Biocide polymers

Summary N-Phosphorylated 3(5)-methylpyrazoles, prepared from the antimiorobially active 3(5)-methylpyrazole by acylation with aryl phosphorodichloridates as well as with phosphoryl chloride, respectively, were reversibly linked to poly(vinyl alcohol). By changing the structure of the phosphorus-containing linkage between bioclde and carrier, it is possible to regulate the hydrolytic release of the active agent. Comparative hydrolysis studies demonstrated that the release rates were essentially independent of the degree of substitution of the polymeric carrier.Part 14: M. Hartmann, H.-J. Bauer and K. Wermann, Angew. Makromol. Chem. 135, 1 (1985)We thank Dr. B. Thomas, Sektion Chemie der Technisehen Universität Dresden, for recording and evaluating the ³¹P NMR spectra.     

Biocide polymers, 19. Modification of carboxyl groups containing resins with 3(5)-methylpyrazole

Polymeric inhibitors of nitrification have been prepared by reversible attachment of 3(5)-methylpyrazole to poly(acrylic acid-co-divinylbenzene) and poly(4-vinylbenzoic acid-co-divinylbenzene) containing 86 mol-% and 88 mol-% carboxyl groups, respectively. Pyrazolide bonds between the bioactive agent and crosslinked copolymers were formed by means of aminolysis of reactive derivatives of the resins containing mixed anhydride groups or acid chloride groups. The modified resins had pendantly bound 3(5)-methylpyrazole residues in the range of 7 to 36.4 wt.-% and were subjected to hydrolysis in order to study the influence of crosslinking on the release rate of the active ingredient. The results obtained were discussed.     

Biocide protects against mould and mildew

An antifungal additive that inhibits the growth of mould and mildew on polymer surfaces has been launched by Ciba Specialty Chemicals.This is a short news story only. Visit www.addcomp.com for the latest additives and compounding industry news     

环保型杀菌剂的合成及表征

二溴次氮基丙酰胺(DBNPA)是一种理想的环保型杀菌灭藻剂和水处理剂。通过实验，探索了最佳合成方法．即在H2O2的作用下，使Br2与氰基乙酰胺(CAA)溶液一起加热回流，可制备高产率的二溴次氮基丙酰胺，H2O2的作用是使反应中产生的HBr氧化为Br2而被循环利用。     

工业杀菌防腐剂在造纸工业中的应用

微生物是自然界生态平衡中一个必要的组成环节。由细菌、霉菌、酵母菌和藻类等导致的微生物危害，如材料的腐烂等迫使人们长期以来采用各种方法与微生物的危害进行斗争。杀菌防腐问题一直是产业界和科技界关注的课题。     

欧盟生物杀灭剂法规及市场影响分析

欧盟于2012年6月27日颁布了新的监管法规-BPR法规,其极大提高监管要求,势必将会对相关企业带来巨大的挑战。本文将系统介绍欧盟生物杀灭剂法规体系,阐述旧法规以及新法规对中国市场和企业的影响。     

欧盟杀生剂产品分类、活性成分名单及与农药法规的比较

介绍了欧盟新杀生剂法规实施后,杀生剂的产品分类,涵盖了4组22类产品和批准登记的杀生剂活性成分名单,同时与农药法规进行了比较。     

新型非氧化性杀生剂FA-101的杀生作用

对新型循环冷却水用杀生剂FA 10 1的杀生机理以及杀生性能进行了实验室静态试验 ,讨论了不同浓度和酸碱度对药效的影响 ,药效持续时间与投药浓度的关系 ,并将FA 10 1杀生剂与异噻唑啉酮进行了比较实验。结果表明FA 10 1在 pH为 6 0～ 9 0的范围内均有较好的杀生效果 ,对真菌的杀灭率可保持在 94 %～ 99%。     

聚六亚甲基胍杀菌剂的制备及其在海洋油田中的应用

以己二胺和盐酸胍为原料,合成一种聚六亚甲基胍杀菌剂(BHS-49)。与其他主流杀菌剂进行对比,侧重研究其杀菌能力,BHS-49加注质量浓度30mg/L时,SRB含量最低,平均值为25.5个/mL。在海上油田开展现场试验,结果显示,各级检测点细菌含量明显降低,FPSO缓冲罐出口细菌含量降低至6个/mL。同现场在用杀菌剂BHS-29相比,SRB含量降低76%,满足排放要求。与此同时,杀菌剂BHS-49加注期间,现场流程稳定,各监测点出口水质未出现波动。     

电厂海水冷却系统的加药处理

以广东珠海金湾电厂为例,介绍了次氯酸钠和季铵化合物相结合的杀灭海生物的加药方案,介绍了次氯酸钠的杀菌原理和影响加药效果的因素,也介绍了季铵化合物的杀菌原理和优缺点,对加药过程中出现的问题进行分析,得出只有通过多种途径才能确定最佳的加药方案、从而达到良好的加药效果的结论。     

我国水处理杀生剂的研究开发进展

介绍了我国水处理杀生剂中氧化性杀生剂和非氧化性杀生剂的研究开发进展,并提出了开发高效,低毒,速效,广谱,稳定性强,无副作用的药剂;开发一剂多用的多功能水处理剂;开发有针对性的特效杀生剂等建议。     

海生物杀生剂药效评价试验研究

建立一套电厂海水直流冷却系统的海生物杀生试验装置,考察海生物杀生剂对主要污染生物的杀生性能.模拟试验表明,海生物杀生剂在1 ppm浓度下即可发挥杀灭作用,且在相同加药总量下,长时间低浓度的加药方式对海生物的杀灭效果更佳.     

