乳状液膜法内水相制备结晶碳酸钇

用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－ＬＭＳ－２磺化煤油乳状液膜体系，在乳状液膜内水相直接制备结晶碳酸钇，讨论了外水相酸度，内水相试剂浓度，盐析剂浓度，外水相中钇的浓度以及载件浓度，表面活性剂浓度对结晶的影响，找到了制备结晶碳酸钇的最佳条件，在最佳条件下得到的结晶碳酸钇，经灼烧转化的氧化钇含量大于９９．９％，回收率为９０％以上。     

乳状液膜提取稀土的传质模型研究（Ⅱ）

建立的乳状液膜体系中，稀土离子由内水相向外水相迁移的传质模型，探讨了该液膜体系的传质机理。实验结果表明，本文模型准确地描述了液膜体系的传质行为，扩散经发在内水相边界层和膜相的扩散阻力 主要的传质阻力。     

乳状液膜提取稀土的传质模型研究（Ⅲ）

建立的乳状液膜体系中，稀土离子由内水相向外水相迁移的传质模型，探讨了该液膜体系的传质机理．实验结果表明，本文模型准确地描述了液膜体系的传质行为，扩散组分在内水相边界层和膜相的扩散阻力是主要的传质阻力     

乳状液膜法处理苯胺类染化废水

采用非流动载体乳状液膜法处理高碱性舍氨和苯胺类化合物的染化废水。考察了表面活性剂种类和浓度、内水相硫酸浓度、外水相pH等对迁移率的影响。实验表明，当采用2％LMA—1煤油溶液为油膜相和2mol／L硫酸溶液为内水相时，经过二级液膜提取分离，含有5000mg／L氨和600mg／L苯胺类化合物的高碱性染化废水中氨和苯胺类物质的迁移率可达98％以上。     

手性配体交换乳状液膜选择性萃取扁桃酸对映体

基于手性配体交换反应,研究了在含有N-n-十二烷基-L-羟基脯氨酸和铜离子的配合物为手性配体的乳状液膜体系中选择性萃取扁桃酸对映体.考察了扁桃酸外消旋体浓度,手性萃取方向,有机溶剂和表面活性剂配比,从外水相到内水相pH值的梯度变化以及外水相的pH值变化对选择性萃取性能的影响,从而确定了合适的选择性萃取条件.     

内水相结构对微球包封率及控释行为的影响

采用水-油-水双乳化溶剂挥发法制备了聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)/氧氟沙星载药微球,并考察了介孔硅、透明质酸、多聚赖氨酸不同内水相成分对微球粒径及其分布、表面形态、包封率以及释放特性的影响。研究结果表明,采用该方法制备出了内部具有多孔结构的载药微球;透明质酸内水相组微球平均粒度最大,粒径分布最小;介孔硅和透明质酸的加入提高了微球包封率;3种内水相组的初期爆释均高于对照组;多聚赖氨酸内水相组释放速率最快,透明质酸内水相组释放速率最慢。释放拟合曲线表明,4组不同内水相的微球,在释放区间内,释放行为都符合Slogistic方程式。     

雪莲纳米粒生产工艺技术

目的利用雪莲注射液中间体为原料，制备雪莲纳米粒，以提高患者对雪莲用药的顺应性和达到缓释作用。方法以复乳法制备雪莲纳米粒，雪莲原料药溶解于乙二醇中作为内水相，聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物（plga）溶解在二氯甲烷-丙酮（2∶1）的混和溶剂中作为油相，加入乳化剂形成w/o型初乳后以蒸馏水作为外水相在乳化剂作用下形成w/o/w型复乳纳米溶液。结果纳米粒的平均粒径在134nm，Zeta电位为-8．06-包封率为42．83%，载药量为2．17‰12h体外释放39．57％。结论复乳法能够得到性质稳定和具有缓释功能的雪莲纳米粒。     

以D2EHPA为载体的平膜提取镧

本文为液膜法提取稀土获得基础知识为目的,以D2EHPA(=2-乙基己基)磷酸)为载体用平膜提取稀土金属镧。测定了外水相的酸浓度、镧的浓度及载体浓度对平膜传质速度的影响,并利用传质速度方程式对实验结果给予定量解释。     

以D2EHPA为载体的平膜提取镧

本文为液膜法提取稀土获得基础知识为目的,以D2EHPA(=2-乙基己基)磷酸)为载体用平膜提取稀土金属镧。测定了外水相的酸浓度、镧的浓度及载体浓度对平膜传质速度的影响,并利用传质速度方程式对实验结果给予定量解释。     

DMSO-P507协同载体液膜分离镝、钬的研究

研究采用乳状液膜法系统分离稀土元素中的一部分，目的是探索有效分离镝与钬的液膜体系，为（铽－镝－钬－铒）组的再分组奠定基础，试验结果成功地建立了ＤＭＳＯ－Ｐ５０７协同载体的液膜新体系，并进一步考察了内、外水相酸度、表面活性剂浓度、乳水比、油内比等因素对分离的影响，得到了最优操作条件，经四级可得纯度９５．７％的镝与９６．４％的钬。     

Effect of Fuel on the Synthesis and Properties of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Modified SrFe12O19 Nanoparticles

Nanosized strontium hexaferrite (SrFe₁₂O₁₉) has been synthesized by citrate, urea, oxalic, and glycine precursor via a sol-gel route with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a templating agent. Crystal structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and VSM techniques. The formation of strontium hexaferrite and its crystallite size in presence of different fuels were compared. The influence of different fuels was reflected on the phase purity, morphology of the final powders as well as the magnetic properties. Magnetic measurements revealed that samples prepared by citric acid and glycine as fuel have high specific saturation magnetization and moderate coercivity, while urea and oxalic acid fuels resulted in low phase purity, and thus inferior magnetic properties.     

