Fe—Mn—Al合金的腐蚀性能与钝化膜的研究

应用阳极极化及ＡＥＳ／ＸＰＳ技术，研究了Ｆｅ－３０．８Ｍｎ－８．２Ａｌ奥氏体合金在ｐＨ值为－０．８至１５．３的水溶液中的腐蚀性能，并与Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ合金，低碳钢，９％Ｎｉ低温钢及１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢进行对比。在所测试的水溶液中，该合金的腐蚀抗力优于低碳钢的Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ合金，与９％Ｎｉ钢相当，但不及１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢。     

Na2SO4沉积盐引起的Ni3Al—Fe的中温区热腐蚀

研究了Ｎａ２ＳＯ４沉积盐引起的Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｆｅ于７００－８２０℃空气中的腐行为，结果表明，Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｆｅ遭受自持性的热腐蚀，热腐蚀的发生似可归因于Ｆｅ与Ｎａ２ＳＯ４反应的产物Ｎａ２Ｏ与Ｎａ２ＳＯ４形成了Ｎａ２Ｏ－Ｎａ２ＳＯ４共晶熔融盐，随中金中Ｍｏ的氧化产物ＭｏＯ３参与电化学阴极还原反应，从而引发合金快速的热腐蚀，此外，熔盐中Ｎａ２ＳＯ４与ＭｏＯ３反应生成的ＳＯ３导致了熔盐的高酸度和合金的内硫化     

快速凝固Al—8.3Fe—1.9V—2.1Si合金的相转变

借助扫描电子显微分析、Ｘ射线衍射技术、差热分析手段研究了快速凝固Ａｌ－８．３Ｆｅ－１．９Ｖ－２．１Ｓｉ合金的相组成及相转变温度。结果表明，合金中的相组成为αＡｌ＋Ａｌ１３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ）３Ｓｉ相；在６３８℃－６４５℃温度范围内，立方结构的Ａｌ１３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ）３Ｓｉ相向六方结构的Ａｌ３（Ｆｅ，Ｖ，Ｓｉ）相转变。钒添加至Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ合金中，提高了快速凝固Ａｌ－８．３Ｆｅ－１．９Ｖ－２．１Ｓｉ合金粉末的     

Fe—Mn—Al系列金属和Fe—Cr—Ni系列金属应力腐蚀断裂试验研究

试验研究五种Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ａｌ系列金属和两种Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ系列金属在饱和Ｈ２Ｓ腐蚀溶液中的应力腐蚀断裂性能。连续加载应力腐蚀断裂试验表明和Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ａｌ系列金属在饱和Ｈ２Ｓ腐蚀溶液中的抗应力腐蚀断裂能力高于和Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ系列金属。Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ａｌ系列金属对于应力腐蚀断裂的敏感性与它的硬度有关。     

Na_2SO_4 INDUCED HOT CORROSION OF Ni_3Al－Fe INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND AT INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURES

研究了Ｎａ_２ＳＯ_４沉积盐引起的Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ－Ｆｅ于７００一８２０℃空气中的腐蚀行为。结果表明，Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ－Ｆｅ遭受自持性的热腐蚀。热腐蚀的发生似可归因于Ｆｅ与Ｎａ_２ＳＯ_４反应的产物Ｎａ_２Ｏ与Ｎａ_２ＳＯ_４形成了Ｎａ_２Ｏ－Ｎａ_２ＳＯ_４共晶熔融盐，随后合金中Ｍｏ的氧化产物ＭｏＯ_３参与电化学阴极还原反应，从而引发合金快速的热腐蚀。此外，熔盐中Ｎａ_２ＳＯ_４与ＭｏＯ_３反应生成的ＳＯ_３导致了熔盐的高酸度和合金的内硫化，从而进一步加剧了腐蚀的进程。     

