骨组织工程支架材料

寻找理想的支架材料是目前骨组织工程研究的热点。本文阐述了用于骨组织丁程支架材抖的天然生物衍生材料、聚合物类材料、陶瓷材料及其复合材料等的研究现状,分析了这些材料的优缺点,并展望了骨组织工程支架材料的发展趋势。     

骨组织工程中的碳纤维材料

归纳了聚合物支架材料在提高其力学性能方面的一些研究工作,并综述了碳纤维材料在骨组织工程上应用的进展.分析表明,骨组织工程是修复骨缺损的有效方法之一,而碳纤维材料的结构性能优势使其成为提高组织工程支架性能的首选材料之一.在提高聚合物支架力学性能的同时,进一步提高材料的生物活性和促进骨的修复是目前研究的重点和难点.指出可通过对碳纤维材料的改性、有序排列等手段来进一步提高碳纤维材料的作用.     

新专利技术

钙磷类陶瓷骨组织工程多孔支架材料；带连墙装置的大型瓷砖。     

生物质基含硅骨修复复合支架材料的制备、特性及评价

模仿天然骨的精密结构制备有机-无机复合骨修复支架材料已成为骨组织工程发展的重要方向。生物质材料如胶原、明胶、壳聚糖、丝素蛋白等由于具有优良的生物学性能而得到广泛关注。含硅生物活性材料由于具有良好的骨传导性和骨诱导性,成为骨修复支架材料中重要的无机组分。本文主要介绍了粉体复合和原位复合两种骨支架材料组分的复合技术,阐述了冷冻干燥、静电纺丝、仿生矿化以及3D打印等骨支架材料结构的构建策略,着重总结了生物质基含硅骨修复支架材料研究进展,阐明当前骨支架材料制备的难点在于支架材料的力学性能和多孔性结构以及生物降解性能与新骨生成速率之间的匹配性问题,并对骨支架材料的发展进行了展望。     

壳聚糖复合材料在骨修复材料或组织工程支架中的应用

综述了HA、PLA与壳聚糖制备复合骨修复材料或组织工程支架的优缺点,表明壳聚糖复合材料已经成为复合骨修复材料或组织工程支架材料的研究热点,加入一些其他材料与其共混可以更好地符合骨组织的需求。壳聚糖作为支架材料有其本身的局限性,因此壳聚糖与其他材料的复合研究是如今壳聚糖研究的一个热点,现今已出现的多种新型复合材料在骨组织工程中的应用各自具有其独特的优点。     

丝素蛋白在骨组织工程中的应用研究进展

简述了骨组织工程的重要性及其对组织工程支架的要求,介绍了丝素蛋白的特性,着重介绍了5种形态的丝素蛋白材料在骨组织工程中的应用,并总结了丝素蛋白复合支架的特点以及其对骨修复的影响,提出了丝素蛋白支架存在的主要问题并展望了其未来的研究方向。     

CaO-P2O5-SiO2系统溶胶-凝胶生物活性多孔材料的降解特性及生物活性研究

通过溶胶—凝胶法合成制备了CaO—-P2O5—SiO2系统溶胶—凝胶生物活性玻璃，并通过一定的烧结工艺将其制备成用作骨组织工程支架的多孔材料。采用生物材料的体外实验方法(in vitro)及DTA、XRD、SEM及FTIR等材料显微结构及性能研究手段分析研究了烧结温度对多孔材料的显微结构、生物活性和可降解性能的影响。     

三维打印材料在骨组织工程中的研究进展

骨科手术的需求很大程度上促进了骨组织工程技术的进步。生产用于创伤修复手术的支架材料是一个骨组织工程研究中值得关注和正在进行的研究课题。在支架生产领域,3D打印在微观和宏观结构构建方面具有前所未有的精度,它可以被用来构建各种不同骨及软骨组织修复的生物工程材料支架。本文旨在寻找3DP的各种方法、所用的材料、功能和设计元素,以及改进3DP支架的生物力学性能与生物活性。     

