La2O3对AZ91D镁合金表面激光熔覆Al-Cu涂层的影响

试验采用Nd:YAG 激光器在AZ91D镁合金表面激光熔覆不同La2O3含量的Al-Cu涂层,借助扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计和滑动磨损试验机,分析稀土对熔覆层表面形貌、显微组织、物相结构、显微硬度和耐磨性能的影响。研究结果表明：稀土氧化物La2O3在Al-Cu涂层中能够细化晶粒,改善熔覆层的质量,并生成稀土化合物Mg17La2和LaAl3;当添加质量分数为1.2%的La2O3时,熔覆层组织均匀,晶粒细小,显微硬度最高;添加La2O3的熔覆层的平均摩擦因数比镁基体和未添加La2O3的熔覆层的平均摩擦因数小,说明稀土氧化物能够减小熔覆层的摩擦因数,提高涂层的耐磨性。     

铝合金表面添加La_2O_3激光熔覆Ni基WC金属陶瓷涂层研究

添加适量La2O3,采用自配的熔覆材料在ZL108表面激光熔覆制备了Ni基WC金属陶瓷复合涂层,对熔覆层进行了显微组织和能谱分析、显微硬度测量以及室温下的干滑动摩擦磨损试验。结果表明,在铝合金表面激光熔覆处理时添加适量La2O3获得的Ni基WC金属陶瓷增强涂层无裂纹,组织细小,致密,WC颗粒增强相与基体之间结合良好。室温下熔覆层的磨损主要为显微切削和粘着磨损,干摩擦磨损性能优良。     

稀土Y_2O_3对激光熔覆Al/Fe基合金涂层的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在低碳钢表面制备了Al/Fe基合金涂层。通过Olympus金相显微镜、SEM、EDS和显微硬度测试研究了稀土Y2O3的添加对熔覆层组织结构和显微硬度的影响。结果表明:稀土Y2O3的添加,加剧了激光熔覆过程中的铝热反应,提高熔覆层凝固温度,增大熔覆层及结合区白亮带的厚度。通过与合金元素的交互作用改变了熔覆层中合金元素的分布,使合金元素含量自结合区至熔覆层表层呈增加趋势,细化了晶粒,提高熔覆层整体硬度。同时Y2O3在熔覆过程中可部分代替C的还原作用,减少C的损失,并使C和Cr大量富集于熔覆层表层,极大地提高熔覆层表层硬度。     

Y_2O_3对镍基碳化钛金属陶瓷熔覆层组织的影响

利用 HTWY180-MK 激光焊接机在45*钢基体表面熔覆了含Y2O3,的镍基 TiC 金属陶瓷复合涂层,研究了稀土Y2O3,对激光熔覆镍基金属陶瓷复合涂层组织及性能的影响.结果表明:在镍基金属陶瓷复合层中加入一定量的稀土氧化物Y2O3,可有效改善熔覆层的组织及性能,减少复合涂层中的裂纹、孔洞、杂质,加速熔覆层中 TiC 颗粒的溶解,并改善了 TiC 颗粒的形状,同时使得激光熔覆层的组织及硬度更加均匀.在本文所述试验条件下,熔覆层中添加稀土氧化物Y2O3,最佳质量分数为0.5%.     

稀土镧对硼铁激光熔覆层耐磨性能影响

研究了镧对硼铁激光熔覆改性层的组织和摩擦学性能的影响。对不同La含量的熔覆层进行了摩擦磨损实 验,实验结果表明:含适量La熔覆层的耐磨性得到很大提高。在本实验条件下,La的加入量最佳值约为2%,此时 熔覆层磨损量较未加La时减少25.8%,当La加入量过多时,熔覆层耐磨性反而降低,甚至低于不加La时的耐磨 性。扫描电子显微镜显示含适量La的改性层的硼铁化合物组织明显细化且弥散分布于铸态组织中,磨斑表面硼元 素(1s电子轨道)的XPS图谱分析表明熔覆层中铁与硼主要以Fe2B相存在。     

Y2O3对45钢表面激光熔覆镍基合金的影响

研究了Y2O3对镍基合金激光熔覆层显微组织、相结构以及性能的影响。结果表明加入Y2O3的镍基激光熔覆层显微组织细小均匀，且不出现微裂纹。熔覆层形成的物相有Fe-C，Fe-B和NiCrFe等。与纯镍基熔覆层相比，加入Y2O3的镍基熔覆层显微硬度有较大提高，其耐磨性能比淬火和软氮化后明显提高；加稀土的激光合金化比不加稀土的激光合金化的耐磨性要有所提高。     

35CrMo钢表面激光熔覆Ni/WC-Y_2O_3合金工艺研究

研究了35CrMo钢表面激光熔覆Ni/WC-Y2O3时激光功率、扫描速度和离焦量对熔覆层性能的影响,通过选择合适的水平进行正交试验,得到了熔覆层硬度和耐磨性能优良的较优工艺参数。此外,还分析了WC和Y2O3对熔覆层组织性能的影响。     