环保型杀菌剂(DBNPA)的绿色合成

二溴次氮基丙酰胺(DBNPA)是一种环保型杀菌灭藻剂和水处理剂.通过实验,发现了合成它的最佳氧化剂,即在H2O的作用下,Br2与氰基乙酰胺(CAA)溶液一起加热回流。可制备高产率的二溴次氮基丙酰胺，H2O2的作用是使反应中产生的HBr氧化为Br2而被循环利用。同时，还对合成工艺及污染控制技术进行了研究，找到了最佳的反应条件，使DBNPA的产率达95％以上。并且控制了污染问题，基本无三废排放，为实现DBNPA的绿色生产技术，提供了参考依据。     

尼龙树脂高分子季铵盐的制备及其不溶性杀菌灭菌活性

尼龙6用4-溴丁酰氯活化,再与高分子聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)在有机溶剂中进行反应,使PEI共价接枝在载体上,然后用卤代烷对接枝在尼龙6上的PEI进行烷基化反应,使其形成具有杀菌功能的高分子季铵盐,制备出尼龙树脂固定化的高分子抗菌杀生剂。高分子抗菌杀生剂的抗菌灭藻性能的检测结果表明,作用30min对贵阳市雅河水中的异养菌、氨化细菌、反硝化细菌、亚硝化细菌的杀菌率在90%以上,真菌、硫酸盐还原菌的杀菌率在85%以上;对黑曲霉的杀菌率在84%,其作用24h可将小球藻基本杀灭。     

Studies on Biocide Free and Biocide Loaded Zeolite Hybrid Polymer Coatings on Zinc Phosphated Mild Steel for the Protection of Ships Hulls from Biofouling and Corrosion

Biocide free and biocide loaded Zeolite epoxy coatings were formulated and covalently linked to diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A type epoxy resin which acts as a base material. These formulations were applied over the zinc phosphated mild steel specimens by a brushing method to give a thickness of 200 ± 10 μm. The effect of biocide on the corrosion and fouling resistance properties were evaluated by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), polarization, electrochemical impedance and antifouling testing. The experimental evidence reveals that the linkage of biocide loaded Nano Zeolite has tremendous potential in resisting corrosion and fouling which is ideally required for marine environments and quite superior to the biocide free Zeolite coating. The purity and the structure of these coatings were examined by an FTIR spectral study.     

Effects Of Ozone As A Biocide In An Experimental Cooling Water System

Experimental work on a laboratory recirculating apparatus, for the simulation of a cooling water system has yielded information on the effectiveness of ozone as a biocide for biofouling control. Biofilms were developed within glass tubes of the simulated cooling water system using filtered mainswater and Pseudomonas fluorescens as the test bacteria. A summary of the results obtained is presented and an interpretation of these results relating to the full-scale application of ozone is provided.

Ozonated water was produced using a contact system specifically designed for these tests by Ozotech Ltd. Ozone residual concentrations in the order of 0.1 mg/L were found to be capable of removing 80-99% of the biofilm in single applications. However, effectiveness of ozone was dependent on morphology, thickness and age of the biofilms. Intermittent application of ozone, using residual concentrations < 0.1 mg/L, was found to be capable of weakening the biofilm, but a minimum period of 3-h was required for effective control.

The fluid velocity was found to affect the rate and amount of biofilm removed. The effects of fluid velocities in the range 0.5-2.5 m/sec were examined. In general, the higher the velocity the greater the initial rate of removal and the percentage of the biofilm removed; this suggested that ozone action was mass transfer dependent.

The effect of ozone on bacterial cell structure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy techniques. Changes in cell structure were revealed after contact with ozone and residuals above 0.4 mg/L were required for 100% kill of bacterial suspensions.

In conclusion, the effectiveness of ozone for full-scale application will vary depending on the morphology of the biofilm, the velocity of the fluid and the ozone dose applied. An ozone dosing regime for commercial application is suggested.     

防污涂料的环境风险评估与杀生剂释放率分析

介绍了有关防污涂料的环境风险评估的基本情况,以及目前采用的用于防污涂料中的杀生剂释放率的分析方法——旋转柱体实验方法与杀生剂物质恒定的计算方法,并将两种方法的特点进行了对比。结果表明,物质恒定的计算方法体现出对于环境风险评估的适用性。     

GD-423杀菌灭藻剂在循环冷却水系统中的应用

GD-423是以TCMTB为主成分的新型杀菌灭藻剂,该杀菌剂对循环冷却水中的铁细菌、亚硝化菌,真菌特别有效。使用结果表明：GD-423具有杀生速度快,杀菌、灭藻及剥离粘泥效果好的特点,值得推广。