基于Cu50的精确温度测量系统

在基于热电阻的温度测量过程中,由于元器件差异和漂移的影响,会大大降低温度测量准确度;针对这一问题,提出了一种自校正技术的4电阻测量法,通过比较4组测量信号的相对大小来求得被测热电阻的电阻值,进而计算出温度值;该方法的优点是可以抵消测量电路中漂移和元器件差异的影响,从而实现在不同的温度环境下的高精度的温度测量;通过计量炉的实测的数据比较,测量误差小于0.063℃,表明了该方法的有效性和正确性。     

测量仪表的多机通讯

本文介绍了计算机与多台LED测量仪的多机通讯方法，设计了通讯接口电路，设置了多台测量仪通讯的口令，可以比较好地实现测量仪之间、测量仪与计算机之间的正常通讯，以及数据传送。最后将测量仪的测量数据保存在计算机的硬盘上。     

市电参数测量仪的设计

为了实现市电质量监测并降低测量成本,以STC12C5A60S2微处理器为控制核心,利用电压有效值转换芯片等器件,设计了一款市电参数测量仪,对频率、电压有效值及失真度进行测量;基于测周法实现50 Hz频率的测量,通过一块电压有效值转换芯片测量总电压有效值与谐波电压有效值,实现市电电压的测量,并通过计算获得失真度值;实验结果表明,该测量仪测量精度较高,频率测量误差小于0.1%,电压有效值测量误差控制在1%以内,失真度测量误差小于5%;该测量仪结构简单、性能稳定,可应用于电能质量监测系统。     

多路温度测量中热电阻的非线性及引线电阻的补偿方法

热电阻温度测量中，热电阻的非线性、不平衡电桥的非线性性及连线电阻都会给测量带来误差，多路测量中模拟多路开关的应用也会给测量造成不良影响，本文通过恒流源及模拟多路开关的合理应用克服了上述误差，在某测量仪表中实现了高精度的16路温度测量。     

高精度分体式超声波温度测量仪研究

传统的温度测量仪在较宽的测量范围内无法保证稳定的高精度测量,针对此种不足,设计了一种高精度分体式多声道超声波温度测量仪.该温度测量仪利用超声波测温技术,以被测物体作为传播媒介,在传播距离确定的条件下,通过测得超声波在介质中的传播时间间接测得介质的温度.分体式多声道的结构设计使温度测量准确有效,同时降低了传感器材质在耐高温、耐腐蚀方面的限制要求.基于FPGA的快速处理电路以及细分插补算法,使传播时间的测量分辨率优于纳秒级,确保实现分辨率优于0.001℃的高精度温度测量.     

原油储罐油水界面监测与分析系统的开发及应用

现阶段我国多数油田选油站原油储罐油水界面监测部分处于人工阶段,部分借助仪表实现信息化,但存在测量误差较大,兼容性差,用户界面交互复杂等问题,由此设计并开发一套全新的原油储罐油水界面监测与分析系统;该系统采用三层结构设计;硬件测量层借助双液位测量仪采集温度和矩阵点数据;数据通信层采用MODBUS_RTU协议通过串口通信传递数据信息;统计分析层进行数据存储并对数据进行分析统计,得出报表、图表和报警信息等;应用实践表明,该系统易于部署,运行稳定,可靠性强,操作简便,对提高油田管理水平和生产效率有很大的帮助。     

全数字化温湿度测量技术及仪器研制

针对现有温湿度测量仪整机性能不高、智能化功能单一的不足,提出了一种适于环境大气温湿度在线监测的全数字化测量方案并进行了仪器实现.该测量仪由数字化微型智能传感器、下位机和PC机测量软件组成.系统中无A/D转换单元;具有测量精度高、接口简单、无需标定、大容量数据存储的特点和多点位测量、巡回显示、数据掉电保护、自动时钟和与PC机通讯等多项智能化功能.     

PC104在改进型液体闪烁测量仪中的应用

该文介绍了一种以PC104模块为核心,以WIN98操作系统为平台,使用VB6.0开发的数据采集和控制系统,该系统成功地应用于改进型闪烁测量仪中,使该测量仪能够对多个样品实现多种测量方式,如延时测量、定时测量和重复测量等,并能对采集的数据进行显示、存储和分析。文中详细叙述仪器的结构组成,软硬设计和实现方法,并指出了设计中关键技术。实战证明该改进型液体测量仪具有操作简单、自动化程度高和性能可靠的优点。     

高精度传动链测量仪的研制

现有传动链测量仪检测精度较低,已远不能满足高精度齿轮箱的检测需求。为解决这一问题,研发了一种高精度传动链测量仪。该测量仪集先进的控制理论和高精度的测量技术于一体,通过采用基于计算机的运动控制模块和数据采集模块,直接控制外围硬件设备;同时将外围硬件设备的数据采集到计算机中进行处理,实现了传动链的智能化测量。该仪器可广泛应用于各种齿轮箱的精度检测,特别适合检测高精度的雷达天线转台齿轮箱。     

基于ARM的人体脂肪测量仪的设计

为解决传统的人体脂肪测量仪只测量人体的全身阻抗,不能反映人体各个部位的脂肪分布情况的问题,提出了人体阻抗分布模型和分段阻抗计算公式,进而测量人体不同部位的脂肪含量的方法,并设计完成了一种基于ARM处理器的人体脂肪测量仪;该仪器以ARM处理器S3C2410为核心,外扩激励信号源、信号采集和处理、放大电路及整流滤波等电路,在嵌入式linux操作系统下实现了对人体脂肪的测量和分析;实验结果表明,该仪器比传统的人体脂肪测量仪检测精度高,能反映人体脂肪分布状况。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.