一种非侵入的GUI自动化测试系统设计

针对嵌入式GUI软件自动化测试,提出一种非侵入的GUI自动化测试系统设计方案,能够使用Python格式的测试脚本灵活描述测试用例的执行步骤,能够自动化执行测试脚本;系统将人机交互步骤转成鼠标键盘模拟设备的控制命令,实现对被测软件鼠标键盘的控制,从而输入需要的人机交互信息,实现测试用例的自动执行;同时以不干扰被测系统为原则,直接采集被测系统输出到显示器中的视频数据,通过对图像数据的处理进行图像对比、图像查找和文字识别,根据测试用例预期输出自动判断用例的执行结果;该测试系统解决了嵌入式软件GUI自动化测试的难题,提高了测试效率。     

基于Python语言的GUI自动化测试脚本技术研究

针对嵌入式软件GUI自动化测试平台的开发设计,本文研究了Python测试脚本扩展嵌入技术,针对GUI软件测试行为扩展了测试函数,采用开源库Boost.Python将Python解析器嵌入GUI自动化测试平台软件中;在此基础上,描述了用例要素与脚本要素的对应关系,并且针对不同类型的扩展测试函数提出了基于关键字索引和图像建模的脚本函数自动生成技术方案;描述了Python测试脚本的调度执行原理,通过Python测试脚本执行实现GUI软件自动化测试。     

面向船舶软件的仿真测试平台研究

软件仿真测试是嵌入式软件黑盒测试领域行之有效且具有广泛应用前景的方法,为解决船舶软件利用仿真测试环境进行自动化测试问题,文中分析了舰船作战指挥控制系统中的嵌入式软件的交联环境,研究了软件测试交联环境协同管理技术;利用将测试模型转化为XML文件并解析驱动的方法实现测试用例的自动执行;对仿真测试中数据类别分析,提出了测试数据的自动收集与分析技术.设计并开发了舰船嵌入式软件仿真测试系统,有效提高了船舶软件测试效率和测试准确性.     

舰船嵌入式软件测试用例自动驱动研究

针对舰船嵌入式软件手动测试的弊端,首先从业务逻辑、接口类型等方面总结了舰船嵌入式软件的特点,从测试用例的建模、形式化转换以及用例的解析3个方面提出了测试用例自动驱动方案,在此基础上,根据舰船嵌入式软件的业务逻辑,研究了测试用例建模方法,包括测试用例数据模型、行为模型和测试用例模型特性,给出了测试用例自动驱动方法,并且以上述方法为基础对测试用例自动驱动平台进行了设计,给出了平台硬件组成和软件设计方案;最后,利用测试用例驱动平台对某软件进行了测试应用验证,验证结果表明利用测试用例驱动平台可以显著提高测试效率。     

一种基于事件处理函数的GUI测试方法

事件处理函数响应用户GUI(graphic user interface)操作并完成软件预定义功能,事件处理函数以及事件处理函数之间的关系实现是否与规约一致,是GUI 测试的重点.针对现有的基于模型GUI 测试用例自动生成过程中面临的测试用例规模庞大以及生成的测试用例无效问题,从分析事件处理函数的角度出发,提出了一种GUI 测试模型EHG.针对此模型,结合事件处理函数及其代码结构,提出了两个测试覆盖准则：完整最短路径覆盖准则和完整最短路径定义-引用对覆盖准则;利用基于反馈的测试用例生成技术生成测试用例.实验结果表明,针对较为复杂的应用,该方法不仅能够有效控制测试用例规模,消除无效测试用例,而且生成的测试用例能有效提高事件处理函数的代码结构覆盖率.     

用于GUI软件的测试工具

为提高GUI软件测试的效率、降低软件成本,提出一种针对GUI软件的测试工具.该工具由测试配置设定模块、测试用例设计模块和测试用例执行模块组成.首先根据测试需求进行测试配置设定生成INI文件,然后根据INI文件内容将测试对象窗体中需要测试的控件及属性设定到测试用例设计界面中,在界面中进行测试用例设计,并将设计数据保存到XML文件中,测试用例执行模块通过读取XML文件中的数据完成测试用例的自动执行,同时进行测试结果判断,最后生成测试报告.测试人员只需输入数据,不用编写测试脚就能实现测试用例的自动执行,能减轻测试人员负担,提高软件测试效率.     

基于事件流图的GUI自动化测试系统的开发

针对目前GUI自动化测试方法中存在着一定程度的手工依赖性以及对测试用例和测试覆盖率缺乏系统管理等问题,本文结合Microsoft UI Automation框架开发了一个基于事件流图的GUI自动化测试系统。该系统先对被测标准GUI进行逆向工程以得到GUI的事件流图和期望的结果,然后分别采用基于蚁群算法的日常冒烟测试用例生成算法和基于宽度优
先搜索的深度回归测试用例生成算法生成测试用例,并用这些生成的测试用例来测试新的GUI。测试结果表明,该GUI自动化测试模型是切实可用的,为在Windows环境下提高GUI测试的自动化程度提供了一种更为有效的途径。     

基于事件流图的用户界面测试优化

针对目前用户图形界面(GUI)自动化测试对于代码和开发语言的依赖,以及捕捉/回放工具中存在的手工依赖和对测试用例测试覆盖率缺乏系统管理的问题,基于事件流图理论,提出了不依赖于代码静态分析的GUI自动化测试方法。在没有程序代码的前提下,利用WinRunner工具通过鼠标动作获得GUI组件,利用自行开发的工具自动分析GUI窗口层次,定义事件属性和测试用例生成规则,自动生成了完备测试用例集,并通过实例验证了方法的有效性。     

软件回归测试中的自动测试生成方法

软件回归测试一般使用现有的测试用例集进行测试,如何有效利用这些用例成为回归测试的关键。研究自动对现有测试用例集的扩展,包括自动改变测试用例的执行顺序、自动进行测试用例数目的增减等,提出基于现有测试用例随机生成新的测试用例集的方法。实验证明,该方法生成的测试文件能在原有环境下成功执行,能实现自动测试范围的扩大或缩小,以及测试时间的增加或减少,为软件回归测试提供了有用的自动化工具。     

影响GUI测试性能的两个因素:测试用例及测试预测

GUI测试在软件开发和测试中具有重要的地位.GUI自动化测试的实际应用强调了测试的成本和效率.在GUI测试中,测试用例和测试预测是两个与图形用户界面测试性能相关的主要因素.根据GUI的事件流图,事件关联图等特性,通过分析GUI事件的代码复杂度,将事件分配到各个长度不同的测试用例中,并定义测试预测的级别.通过实例,研究测试用例和测试预测对于图形用户界面测试性能的影响,从而为进一步完善GUI测试框架提供了依据.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.