环氧树脂/聚氨酯互穿网络纳米复合材料的热降解动力学

采用聚合物互穿技术与原位插层聚合相结合的方法制备了有机蒙脱土修饰的环氧树脂/聚氨酯互穿网络纳米复合材料。热重分析(TGA)结果表明,聚氨酯的加入降低了环氧树脂的最大降解温度,而蒙脱土的加入可以显著提高聚合物基体的环氧树脂的最大降解温度。采用Flymm-Wall-Ozawa及Kissinger两种方法研究了环氧树脂复合材料的热分解动力学,结果表明,一定量的聚氨酯和蒙脱土都可以提高环氧树脂热降解的活化能。     

聚氨酯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制务、结构与性能

首次将插层纳米复合技术与互穿聚合物网络（IPN）技术相结合,通过同步插层聚合法制备了聚氨酯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/有机蒙脱土（PU/PMMA/OMMT）纳米复合材料.XRD、SEM、TGA等研究表明,在聚氨酯/有机蒙脱土（PU/OMMT）体系中蒙脱土以40～700 nm的团聚体不均匀地分散在聚氨酯基体中,且部分蒙脱土被插层,其层间距增加了0.95nm,体系为插层型纳米复合材料.PU/PMMA/OMMT体系中蒙脱土以20～80nm的粒子分布于聚合物基体中,且蒙脱土的插层效果显著,是PU/OMMT体系的2.5倍,形成了插层型纳米复合材料.同时,蒙脱土的加入使得聚氨酯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的互穿聚合物网络（PU/PMMA-IPN）体系中PU相与PMMA相间相分离更明显,塑性相畴粒子尺寸显著增加,且各相中两组分相互作用加强,分布更均匀.PU/PMMA/OMMT纳米复合材料的热稳定性高于其他材料.同时对其力学性能进行了研究,发现其力学性能明显优于聚氨酯、基于聚氨酯和PU/PMMA-IPN和PU/OMMT纳米复合材料.     

脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体/蒙脱土复合材料的制备与性能

使用原位插层聚合法制备了一系列不同有机蒙脱土含量的基于异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体/蒙脱土纳米复合材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热测试(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)等研究了有机蒙脱土含量对脂肪族聚氨酯弹性体结构与性能的影响。XRD结果表明,成功地合成了聚氨酯/蒙脱土插层型纳米复合材料。TGA结果表明,纳米复合材料的热稳定性随着有机蒙脱土含量的增加而提高。有机蒙脱土对聚氨酯基体有较好的增强和增韧作用,而当有机蒙脱土含量为7%时,纳米复合材料的力学性能最佳。     

环氧树脂/粘土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

研究了有机蒙脱土在环氧树脂中的插层和剥离行为,制备了两种环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料并测试了其力学性能。实验结果表明,环氧树脂与有机土的相容性好,二者混合时环氧树脂很容易插入到粘土层间。使用经不同有机阳离子处理的两种有机蒙脱土,分别制得插层型和剥离型环氧/粘土纳米复合材料,力学性能结果表明,剥离型纳米复合材料的性能优于同组成的插层型纳米复合材料。     

环氧树脂与蒙脱土的插层复合研究

报导了一种新型的环氧树脂／蒙脱土插层复合材料。通过阳离子交换的方法将蒙脱土进行有机化处理,使蒙脱土的片层间距从原来的１．３１ｎｍ增加到２．０１ｎｍ。分别用熔融法、溶剂超声法制备了环氧树脂／蒙脱土的插层复合材料,并用ＳＲＤ方法及ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ对体系进行了表征。结果表明,环氧树脂／蒙脱土插层体系具有一定的触变性。７．５份蒙脱土插层改性的环氧树脂体系其屈服应力为６３Ｐａ,在高温固化时不会流淌。     

聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合弹性体材料--(Ⅱ)结构及性能的表征

借助锥体磨的研磨剪切外力，将聚醚多元醇插层进入蒙脱土片层中，使其片层间距扩大并发生部分剥离，从而利用本体插层聚合法制备了综合性能优异的聚氨酯／蒙脱土纳米复合弹性体材料。当有机蒙脱土添加量仅为1％时，其拉伸强度比纯聚氨酯弹性体高30％．达到30．2MPa，断裂伸长率也略有增加。TGA及吸水实验分析表明聚氨酯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料有更高的热失重温度和更低的吸水率．研究了蒙脱土含量对聚氨酯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料各项性能的影响。     