La2O3添加量对激光熔覆铁基合金涂层显微组织和耐磨性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在35CrMoV钢表面制备添加La₂O₃质量分数分别为0,0.7%,1.4%,2.0%的铁基合金熔覆层,研究了La₂O₃含量对其显微组织、物相组成、显微硬度、耐摩擦磨损性能和抗冲击磨料磨损性能的影响。结果表明：未添加La₂O₃的熔覆层主要物相为FeCr固溶体和少量Cr₂₃C₆,添加La₂O₃后熔覆层中还出现了LaNi₃,当La₂O₃质量分数为1.4%时熔覆层与基体界面平整,冶金结合良好,组织细小且均匀;随着La₂O₃质量分数增加,熔覆层显微硬度先增大后减小,耐摩擦磨损性能和抗冲击磨料磨损性能先提高后降低,当La₂O₃质量分数为1.4%,耐磨性能最好,此时熔覆层的摩擦磨损机制由未添加La₂     

激光熔覆Al和微量Al_2O_3对提高AZ91D镁合金表面性能的研究

为了提高AZ91D镁合金表面性能,实验利用5 kW横流CO2激光器在AZ91D镁合金表面熔覆了Al+微量Al2O3涂层(Al2O3的质量分数分别为2%,3%,4%,Al和Al2O3的粒度均为300目),使用激光的功率分别为1.9kW,1.5 kW,1.7 kW,扫描速率为7 mm/s,对不同激光工艺参数下获得的熔覆层组织进行了观察,用扫描电镜(SEM)对熔覆层进行了微观分析,并测试了熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性能。实验结果表明:当激光功率为1.7 kW~1.9 kW,扫描速率为7 mm/s时,熔覆层的显微硬度最高达320HV0.2是基体的80HV0.2的4倍,耐磨性比基体明显提高了。     

稀土La_2O_3对激光熔覆制备生物陶瓷涂层的组织与性能的影响

采用梯度思想及宽带激光熔覆技术在Ti-6Al-4V合金上制备生物陶瓷复合涂层,以减少激光熔覆时基材与生物陶瓷涂层之间的热应力,并研究了稀土氧化物La2O3含量对生物陶瓷涂层组织及性能的影响。结果表明:La2O3的加入能细化晶粒,不同含量的稀土氧化物的加入能影响HA和β-TCP的形成。随着稀土氧化物La2O3含量的增加,生物陶瓷层的显微硬度增加。当La2O3含量为0.6%时,陶瓷层和合金化层具有良好的硬度分布。     

纳米和微米La2O3颗粒增强镍基复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能

用复合电沉积工艺制备了纳米和微米La2O3颗粒增强镍基复合镀层，在销盘式滑动磨损试验机上考察了复合镀层在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能，用扫描电子显微镜分析了其磨损机理。结果表明：在干摩擦条件下，纳米La2O3颗粒增强复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能明显优于微米La2O3颗粒增强复合镀层；纳米La2O3增强镍基复合镀层的磨损主要表现为轻微磨粒磨损特征，而微米La2O3增强镍基复合镀层的磨损机制为剥层磨损和磨粒磨损。     

激光熔覆金属基固体自润滑涂层的组织结构

铝合金板料的温成形过程中，为解决模具和铝合金板间的高温润滑问题，开发一种高效、环保的润滑技术非常重要。以Ni45-CaF2-WS2为复合固体润滑材料，分别采用Nd：YAG与CO2激光熔覆技术制备了金属基固体润滑涂层，研究了两种激光熔覆层的组织结构，并分析了两种涂层的组织结构形成机理。结果表明，CO2激光器较Nd：YAG激光器更适合该类涂层的制备。     

Microstructure and Wear Properties of In Situ Synthesized VC Carbide Reinforced Fe-based Surface Composite Coating Produced by Laser Cladding

In situ synthesized VC carbide particles reinforced Fe-based composite coating was fabricated by laser cladding on steel substrate using ferrovanadium (Fe–V) alloy and graphite as the precursor powders. The phase structure and microstructure of the clad layer were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. Results showed that uniformly distributed VC particles with the radial dendrites shape could be synthesized by the in situ reaction. The hardness and wear properties of the clad coatings were greatly improved due to the presence of VC particles in comparison with the substrate.     

TiAl合金表面等离子喷涂双层涂层组织与性能的研究

用等离子喷涂法在TiAl合金基体表面喷涂得到由CoNiCrAlY粘结层和ZrO2 Y2O2陶瓷外层组成的双层结构的热障涂层，进行了高温氧化试验并用SEM和光学显微镜观察分析了涂层的组织及形貌。结果表明：粘结层厚度为60μm，陶瓷外层厚度为250μm。喷涂后试样高温抗氧化能力提高。     

A study on the influence of laser power on microstructural evolution and tribological functionality of metallic coatings deposited on Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Metallic Ti–Co binary coatings were fabricated on titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) substrate by laser surface cladding technique using a continuous wave RofinSinar 4 kW Nd: YAG laser. The influence of laser power on microstructure, hardness and tribological performance of Ti–Co laser clad coatings on titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) was examined. Laser powers of 750 and 900 W were varied with constant scan speed of 1.2 m/min. A beam size of 3 mm and argon shield gas flow rate of 1.2 L/min were set as the operating laser parameters. Phase identification and morphological studies of the coatings were carried out using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Based on the results of laser process optimisation, it was observed that both laser powers produced clad coatings with good metallurgical bond with no cracks or pores in the coatings. With respect to the substrate (Ti–6Al–4V), the microstructure, hardness and friction/wear behaviour of Ti–Co coatings on Ti–6Al–4V substrate were enhanced obviously.     