在含氯化物的碱性溶液中双相不锈钢的耐蚀性及表面膜的研究

在９０℃含Ｃｌ－碱性溶液中所研究钢种的电化学行为表明：００Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ５Ｍｏ３Ｓｉ２（１８－５）双相不锈钢耐一般腐蚀和孔蚀性能较０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ（１８－ＳＴｉ）奥氏体不锈钢更佳．碱液中的游离ＮＨ３、ＣＯ３２－和ＨＣＯ３－有缓蚀作用，Ｓ２－促使材料活化．ＥＤＡＸ、ＸＰＳ及ＴＥＭ分析结果表明：两种不锈钢的表面膜均为多价的复杂氧化物膜，以ＣｒＯＯＨ、Ｃｒ２Ｏ３为主要成分．１８－５钢表面膜中Ｃｒ富集程度较１８－８Ｔｉ钢高，膜的致密度及稳定性亦高，膜中的ＭｏＯ３能有效提高钢的耐孔蚀性能．     

渗铝NiAl－20％Fe金属间合金的高温热腐蚀

本文研究了在９５０℃空气中，表面涂Ｎａ_２ＳＯ_４盐膜的条件下，ＮｉＡｌ，ＮｉＡｌ－２０％Ｆｅ及渗铝后的高温热腐蚀行为。在热腐蚀过程中，ＮｉＡｌ合金表面能形成Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３膜，显示出一定的耐蚀性能。但Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３膜易开裂，Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３膜的溶解及开裂会引发合金发生快速热腐蚀；２０％Ｆｅ的加入则使ＮｉＡｌ合金的耐蚀性能显著变差，合金表面不能形成单一的Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３膜；渗铝处理可以明显提高ＮｉＡｌ－２０％Ｆｅ合金的耐蚀性能，且渗铝涂层的耐蚀性能优于ＮｉＡｌ合金，这与铝化物涂层中的Ａｌ含量较高，Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３膜的开裂倾向较小有关。     

代位合金元素原子在Fe3Al金属间化合物亚点阵占位的中子衍射研究

用中子衍射分析法研究了Ｃｒ，Ｍｏ，Ｔｉ，Ｎｉ，Ｍｎ，Ｓｉ等代位合金元素当量成分，ＤＯ３结构Ｆｅ３Ａｌ金属间化合物亚点阵中的原子占位及其对单胞中Ｆｅ原子磁矩，ＤＯ３－Ｂ２转变行为的影响。     

Fe—Mn—Al合金在水溶液中电化学腐蚀行为

采用阳极极化测量，俄歇能谱仪与Ｘ射线光电子谱仪研究了Ｆｅ－（１７￣３１ｗｔ％）Ｍｎ－（０￣９ｗｔ％）Ａｌ系奥氏体合金在１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｎａ２ＳＯ４与３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为。     

合金元素对Ni3Al合金抗汽蚀性能的影响

研究了Ｎｉ３Ａｌ合金中ＡＬ,Ｃｒ,Ｆｅ以及Ｍｏ含量对该合金的抗汽蚀性能的影响,结果表明含６％－９％Ａｌ,８％Ｃｒ并用Ｚｒ,Ｂ韧化的Ｎｉ３Ａｌ基合金具有优良的抗汽蚀性能,Ｍｏ和Ｆｅ元素的加入使抗汽蚀性能有一降低２,但仍不失为较好的抗汽蚀材料。     

Aqueous corrosion properties of austenitic Fe-8.7Al-29.7Mn-1.04C alloy

The aqueous corrosion behaviour of the alloy Fe-8.7Al-29.7Mn-1.04C has been investigated by the anodic polarization technique. The anodic polarization behaviour of the alloy was found to be very poor compared with that of conventional 316 stainless steel. Passivation in aqueous solutions only occurs when the pH is in the range 5.55 – 6.10.     