骨组织工程支架材料磷酸钙双相生物陶瓷的研究进展

双相磷酸钙(biphasic calcium phosphate,BCP)生物陶瓷材料在整型外科领域是一类重要的骨修复材料。该材料由稳定相羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite,HA)和可溶解相β-磷酸三钙(β-tricalcium phosphate,β-TCP)双相平衡优化得到,其生物活性及生物降解性可调。模拟人体自然骨结构的多孔型BCP适宜细胞及骨组织的长入,是一类优异的骨组织工程支架材料。概述了BCP生物陶瓷材料的研究历史、制备工艺及材料表征;评价了多孔型BCP陶瓷的孔隙结构、力学性能及生物学性能;综合了多孔型BCP陶瓷作为骨组织工程支架材料的研究方向;并展望了组织工程化的BCP支架材料的研究未来。     

微纳米羟基磷灰石及其复合材料研究进展

寻找理想的支架材料是目前骨组织工程研究的热点。羟基磷灰石及其复合材料具有优异的生物性能和力学性能,是一类理想的骨组织工程替代材料。本文从羟基磷灰石的特点、制备科学以及其复合材料的制备科学和性质加以综述。     

生物材料制备新方法--超临界流体技术

虽然超临界流体技术的应用领域越来越广,但是在生物材料研究开发领域中的应用只是近几年的事。结合作者已开展的研究工作,阐述了超临界流体在生物材料加工、缓释控释药物制备、组织工程支架材料的成型以及异种骨移植前处理等方面的一些运用,对超临界流体技术在生物材料中的运用提出了一些新看法。     

Fabrication of hydroxyapatite blended cyclic type polylactic acid and poly (ε-caprolactone) tissue engineering scaffold

The ultimate goal of tissue engineering serves to repair, restore damaged tissue or organ due to accident or disease. In this research, we are aimed at investigating the feasibility of processing cyclic type polylactic acid (PDLLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/hydroxyapatite (HA) biomaterial into tissue engineering scaffold (TES) with variable mechanical properties, well interconnected pore architecture, and controlled hydrophilicity. For this, an in-house built bone scaffold 3D printing (BS3P) system was applied to two biomaterials, namely PDLLA-PCL and HA-PCL. These two biomaterials were produced by optimizing the robotic control system. Morphological investigation by scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed both TES formed by new materials able to show honeycomb-like architectures, excellent fusion at the filament junctions, high uniformity, complete interconnectivity, and controlled channel characteristics of the TES. Compression tests align with the typical behavior of a porous material undergoing deformation. In vitro cell culture study and confocal laser microscopy (CLM) showed enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation. The results demonstrated the eligibility of the BS3P system to produce TES, and the suitability of the new biomaterial scaffolds in enhancing cell biocompatibility.     

Current advances concerning the most cited metal ions doped bioceramics and silicate-based bioactive glasses for bone tissue engineering

Studies related to biomaterials that stimulate the repair of living tissue have increased considerably, improving the quality of many people's lives that require surgery due to traumatic accidents, bone diseases, bone defects, and reconstructions. Among these biomaterials, bioceramics and bioactive glasses (BGs) have proved to be suitable for coating materials, cement, scaffolds, and nanoparticles, once they present good biocompatibility and degradability, able to generate osteoconduction on the surrounding tissue. However, the role of biomaterials in hard tissue engineering is not restricted to a structural replacement or for guiding tissue regeneration. Nowadays, it is expected that biomaterials develop a multifunctional role when implanted, orchestrating the process of tissue regeneration and providing to the body the capacity to heal itself. In this way, the incorporation of specific metal ions in bioceramics and BGs structure, including magnesium, silver, strontium, lithium, copper, iron, zinc, cobalt, and manganese are currently receiving enhanced interest as biomaterials for biomedical applications. When an ion is incorporated into the bioceramic structure, a new category of material is created, which has several unique properties that overcome the disadvantages of primitive material and favors its use in different biomedical applications. The doping can enhance handling properties, angiogenic and osteogenic performance, and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the effect of selected metal ion dopants into bioceramics and silicate-based BGs in bone tissue engineering. Furthermore, new applications for doped bioceramics and BGs are highlighted, including cancer treatment and drug delivery.     