污泥样品中稀土元素的检测方法研究

取稀土工业园区的污水处理设施和受影响河流的的污泥样品,分别采用三种样品预处理方法(敞开式酸溶法、石墨加热消解和微波消解法)进行对比研究,结果表明:石墨消解法前处理污泥样品后,使用ICP-MS测定其中稀土元素(Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu),其方法简便快捷,检出限低,准确度好。     

减压膜蒸馏从稀土氯化物溶液中回收盐酸

分析了HCl -RECl3-H2 O物系汽液平衡关系 ;在实验研究条件下的结果表明 ,增大料液中盐酸或稀土起始浓度 ,回收率增大 ,可达到 80 %的回收率 ;随着稀土浓缩程度增大 ,回收率明显增大 ;过程中稀土离子截留率一般大于 98%,在减压侧能回收得到较纯的盐酸溶液 .     

LPE growth of InGaAsP:InP high purity layers using rare earth elements

Use of rare earth (RE) elements has allowed the growth of high purity InGaAsP:InP layers in liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) systems. Experiments show that purification of material takes place on account of interaction between the RE and mainly group VI donor impurities.     

Variation of optical band gap in anodically grown nanocrystalline ZnO thin films at room temperature—effect of electrolyte concentrations

Zinc oxide thin films were deposited by electrochemical oxidation of Zinc at room temperature using high purity Zn as anode, Pt cathode, a calomel reference electrode and an aqueous electrolytic solution of oxalic acid. A range of 0.3, 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 M electrolyte concentrations were used during anodization. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope were used to determine the crystallinity and the surface morphology respectively of the deposited ZnO thin films. The variation of the molar concentration of the electrolyte during anodic oxidation had a significant effect on the optical band gap of ZnO thin film. There was an increase in band gap with the decreasing concentrations of oxalic acid and a highest bandgap of 4.20 eV was obtained by using 0.05 M oxalic acid electrolyte. An apparent blue shift of band gap was further confirmed by Photoluminescence spectra.     

Nanoporous ZnO thin films deposited by electrochemical anodization: effect of UV light

Nanoporous ZnO thin films were deposited by electrochemical anodization of high purity Zn at room temperature using Pt counter electrode, calomel reference electrode and oxalic acid as the electrolyte. The crystallinity and the surface morphology were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The variation in molar concentration of oxalic acid during anodization had significant effect on the crystal size and the pore size particularly in the presence of UV light. An increase in room temperature band gap from 3.25 to 3.87 eV of ZnO film grown in 0.3 M oxalic acid indicates a quantum confinement effect and it was further confirmed by a blue shift of the photoluminescence (PL) spectra. A possible mechanism of the anodization and the photoetching in the presence of UV light of the ZnO film have been suggested.     

Au/Fe_2O_3-MO_x催化剂在气体纯化中的应用研究

电子产业对所使用的气体纯度要求越来越高,气体的纯化工艺变得尤为重要。文中引入了第五周期过渡金属、稀土金属,并考察这些助剂对Au/Fe2O3催化剂性能的影响规律,以期筛选出具有高活性和高稳定性的CO氧化负载型纳米Au/Fe2O3-MOx催化剂,为负载型纳米金催化剂在高纯气体生产领域的应用奠定良好的基础。     

Dynamics of sorption of cesium radionuclides on selective ferrocyanide sorbents. Distribution of the 137Cs activity in the stationary phase

A method was suggested for studying the dynamic sorption properties of ferrocyanide sorbents toward Cs radionuclides by analyzing the radiocesium distribution in the solid phase of the sorbent. The dynamic sorption characteristics are determined by measuring the activity of successive sorbent layers after passing definite volumes of the solution. The method is efficient in analysis of the stability of various sorbents in liquid media. The sorption characteristics of the following ferrocyanide sorbents were examined: Termoksid-35 (nickel-potassium ferrocyanide on zirconium hydroxide), FNS-2 (nickel-potassium ferrocyanide on silica), and FS-2 (copper-potassium ferrocyanide on silica). In alkaline solutions, Termoksid-35 is the most stable. The effect of oxalic acid on the activity distribution in a ferrocyanide sorbent bed was studied. In alkaline solutions containing oxalic acid, copper ferrocyanide (FS-2) is the least stable. At the same time, at low pH values and in the absence of oxalic acid, it is preferable to use sorbents based on copper ferrocyanides.     

The Purity and Thermal Stability in Air of Metal-Encapsulating Carbon Nanocapsules (MECNCs)

Rare earth elements (Y, La, Ce, Nd, Gd and Dy) encapsulated by carbon nanocapsules (CNCs) were synthesized and their purity and air oxidation stability were estimated. The purity was estimated as the rare earth carbide content. Gd- and Dy-encapsulating CNCs had higher than 30 wt% and others 15 to 20 wt%. Encapsulated rare earth carbide was oxidized by heating in air at 400°C or higher. This suggested oxidation damage to the graphene capsules of CNCs.     

稀土对低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性的电化学保护作用研究

稀土碳钢经大气暴晒后,表面形成的锈层对基体有一定的保护作用。为了弄清稀土实际发挥的作用,在低碳钢中熔入了稀土并与低碳钢一起置于有酸雨特征的江津大气站进行暴晒试验,应用自腐蚀电位测量、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描电镜等手段研究了稀土对低碳钢耐工业大气腐蚀性的影响。结果表明:钢中加入稀土后自腐蚀电位正移,阳极电流密度减小,稀土钢锈层趋于钝化;且随稀土含量增加,钢的锈层电阻和电荷传输电阻均呈上升趋势。