基于PID算法的输电线路无人机巡检路径智能自动规划技术

为降低定位误差，规避复杂环境造成的巡检风险，研究基于PID算法的输电线路无人机巡检路径智能自动规划技术。采用RTK定位技术，采集了输电线路无人机巡检标志点位置信息，利用路径生成方法，模拟无人机从起始点到目标点的最优几何路径，创建无人机高度和姿态直接受PID参数控制的动力学模型，运用基于PID算法的路径规划跟踪控制器，控制无人机按照最优路径飞行到目标点，实现了输电线路无人机巡检路径智能自动规划。实验结果表明：待巡检标志点定位误差始终低于0.25×10^-4;该技术规划的输电线路无人机巡检路径较短，能有效规避复杂环境造成的巡检风险。     

全电压等级无人机高空巡检自主导航线路切换技术研究

针对无人机巡检电压等级较高的输电线路时,可能会因杆塔整体结构过于复杂导致导航线路混乱无法有效完成巡检工作的问题,研究全电压等级无人机高空巡检自主导航线路切换技术。将无人机导航线路规划问题转换为蚁群确定最优或次优路径问题,利用信息素挥发因子动态自适应调整规则,改善蚁群算法易出现局部最优以及较慢收敛的情况,完成导航线路规划。基于规划结果,采用自抗扰控制算法,设计包含微分器、扰动估计补偿等设备的自抗扰控制器,通过控制器调整航向角方向,实现导航线路切换控制。实验结果表明,所研究技术能够通过不同航向角度切换,完成输电线路高空巡检目的,且航线规划效率满足无人机高空巡检自主导航线路切换的实时性要求。     

基于智能图像识别的无人机电力线路安全巡检方法

为了解决无人机电力线路巡检过程中安全性指标偏低问题,降低了无人机电力线路巡检效率,因此提出基于智能图像识别设计新的无人机电力线路安全巡检方法。采集无人机电力线路安全巡检图像并加以滤波处理,基于智能图像识别技术设计无人机线路巡检识别算法,采用最优全局概率搜索遗传算法规划无人机电力线路安全巡检路径,实现了无人机电力线路安全巡检。结果表明,设计的无人机电力线路安全巡检方法的巡检安全性指标较高,证明设计的无人机电力线路安全巡检方法的巡检效果较好,具有可靠性,具有一定的应用价值。     

输电线路无人机自主巡检方法研究与应用

为了解决输电线路无人机巡检作业易受恶劣天气影响、远距离遥控不及时、通信稳定性差等问题,提出了一种输电线路无人机自主巡检方法.首先,利用卡尔曼滤波算滤除原始线路中的轨迹噪点,采用垂距法对轨迹冗余点进行过滤,优化巡检航线;其次,提出基于巡检对象差异特性的动态优化定位方法提升无人机巡检质量.以某220 kV输电线路杆塔进行测试,测试结果表明,提出的方法解决了航线采集以及定位优化问题,贯穿航线学习到自主巡检的流程之中,兼顾了无人机自主巡检效率以及巡检精确度.     

输电线路无人机自动巡检系统不间断作业实时监控方法

针对输电线路无人机自动巡检信息冗杂,数据噪声较大,海量数据传输难以完整传输的问题,提出了一种输电线路无人机自动巡检系统不间断作业实时监控方法,保障输电线路不间断作业。构建输电线路不间断作业监控架构,利用无人机自动巡检系统的无人机飞行器实时采集输电线路图像信息,经无线传输模块传输至地面站存储;输电线路不间断作业监控模块调用采集到的数据,采用非局部均值滤波算法去噪处理输电线路图像,将去噪后图像输入至卷积神经网络,优化检测异常输电线路图像,并利用粗定位算法定位异常点,便于巡检人员实时修复输电线路,实时监控输电线路不间断作业。实验结果表明,所提方法能够清晰、直观地检测到输电线路异常点,实时监控输电线路不间断作业;拥有较为优秀的去噪效果,为后期高效、实时检测输电线路异常点提供保障;信息传输性能突出,保证海量数据传输具有极高的完整性。     

基于RTK定位技术的输电线路无人机自主巡检方法

为了提高无人机在输电线路巡检作业中的定位精度,保障无人机按照预设巡检线路进行自主巡检,提出基于RTK定位技术的输电线路无人机自主巡检方法。采用基于RTK定位技术获取输电线路无人机的动态位置,基于无人机动力学模型识别无人机姿态信息,结合串级模糊PID控制器控制无人机的作业姿态按照巡检路线巡检,实现输电线路无人机自主巡检。实验结果表明,所提方法能高精度定位无人机位置,定位误差控制在1 cm之内,并且俯仰角都可在1 s内抵达理想值,可有效控制无人机准确按照预设巡检线路完成自主巡检,避障效果较好。     

输电线路多旋翼无人机自动驾驶智能巡检系统

针对日益繁重的输电线路巡视工作以及输电专业无人机巡视方面难度大、风险高、自动化程度低等问题,本文提出了一种输电线路多旋翼无人机自动驾驶智能巡检系统及方法,结合人工智能图像识别技术实现了机巡数据的智能处理,建立了输电线路自动智能巡检作业的新模式.本文重点介绍了巡检系统的结构、功能及关键技术,通过佛山地区输电线路巡视的应用实践,该系统大大提高了电网巡检效率,证明了其有效性和合理性.     

基于动态超分辨率的输电线路部件检测方法

在无人机输电线路巡检过程中,由于部分输电线路部件较小,而且无人机搭载的相机像素有一定限制,同时必须与输电线路保持一定的安全距离,导致拍摄的图像的分辨率较低、目标较小.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于动态超分辨率的输电线路部件检测方法,将超分网络引入到输电线路巡检过程中.实验结果表明,该方法对输电线路低分辨率输入图像和小目标...     

混合ACA-SA算法的无人机巡检电塔路径优化方法

无人机巡检成本低、效率高,正逐渐取代传统人工巡检方式,成为目前输电线路智能巡检的主要手段。然而输电铁塔结构复杂、巡检部位多,且单一的启发式算法规划的飞行路径收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优。针对以上问题,提出一种基于混合蚁群-模拟退火(ACA-SA)算法的输电铁塔巡检三维路径优化方法,该方法以110 kV耐张塔的三维模型为算例,根据电力行业标准建立电塔安全巡检面和动态标定26个巡检点,并在ACA计算进入停滞状态时,利用SA算法前期高温时的突跳特性避免陷入局部最优,通过改变信息素分布,指导蚁群寻找最短路径。将混合ACA-SA算法与ACA、SA算法进行对比,实验显示混合ACA-SA算法在收敛速度和最短距离上分别提高了14.43%和9.64%,与传统遗传算法相比在收敛速度和最短距离上分别提高了47.13%和1.13%,从而提高无人机巡检效率。     

高压输电线路中无人机电力巡检技术的应用

做好高压输电线路的巡检维护,对保证持续供电和维护企业利益有重要影响。使用无人机代替人工完成高压输电线路的巡检任务,在保障人员安全、提高检修效果、降低运维成本等方面具有诸多优势。本文首先介绍了无人机巡检的突出优势和使用到的核心技术,随后以某500 kV高压输电线路的雷击故障为例,使用多旋翼无人机开展巡检,最终确定了故障类型、故障位置。最后分析了无人机巡检技术的发展前景,为供电公司引进和应用无人机先进技术,更好地支持无人机巡检作业的开展提供了借鉴。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.