多壁碳纳米管-有机蒙脱土协同增韧环氧树脂

采用机械搅拌和离心分散的方法制备了多壁碳纳米管-有机蒙脱土/环氧树脂复合材料。X射线衍射分析表明,当有机蒙脱土含量为2 wt%时, 蒙脱土在树脂体系中能够形成离散性结构。断裂韧性测试结果表明,多壁碳纳米管和有机蒙脱土的混杂对环氧树脂具有协同增韧的作用。当有机蒙脱土含量为2 wt%,多壁碳纳米管含量为0.1 wt%时,所得复合材料的断裂韧性是纯环氧树脂的1.77倍,是2 wt%有机蒙脱土/环氧树脂复合材料的1.45倍,是0.1 wt%多壁碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的1.39倍。扫描电镜分析表明,多壁碳纳米管在环氧树脂体系中分散均匀,并与有机蒙脱土片层形成了一定程度的相互穿插和咬合,多壁碳纳米管与有机蒙脱土协同增韧的主要原因是微裂纹增韧、剪切屈服与纤维拔出。      

熔融插层法制备PET/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其性能的研究

采用熔融插层法制备PET/蒙脱土纳米复合材料.对制备的PET/蒙脱土纳米复合材料进行表征和研究,通过XRD分析了PET基体中蒙脱土片层的插层情况,发现达到预期效果;试验数据表明:有机蒙脱土使复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度下降,拉伸模量和弯曲模量上升;随着有机蒙脱土含量的增加,复合材料的阻隔性能得到提高.     

酸酐固化环氧树脂-有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究

以甲基四氢酸酐为固化剂,对含羟基长链烷基季铵盐改性蒙脱土-环氧树脂纳米复合材料的制备进行了研究。通过TEM、SEM、TGA和DMA等对其微观结构、热性能和动态力学性能等进行表征和分析。TEM结果表明:有机蒙脱土以纳米片层分散在环氧树脂基体中,形成了纳米复合材料;有机蒙脱土含量3wt％时,环氧树脂被同时增韧增强:冲击强度提高87.8%,拉伸强度提高20.9%。纳米片层蒙脱土的加入同时也改善了环氧树脂的热稳定性和动态力学性能;有机蒙脱土含量5wt%时,热分解温度提高24.7℃,热变形温度提高了8.7℃;在T<T_g时,环氧树脂的储能模量提高42.86%,在T>T_g时,提高229.8%;相应玻璃化转变温度T_g提高14.7℃。      

剥离型环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料研究

采用阳离子交换的方法对蒙脱土进行了有机化处理,使蒙脱土由亲水性变成亲油性,并且使其层间距由原来的1.2nm扩大到2.2nm.采用X-射线衍射仪研究了有机蒙脱土在环氧树脂中的剥离行为,制备了环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料并测试了其性能.实验结果表明,环氧树脂与有机蒙脱土的相容性好,蒙脱土在环氧树脂中完全剥离;环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能、热性能以及阻隔性能与纯环氧树脂固化物相比均有不同程度的提高和改善.     

Morphologies and properties of polyurethane/epoxy resin interpenetrating network nanocomposites modified with organoclay

Polyurethane/epoxy resin interpenetrating network nanocomposites containing various contents of organophilic montmorillonite (oM-PU/EP nanocomposites) were prepared by a sequential polymeric technique and an in situ intercalation method. Transmission electronic microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy analysis showed that the interpenetrating process of PU and EP increases the exfoliation degree of organophilic montmorillonite (oMMT), and that oMMT improves the compatibility and phase structure of polyurethane/epoxy resin interpenetrating polymer networks (PU/EP IPNs). Tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravity analysis proved that the mechanical and thermal properties of the oM-PU/EP nanocomposites are superior to those of the pure PU and PU/EP IPNs.     