组织工程支架材料的研究进展

组织工程支架材料在组织工程研究中起中心作用，它不仅为特定的细胞提供结构支撑怍用，而且还起到模板作用，引导组织再生和控制组织结构。因此，寻找一种既有良好生物相容性和生物降解性又具有特定形状和连通三维多孔结构的支架材料是组织工程的一个重要方面。本文主要对组织工程中常用支架材料的研究进展进行了综述．并对组织工程支架材料目前存在的问题作了分析以及对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

Biomimetic mineralization of chitosan/gelatin cryogels and in vivo biocompatibility assessments for bone tissue engineering

The objective of this study is to develop biomimetic chitosan: gelatin (CH:Gel) cryogels for bone tissue engineering, combining the biological recognition of natural polymers with the distinguished interconnected porosity of cryogels, and biomimicking properties of bone like hydroxyapatite. The control of the biomineralization process onto biomaterials should be evaluated before clinical application. Therefore, the effect of chitosan and gelatin ratios on the final properties of the cryogels were investigated. FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis indicated that the SBF coating exhibited similar characteristics to hydroxyapatite. The cryogels showed good biocompatibility with L929 mouse fibroblasts. Clinical outcomes and gross pathological examination showed that neither necrosis nor foreign body reaction was noted at the end of implantation. The biomimetically mineralized scaffold was found to be non-irritant and non-toxic for bone tissue. The biological performance and favorable properties demonstrated that the SBF coated CH:Gel cryogel can be a promising biomimetic scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications.     

Biodegradable polymers applied in tissue engineering research: a review

Typical applications and research areas of polymeric biomaterials include tissue replacement, tissue augmentation, tissue support, and drug delivery. In many cases the body needs only the temporary presence of a device/biomaterial, in which instance biodegradable and certain partially biodegradable polymeric materials are better alternatives than biostable ones. Recent treatment concepts based on scaffold‐based tissue engineering principles differ from standard tissue replacement and drug therapies as the engineered tissue aims not only to repair but also regenerate the target tissue. Cells have been cultured outside the body for many years; however, it has only recently become possible for scientists and engineers to grow complex three‐dimensional tissue grafts to meet clinical needs. New generations of scaffolds based on synthetic and natural polymers are being developed and evaluated at a rapid pace, aimed at mimicking the structural characteristics of natural extracellular matrix. This review focuses on scaffolds made of more recently developed synthetic polymers for tissue engineering applications. Currently, the design and fabrication of biodegradable synthetic scaffolds is driven by four material categories: (i) common clinically established polymers, including polyglycolide, polylactides, polycaprolactone; (ii) novel di‐ and tri‐block polymers; (iii) newly synthesized or studied polymeric biomaterials, such as polyorthoester, polyanhydrides, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polypyrroles, poly(ether ester amide)s, elastic shape‐memory polymers; and (iv) biomimetic materials, supramolecular polymers formed by self‐assembly, and matrices presenting distinctive or a variety of biochemical cues. This paper aims to review the latest developments from a scaffold material perspective, mainly pertaining to categories (ii) and (iii) listed above. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Stretchable poly(glycerol-sebacate)/β-tricalcium phosphate composites with shape recovery feature by extrusion

There has been a great interest in research towards elastomers and their composites with an attempt to obtain the desired biological and mechanical response to scaffold materials in bone tissue engineering. Composites made of ceramic-thermoplastic mixtures have been shown success to deliver the inorganic component while fail to provide replacement of an elastic protein, that is, collagen, of the target bone tissue. Thus, in order to match up with the inherent elasticity of the native tissue, it is proposed an alternative to well-known thermoplastic-containing matrices by using a poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS)–beta-tricalcium phosphate elastomeric composite to offer flexibility and mechanical integrity. This study reports for the first time a successful extrusion of PGS containing biodegradable composites with shape-memory feature. The resulting structures are physically and chemically characterized. In vitro cell culture performance of the obtained materials is investigated by using an MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblast cell line. The materials obtained in this study can be shaped into the desired size and various forms via temperature stimuli. Resulting materials have been proposed for craniofacial tissue engineering as a bone filler in which surgeons need to shape biomaterials during the surgical procedure due to the complex geometry of the bones. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48689.     

Albumin-based biomaterial for lung tissue engineering applications

The role of albumin-based biomaterials in tissue engineering (TE) cannot be overemphasized. The authors review the role of albumin in lungs scaffold grafting, which promotes cell seeding. Albumin grafted on decellularized lungs scaffold is presented as a great support material for cell-tissue interaction as well as for ease in attachment, growth, and differentiation when seeded with different types of cells. Albumin scaffold fabrication from different sources is a promising approach that may facilitate medical treatments from bench-to-bed, although the role of this scaffold in lungs surfactant proteins regeneration and binding needs to be fully elucidated.