激光电刷镀Ni基镀层表面形貌及相结构研究

进行了脉冲和连续Nd^2＋：YAG激光电刷镀Ni及n—Al2O3／Ni试验，利用SEM分析了镀层表面形貌，采用X射线衍射仪分析了镀层的相结构。结果表明：与普通电刷镀镀层相比，激光强化电刷镀镀层晶粒明显细化，其中镀层的晶粒尺寸减小了约5nm，且激光的连续性对Ni镀层晶粒尺寸的影响较大。激光未对Ni镀层和n-Al2O3／Ni复合镀层的晶体结构产生明显影响，但使镍晶粒在（111）晶面具有优先生长现象。     

Microstructure and tribological properties of laser clad γ/Cr7C3/TiC composite coatings on γ-TiAl intermetallic alloy

In order to improve the wear resistance of the γ-TiAl intermetallic alloy, microstructure, room- and high-temperature (600 °C) wear behaviors of laser clad γ/Cr₇C₃/TiC composite coatings with different constitution of NiCr–Cr₃C₂ precursor-mixed powders have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), block-on-ring (room-temperature) and pin-on-disk (high-temperature) wear tests. The responding wear mechanisms are discussed in detail. Results show that microstructures of the laser clad composite coatings have non-equilibrium solidified microstructures consisting of primary hard Cr₇C₃ and TiC carbides and the inter-primary γ/Cr₇C₃ eutectic matrix, about three to five times higher average microhardness compared with the TiAl alloy substrate. Higher wear resistance than the original TiAl alloy is achieved in the clad composite coatings under dry sliding wear conditions, which is closely related to the formation of non-equilibrium solidified reinforced Cr₇C₃ and TiC carbides and the positive contribution of the relatively ductile and tough γ/Cr₇C₃ eutectics matrix and their stability under high-temperature exposure.     

Comparative study on tribology and microhardness of laser synthesized Ti-Al2O3/Zn coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy

ABSTRACT

The study of laser cladding of 90Ti-10Al₂O₃, 90Ti-8Al₂O₃-2Zn and 90Ti-4Al₂O₃-6Zn coatings onto Ti-6Al-4V alloy, with intention to produce defect-less, high microhardness and wear resistant coating was carried out. The coatings were deposited onto Ti-6Al-4V alloy at 900 W laser power and 0.6 m/min laser scan speed. Microstructures and phase constituents of the developed coatings were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer correspondingly. Vickers microhardness tester and pin-on-disk tribometer were employed to characterize microhardness and wear behaviour of the Ti-Al₂O₃/Zn coatings respectively. SEM was also used to examine the worn track. It was observed that 90Ti-10Al₂O₃ coating yielded optimal microhardness along with maximal wear resistance in comparison to the other coatings and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. It has been established that laser cladding of Ti-Al₂O₃ coating with Zn contents on Ti-6Al-4V alloy alleviates the formation of cracks, however, microhardness and wear properties are negatively affected.     

激光熔覆Ni/TiC复合涂层组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术在45钢样品表面制备了Ni/TiC复合涂层,利用光学显微镜、SEM,EDS,XRD、显微镜硬度计及摩擦磨损试验机等检测设备研究了Ni/TiC复合涂层的组织和性能。试验结果表明：Ni/TiC复合涂层没有出现裂纹、孔洞等缺陷,涂层与基体之间具有良好的冶金结合,涂层显微硬度沿层深皆呈明显的阶梯状分布,最外表面的熔覆层硬度最高,约为800 HV;熔覆试样的比磨损率比基体试样的比磨损率下降了86.5％,表明Ni/TiC复合涂层具有较好的耐磨性能。     

Tribological properties of electrospark-deposited and further laser-hardened coatings

The tribological properties of the coatings based on fine-grained VK6-M hard alloy, chromium, and molybdenum have been investigated. The coatings were obtained by the electrospark deposition followed by the laser treatment. The electric spark deposition does not affect the coefficient of friction and temperature in the friction zone of the coated surface in contrast to steel 45 surface. Additional laser treatment reduces the dispersion of the friction coefficients and temperatures, but hardly alters their level. The wear rate of the coatings increases in the direction VK6-M → Cr → Mo → steel 45. A hard alloy coating is most effective, since the wear rate decreases as much as 15 times compared to steel 45. The wear rate of the coatings based on chromium and molybdenum is 1.7 and 1.4 times lower than that of steel 45. The laser treatment reduces the wear rate even more, i.e., by 70% for the coating based on the hard alloy and 3.5 and 3 times, respectively, for coatings based on chromium and molybdenum.