Fe41Co7Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2块体非晶合金在HCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

采用电化学极化曲线和电化学阻抗(EIS)测试方法研究Fe_(41)Co_7Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2块体非晶合金在0.5,1,2以及4 mol/L HCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,并比较了1 mol/L HCl溶液中非晶合金和不锈钢的腐蚀行为.极化曲线测试结果表明,Fe_(41)Co_7Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2块体非晶合金在各种浓度的HCl溶液中都具有很好的耐蚀性,阳极极化曲线表现出明显的钝化特征.随着HCl溶液浓度的增大,其耐蚀性能逐渐下降.在1 mol/L HCl溶液中,非晶合金的自腐蚀电位高于不锈钢,自腐蚀电流密度比不锈钢小1个数量级.EIS结果显示,在开路电位下,Fe_(41)Co_7Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2非晶合金和不锈钢的Nyquist图均由单一的容抗弧构成,但非晶合金的电化学转移电阻Rt比不锈钢的大2个数量级,这一结果与极化曲线结果一致,说明非晶合金在HCl溶液中的耐蚀性能优于不锈钢.     

Anodic behaviour of stainless steel S43000 in concentrated solutions of sulphuric acid

Electrochemical, AES and XPS techniques were employed to characterize the anodic behaviour of S43000 stainless steel in concentrated sulphuric acid (90.0-96.4 wt.%). Electrochemical experiments showed that passivity is not spontaneous and requires anodic polarization in the acids studied. Rotating cylindrical electrode experiments showed that the corrosion rate is controlled by the mass transfer rate of FeSO₄ from a saturated surface salt. AES and XPS analyses provided evidence that passivity involves the formation of a chromium-rich oxide-hydroxide film. The passivation mechanism and passive state stability are considered to relate to the manner in which undissociated H₂SO₄ molecules participate in the corrosion process. The findings have meaningful implications regarding the development of more corrosion resistant stainless steels for acid service.     

一种新型Fe-Mn-Al-Cr奥氏体不锈钢的耐蚀性能

研究了一系列铬含量不同而锰含量都为15%的Fe-Mn-Al-Cr钢在几种典型酸、碱、盐水溶液中的耐腐蚀性能,并与锰含量为26%的Fe-Mn-Al-Cr钢和1Cr18Ni9Ti相比较,结果表明新型的Fe-Mn-Al-Cr钢在水溶液中的耐腐蚀性能比原来的Fe-Mn-Al-Cr钢的都要好,在有些溶液中的耐蚀性能比1Cr18Ni9Ti还要好。这种新型不锈钢的价格非常低,有较高的实用价值。研究还表明,对该钢种而言,铬含量升高并不意味着耐蚀性能提高,铬含量增至某一值时钢的耐蚀性能反而降低,此时组织中出现铁素体。用XPS对Fe-Mn-Al-Cr钢在0.5mol/L H2SO4中的钝化膜进行了研究.     

The corrosion behavior of Fe-based shape memory alloys

Fe-30Mn-6Si, Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr and Fe-13Mn-5Si-12Cr-5Ni shape memory alloys were prepared by a VIM technique. The various corrosion tests were conducted to investigate the corrosion behaviors of these alloys. Experimental results show that in 3.5% NaCl solution, the Fe-13Mn-5Si-12Cr-5Ni alloy had the best chemical corrosion resistance, whereas the Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr alloy was locally attacked, forming many corrosion pits after immersion test. In addition, the detachment of the corrosion product covering the Fe-30Mn-6Si alloy caused an abrupt increase in the weight loss. After 2 h of heat treatment at 1000 °C, the corrosion potential of the Fe-30Mn-6Si alloy increased due to the formation of α-ferrite, while the Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr alloy became more active. In the stress-corrosion cracking test, the Fe-13Mn-5Si-12Cr-5Ni alloy, having the highest fracture stress in the atmosphere among these alloys, exhibited the largest decrease in fracture stress in the saturated H₂S solution due to the existence of α-martensite.     

