基于粒子群神经网络的期货价格预测

目前在对中国期货市场进行价格预测时,采用神经网络预测时多用的是BP神经网络,但是BP神经网络存在对初始权阁值敏感、易陷入局部极值和收敛速度慢的问题.因此,为了提高模型效率,提出采用PSO-BP模型预测期货价格.首先运用粒子群算法代替BP神经网络的初始寻优,再用BP算法对优化的网络权闽值进一步精确优化,随后建立了基于粒子群算法的BP神经网络预测模型,并将其应用到中国期货市场的期货价格预测研究中.仿真结果表明,新模型结合了粒子群算法的全局寻优能力和BP神经网络算法的局部搜索优势,有效的防止了网络陷入局部极小值的可能,提高了神经网络模型预测的速度和准确性.     

基于粒子群算法和神经网络的人脸识别分类器研究

针对BP神经网络作为人脸识别分类器具有的收敛速度慢、易陷入局部极小等缺点,提出利用改进的粒子群优化算法(PSO)改善BP网络训练的方法,建立种基于改进的PSO-BP神经网络,更合理有效地确定神经网络的连接权值和阈值,将其应用到人脸识别系统中的分类环节中,并与单独使用BP神经网络分类的结果相比较,实验表明,该方法识别速度...     

AFSA＋PSO混合算法在BP网络故障诊断中的应用

提出一种基于人工鱼群算法和粒子群算法混合训练BP网络的故障诊断系统.采用人工鱼群算法和粒子群算法结合算法训练神经网络权值,局部搜索速度快且保证全局收敛,有效克服了传统的BP神经网络收敛速度慢且容易陷入局部极值的缺点.将该网络用于齿轮箱故障诊断,并与传统BP模型用于故障诊断结果进行了比较,取得了较好的效果.     

基于粒子群与BP混合算法的神经网络学习方法

针对标准BP算法收敛速度慢及易陷入局部极值等问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化与BP混合算法的神经网络学习方法。该方法在网络的训练过程中,同时利用粒子群算法与BP算法进行最优网络权值的搜索,从而既充分利用了粒子群算法的全局搜索性又较好地保持了BP算法本身的反向传播特点。将该混合学习算法应用于复杂函数的拟合仿真,并与标准BP算法以及传统的粒子群优化BP神经网络学习算法进行比较。实验结果表明所提的混合学习算法具有较高的收敛精度,且收敛速度更快。     

一种改进的粒子群算法在BP网络中的应用研究

采用Sigmoid激活函数的三层前向神经网络能够以任意精度模拟复杂的非线性关系,训练算法对神经网络模式分类的性能有较大影响。基于梯度下降的BP网络存在收敛速度慢、易陷入局部极小的缺陷。粒子群算法是一种全局优化算法。本文针对粒子群算法本身存在的不足加以改进,用改进后的粒子群算法对BP网络进行训练,从而克服BP网络的一些缺陷。采用IRIS分类问题验证了本文提出的方法的有效性。实验结果表明本文采用的方法比普通PSO-BP算法效果更好。     

基于PSO的BP神经网络学习算法

针对标准反向传播(BP)算法收敛速度慢和易陷入局部极值等缺陷,提出一种基于粒子群优化的BP神经网络学习算法。采用标准BP梯度下降法调整权值,利用粒子群优化算法进行网络权值及阈值的修正。将该算法与标准BP算法及传统基于粒子群优化BP网络算法进行仿真比较。实验结果表明,该算法能够克服标准BP算法的缺点,性能优于其他2个BP网络优化模型。     

改进PSO-BP算法在飞机剩余油量测量中的应用

针对飞机在飞行时油箱因受震动引起油面起伏不平,导致原有静止状态时的计算模型产生较大测量误差,提出采用BP神经网络的预测飞机剩余油量;但由于BP神经网络存在学习效率低、收敛速度慢和易陷入局部极小等局限,采用改进粒子群算法优化BP神经网络的训练;将改进PSO-BP算法用于飞机剩余油量的测量,实验结果表明,与传统BP学习算法比较,改进PSO-BP算法具有训练时间短,相对误差小,控制精度高等优点,有效地提高了油量测量的精度。     

基于粒子群优化的BP神经网络图像复原方法

针对BP神经网络易陷入局部最小、收敛速度慢的问题,研究了基于粒子群优化的学习算法,给出了具体的算法方案设计,并将其应用于图像复原。首先用高斯噪声对无噪图像进行模糊处理;然后将结果和原图像组成训练对,用于训练优化后的神经网络;最后利用训练好的神经网络对测试图像进行复原,从而达到去除噪声的目的。仿真结果表明,与BP神经网络相比,PSO-BP算法收敛速度快,迭代次数少,复原的图像在归一化均方误差（NMSE）和峰值信噪比（PSNR）的效果更好。     

基于粒子群优化与BP算法的协同神经网络学习方法

针对标准BP算法易陷入局部极值及收敛速度慢等问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化与BP算法的协同神经网络学习方法。该方法在网络的学习过程中,同时利用PSO优化算法与BP算法进行最优网络权值的协同搜索,从而充分利用粒子群算法的全局搜索性及BP算法的反向传播特点。将该算法应用于4个复杂函数的拟合仿真,并与标准BP算法以及传统的粒子群优化BP神经网络算法进行比较。实验结果表明所提的协同算法的性能优于传统的BP网络优化算法。     

基于PSO-BP神经网络的股市预测模型

为解决股市短期预测中BP神经网络法对初始权值敏感、易陷入局部极小值和收敛速度慢等问题,基于全局随机优化思想的粒子群优化(PSO)算法,对BP神经网络的初始权值进行了优化,建立了PSO-BP神经网络股市预测模型.并通过实例分析与传统BP神经网络预测法进行对比,结果表明该方法收敛速度明显提高,有效降低了训练误差,避免了陷入局部极小值,达到了较高的预测精度,在股市短期预测中具一定的实用价值.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.