嵌入式系统软件远程在线升级的研究与实现

介绍了基于Internet通信方式的嵌入式系统软件远程在线升级的实现方案,其中详细介绍了软硬件实现原理、相关嵌入式软件及升级应用软件的设计。通过对嵌入式系统软件升级流程的分析,提出了一种简便、实用、可靠的软件升级服务器与嵌入式系统交互的新方法,包括对嵌入式系统代码区域的处理等。该实现方案可在计算机测控系统和工业控制设备的嵌入式系统中推广应用。     

面向电压监测终端的远程升级加密通讯方法

随着智能终端应用的日益增长和对其功能需求的不断提高,需要对嵌入式软件进行远程在应用升级。针对电压监测终端远程在线升级的安全性,从前的升级只考虑实现升级功能,而忽视升级效率和安全性,造成升级软件易被第三方窃取等问题,提出了一种在线升级加密通讯方法,通过对电压监测系统的架构、通讯规约、文件结构及加密方法等进行了分析和研究,采用断点续传、Fibonacci矩阵和Diffie-Hellman密钥交换等方法,既保证了升级操作的升级效率,又实现了安全性,容错性。实践结果表明,此种升级加密通讯方法,提高了终端的升级效率和安全。     

基于ISO15765协议的嵌入式系统升级

CAN分布式系统内节点应用软件升级代价高,针对此进行了研究,论述一种将ISO15765协议诊断服务功能运用于CAN总线之上,利用具有Cortex-M3内核的节点微控制器STM32F103VET6集成功能模块和在线应用编程技术(In Application Programming,IAP)。研究实现了嵌入式软件在线升级方案,实验证明该方案操作便捷,可靠性和稳定性好,对其他运用在无线网络中的嵌入式应用软件远程升级有参考意义。     

基于TrueFFS的VxWorks映像在线升级设计与实现

针对嵌入式系统传统升级方法的不足,提出一种基于TrueFFS的嵌入式系统在线升级解决方案,实现了不需仿真器而直接通过网络在线升级VxWorks映像的功能。首先描述该方案的总体框架和工作原理;接着讨论实现该方案所要解决的关键技术;最后通过实例介绍该方案的技术实现过程。目前该方案已成功应用在项目中并取得满意的效果。     

基于框架的开放式机载电子战嵌入式软件设计

当前机载电子战嵌入式软件复杂度和安全性越来越高,传统结构化程序设计方法已不能适应当前机载嵌入式软件研发的需求,为此提出了一种基于框架技术的开放式机载电子战嵌入式软件设计方法;该方法重点阐述了机载电子战嵌入式软件的开放式架构设计、软件框架的设计决策、软件构件接口抽象与实现要点,并基于软件框架对典型的机载电子战管理控制和信号处理软件进行了示例设计;该方法统一和规范了机载电子战嵌入式应用软件的体系结构,使得电子战系统软件架构具备开放式软件架构特征,提升了软件质量的同时使得软件开发人员聚焦应用开发,有效提升了机载电子战嵌入式软件研发效率,使得电子战系统具备快速迭代升级能力。     

嵌入式设备在线系统升级的设计与实现

设计并实现了基于S3C2440A芯片的嵌入式设备在线系统升级的方法.对在线系统升级的功能用途和系统结构进行了研究,重点介绍了比较独特的升级入口设计方法,借此分析了如何实现在线地系统升级.阐述了系统驱动层的上位机端USB驱动接口和下位机端的NORFLASH驱动及较有难度的USB设备驱动的实现方法.通过描述在线升级过程的具体逻辑流程,阐述了系统功能层的两端私有交互协议的一种可靠的设计方法,分析了系统实际应用时出色的升级速度和升级成功率.     

基于WiFi的车载终端远程软件升级方法

为克服车载嵌入式设备难以集中回收进行软件升级的缺点,提出了一种基于WiFi通信的远程软件升级方法。该方法对微控制器FLASH存储空间进行有效分配,设计IAP功能,利用WiFi通信接口采用TFTP协议下载新软件到FLASH,实现嵌入式软件在线升级。给出了升级方法的详细设计和程序流程,升级速度快,受环境影响小。该方法可应用于移动分布式嵌入式设备中。     

嵌入式软件故障自动安全升级技术研究

嵌入式软件空中升级(OTA)时,需要升级包具备完整性、安全性和容错机制。本文研究了一系列嵌入式软件故障自动安全升级和在线评估技术,设计了安全回卷机制,设置了多重“阻隔点”,确保升级失败时能够安全恢复上一版本并通过硬件看门狗防止死锁;提出基于局部软件安全签名的升级包“合法性”验证技术;设置“防火墙”机制以保证核心数据区安全;“沙盒”运行模式,通过“试运行”验证可升级模块的安全性。     

应用以太网总线的嵌入式软件远程升级系统设计及实现

针对嵌入式软件升级过程复杂、维护成本高等问题,应用以太网总线设计嵌入式软件远程升级系统,可以在不拆卸硬件设备的情况下实现软件的远程升级。对远程升级系统的总体方案及通信协议进行介绍,对上位机软件及下位机软件的设计方案进行描述。设计中通过指令-回令确认、三次重传、有限状态机及分区存储等机制提高系统的可靠性。实验结果表明,基于以太网总线的嵌入式软件系统功能、性能及可靠性满足设计要求,具有一定的通用性,可以推广到其他嵌入式软件的远程升级中。     

NAND Flash上均匀损耗与掉电恢复在线测试

NAND Flash以其大容量、低价格等优势迅速成为嵌入式系统存储的新宠,因此其上的文件系统研究也日益广泛.本文简要介绍了常用的NAND Flash文件系统YAFFS,并针对YAFFS在均匀损耗和掉电恢复方面进行在线测试.在给出测试结果的同时,着重研究嵌入式软件测试方案和方法;对测试结果进行分析,并提出改进方案和适用环境.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.