Elektrochemisches Verhalten und Deckschichtbildung hochlegierter Manganstähle

Electrochemical behaviour and scaling of high alloy manganese steels Passivating surface layers are considered to be one of the indispensable requirements for stress corrosion cracking of metallic materials. It is shown by potentiostatic and potentiokinetic current density-potential curves that the steel X 40 MnCrN 19 in neutral aqueous chloride solutions has a passive potential region. The passivation behaviour Of precipitation hardened samples is in agreement with the chromium depletion theory. The effect of alloying on the passivation behaviour of low carbon Mn steels is studied in 3 % NaCl solution at 20 and 100 °C Increasing proportions ε-martensite reduce the passivation of susceptibility. Increasing the Mn content has the same effect. The vital factor concerning passivation behaviour, however, is chromium content. Increasing the temperature of the corrodent results in an increased tendency to form scales of steels containing less than 8 % Cr. Long-term corrosion tests have shown, that increasing the Cr content produces a continuous transition from general localized and even pitting Corrosion. Tests made without applied current in aerated solutions have shown, that the variation in time of corrosion potentials depends from the tendency to be passivated of the materials and from the oxygen content of the solutions. In oxygen containing solutions passivable steels exhibit a pronounced corrosion in the pitting region, because with such alloys anodic dissolution current densities equal to those of the limiting diffusion current of oxygen reduction are obtained only at potentials above the pitting potential.     

The corrosion behaviour of Fe-15Mn-7Si-9Cr-5Ni shape memory alloy

The corrosion behaviour of Fe-15Mn-7Si-9Cr-5Ni (mass%) shape memory alloy at 25 °C in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ and 3.5% NaCl solutions has been studied using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance techniques. Three different microstructures viz., single-phase γ, γ-δ and γ-Fe₅Ni₃Si₂, were produced by heat-treating the alloy in different equilibrium phase fields. The corrosion behaviour in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solution is almost same for all three microstructures, barring a slight difference in the passivation range. Although, the passivation current in 0.5 M H₂SO₄, is in the same range as that of SS 304, the critical current required for onset of passivation is almost three orders higher and the passivation range is much shorter. In 3.5% NaCl solution the corrosion behaviour of all three microstructures of the Fe-15Mn-7Si-9Cr-5Ni shape memory alloy was that of general dissolution without passivity or localized attack (pitting). The best corrosion resistance in both H₂SO₄ and NaCl solutions is shown by the single-phase γ microstructure.     

新型生物可降解Fe-30Mn-1C合金的性能研究

采用真空感应熔炼法制备了Fe-30Mn-1C合金,研究了其力学性能、磁性、模拟体液中的降解速度以及体外生物相容性.研究结果表明,与Fe-30Mn合金和316L不锈钢相比,C的加入提高了铁基合金的力学性能,使材料兼具高强度和高塑性,并进一步降低了材料的磁性,使其具有更优良的核磁共振(MRI)兼容性.电化学阻抗谱(EIS)结果表明,材料的极化电阻降低,浸泡实验也证实材料的降解速度得到提高.体外生物相容性研究结果表明.Fe-30Mn-1C合金同时具有优异的抗溶血、凝血、血小板黏附性能,以及良好的细胞相容性,满足对医用植入材料的基本要求.     

Effects of different simulated fluids on anticorrosion biometallic materials

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1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢在腐蚀介质中的抗空蚀性能

利用磁致伸缩空蚀实验机研究了1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢在3%NaCl和05 mol/L HCl溶液中的空蚀行为.结果表明：在3%NaCl溶液中，低硬度的Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢的抗空蚀性能优于高硬度的水轮机常规用材0Cr13Ni5Mo.1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢的空蚀破坏首先在铁素体相发生，铁素体相的失效方式为脆性失效，而奥氏体相是延性失效.奥氏体相区由滑移和孪生引起的塑性变形耗散了空泡溃灭产生的冲击能量，从而提高1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢的抗空蚀性能.在05 mol/L HCl溶液中，1Cr18Mn14N的抗空蚀性能不如0Cr13Ni5Mo，结果与3%NaCl溶液中的正好相反，这是由于阳极溶解和氢共同作用的结果.