoporous walls. In this account, we systemically review the routes for improving catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability of mesoporous materials, which include (1) acidic sulfated zirconia supported in mesoporous materials; (2) strongly acidic and thermally stable mesostructured sulfated zirconia with tetragonal crystalline phase; (3) strongly acidic and hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates synthesized in alkaline media; (4) strongly acidic and hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates synthesized in strongly acidic media; (5) hydrothermally stable mesoporous titanosilicates with catalytically active titanium species in oxidations; (6) high-temperature generalized synthesis of ultrastable ordered mesoporous silica-based materials by using fluorocarbonhydrocarbon surfactant mixtures.     

An overview of ordered mesoporous material SBA-15: synthesis,functionalization and application in oxidation reactions

Ordered mesoporous materials are attracting wide concern because of their applications in the field of catalysis, adsorption, separations, drug delivery systems and gas sensors owing of their extremely high surface area combined with well-defined pore structures with narrow pore size distributions. Various mesoporous materials such as MCM-41, MCM-48, SBA-15 and SBA-16 have been reported in past two decades. Synthesis of mesoporous materials involves the concept of aggregation of surfactants as structure directing agents under acidic or basic conditions. The dimensions of these mesopores can be obtained by type of surfactant, auxiliary chemicals and synthesis conditions. At present, SBA-15 has attracted more attention among different mesoporous silica structures due to their desirable properties such as thick pore wall and hexagonal mesopores (4–12 nm), high surface area, ease of synthesis and functionalization and high thermal and mechanical stability. In last few years, great effort has been made on the development of various methods for the synthesis of mesoporous materials as support for oxidation reactions. The aim of this review article is to focus mainly on mesoporous SBA-15 together with its application as support for various oxidation reactions.     

介孔材料中酶固定化的影响因素

介孔材料因具有均一可调的孔径、高的比表面积和规整的孔道结构以及易于表面功能化等优点,可广泛用于生物大分子分离、酶固定化等方面。酶固定化易受介孔材料的影响,本文综述了介孔材料的孔径、表面特性、形貌及溶液的pH等因素对酶固定化的影响,并对改性材料中酶固定化的发展前景进行了预测。     

有机官能化介孔硅基材料研究综述

介孔硅基材料的出现,使沸石中难以完成的大分子催化、吸附和分离过程变为可能。通过对介孔分子筛进行物理及化学改性,可以对其表面性质（内表面及外表面）和孔大小进行精确的控制,同时还可以增强其水热稳定性。改性后的介孔分子筛在大量的催化反应及吸附过程中表现出了比纯硅介孔材料更好的活性、选择性及稳定性。本文拟对介孔硅基材料的合成机理、有机官能化介孔硅基材料在合成与应用方面的研究进展作一简要综述。     

介孔材料研究进展

介孔材料是指孔径为(2~50) nm的多孔材料,具有孔道结构规则有序、孔径分布窄、比表面积大和孔隙率高等特点,在催化、电、磁、传感器、纳米材料合成、光学器件和色谱载体等领域具有潜在的应用价值,是近年来国际上跨学科的研究热点。介孔材料的合成采用水热合成法,为液晶模板和协同自组装机理,在介孔材料中引入Al、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Ga、Mn、Mo、Nb、Ti、V和Zr等可提高反应活性和表面吸附能,主要应用于分离与吸附、光学以及作为催化剂使用。如何在保持介孔结构的基础上提高材料的结晶性及功能性,利用低成本模板剂制备结构稳定、高孔隙率和高比表面积的介孔材料已成为研究热点。     

Highly ordered mesoporous CoFe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> and CuFe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> with crystalline walls

The highly ordered mesoporous CoFe₂O₄ and CuFe₂O₄ with crystalline walls can be synthesized by hard template with using mesoporous silica SBA-15 as hard template and using ferric nitrate, cobalt nitrate, and copper nitrate as metal precursors. These new mesoporous materials above have high surface areas, narrow pore size distribution, and large pore volumes, which are believed to be valuable for the potential application in the field of sensors, catalysis, message recording, magnetics, and biology. This work provides a method to fabricate the highly ordered mesoporous materials composed of multi-metal oxides with crystalline walls. The development of such versatile approach is of great significance in practical application. It can be envisaged that this established method is significantly expandable to the controlled synthesis of the mesoporous functional materials with diverse compositions.     

Controlling the textural parameters of mesoporous carbon materials

The mesoporous carbon materials prepared by inorganic templating technique using mesoporous silica, SBA-15 as a template and sucrose as a carbon source, have been systematically investigated as a function of sucrose to mesoporous silica composition, with a special focus on controlling the mesoporous structure, surface morphology and the textural parameters such as specific surface area, specific pore volume and pore size distribution. All the materials have been unambiguously characterized by XRD, N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. It has been found that the porous structure, morphology and the textural parameters of the mesoporous carbons materials, CMK-3-x where x represent the sucrose to silica weight ratio, can be easily controlled by the simple adjustment of concentration of sucrose molecules. It has also been found that the specific surface area of the mesoporous carbon materials systematically increases with decreasing the sucrose to silica weight ratio. Moreover, the specific pore volume of the materials increases from 0.57 to 1.31 cm³/g with decreasing the sucrose to silica weight ratio from 5 to 1.25 and then decreases to 1.23 cm³/g for CMK-3-0.8. HRTEM and HR-FESEM also show a highly ordered pore structure and better surface morphology for CMK-3-1.25 as compared to other materials prepared in this study. Thus, it can be concluded that the sucrose to silica weight ratio of 1.25 is the best condition to prepare well ordered mesoporous carbon materials with good textural parameters, pore structure and narrow pore size distribution.     

介孔碳的研究进展及应用

介孔碳是一类新型的具有巨大比表面积和孔体积的介孔材料,可以通过不同的方法合成并对其孔结构和形貌进行调节。本文主要综述了介孔碳及介孔碳基复合材料的合成方法,对比阐述了不同方法制备的介孔碳材料所具备的孔道结构和形貌。介绍了将不同非金属和金属元素及其氧化物掺杂在介孔碳中合成复合材料,发现制备的复合材料具有更优的性能且掺杂元素不同复合材料的形貌和孔道结构不同。此外,简要说明了介孔碳及碳基复合材料在环境、催化、储能、电化学和生物医学等方面的应用,指出其在各个领域的应用仍存在不足。调整介孔碳的孔结构和表面性能、采用更简便易控制的合成方法将成为制备介孔碳及碳基材料的主要研究方向。