蒙脱土改性PU/EP IPN的研究

本文通过端异氰酸酯基聚氨酯预聚体与环氧树脂E-51形成了互穿网络,并通过热重分析仪(TGA)研究了完全固化后的互穿网络的热分解行为;透射电镜研究了IPN的相分离行为及用拉伸强度,断裂伸长率对其进行了力学性能的表征.结果表明,经过环氧树脂改性的聚氨酯的耐热性能比纯聚氨酯得到了提高,且力学性能也有所改善.并选取性能较好的PU/EP IPN,用纳米级有机蒙脱土对其进行了改性.研究发现,经有机纳米蒙脱土改性的PU/EP IPN的力学性能及耐热性有了进一步的提高.     

线型聚硅氧烷改性聚醚型聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿聚合物网络

以端羟基聚硅氧烷(PDMS)、4,4,-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚醚多元醇为原料制得端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体,再与环氧树脂E-44反应制得一系列聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿聚合物网络。通过红外光谱、接触角、拉伸试验、动态力学分析、扫描电子显微镜对聚合物体系的结构与性能进行了研究和表征。实验结果表明,聚硅氧烷的引入使得互穿聚合物网络的表面疏水性增强,表面自由能降低,拉伸强度下降但断裂伸长率升高。随着聚硅氧烷用量的增加,聚合物体系的玻璃化转变温度从-45℃提高到了-36℃。     

The preparation and performance of a novel room-temperature-cured heat-resistant adhesive for ceramic bonding

A novel adhesive for joining ceramic materials was made using silicon-epoxy interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) as matrix (based on silicon resin (SR) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin (EP)), γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-GPS) as cross-linking agent, dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as catalyst, Al, low melting point glass (GP) and B₄C powders as inorganic fillers, low molecular polyamide (LMPA 650) as curing agent. The character and heat-resistance property of the IPNs and adhesive were tested by FT-IR, DSC and TG. The compressive shear strength of ceramic joints was investigated at different temperatures in atmosphere surroundings. The modification mechanism of inorganic fillers was studied using XRD. Results showed that the IPNs were a homogeneous morphology of inter-crosslinked network structure with single T_g. The adhesive could be cured at room temperature with good heat-resistance property due to the chemical bond of epoxy group and Si-O-Si. The optimum compressive shear strength (9.44 MPa at 1000 °C) occurred at SR/EP ratio: 9/1, content of KH560: 2%, Al/GP/B₄C ratio: 3.2/4/3, fillers/IPNs ratio: 6/4. The adhesive had good heat-resistance property with 10% weight loss at 435 °C. Failure mode of joint was mixing failure due to the high chemical bonding force.     

Preparation,damping and thermal properties of potassium titanate whiskers filled castor oil-based polyurethane/epoxy interpenetrating polymer network composites

A series of potassium titanate whiskers (PTW) filled castor oil-based polyurethane (PU)/epoxy resin (EP) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composites were prepared. The damping properties, thermal stability as well as tensile strength of the IPN composites were studied systematically in terms of composition. Results revealed that the addition of PTW can significantly improve the damping properties of pure PU/EP IPN and can improve the thermal decomposition temperature. Tensile tests showed that the tensile strength of the IPN composites was improved after the incorporation of PTW. It is expected that the PTW filled IPN composites may be used as structural damping materials.     

聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物相行为与断裂拉伸强度

制备了一系列聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物ＰＵ／ＥＰＩＰＮ，由ＤＳＣ，ＴＭＴ和动态粘弹仪研究表明，ＩＰＮ在高温区存在的单一玻璃化转变温度Ｔｇ，ＩＰＮ的的相行为与其断裂伸强度的相关，并确认接枝共聚物的存在增强了ＩＰＮ的互穿效应。     

聚氨酯乳液互穿聚合物网络的制备与结构

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA2000)和环氧树脂(E-20)为主要原料,制备了高环氧树脂含量的聚氨酯(PU)/环氧树脂(EP)乳液互穿聚合物网络(LIPN)。通过红外光谱,动态力学分析,透射电镜等研究了产物的结构与性能。结果表明,LIPN已形成,乳液乳胶粒子为非核壳结构,EP和PU两种组分完全互容且在分子尺度互穿。改性PU的耐溶剂性大幅提高,表现出明显的互穿协同效应。可作为一种新型的环保PU涂层应用于各个领域。     

PU／P（MA—DMA）／EP三组分IPN力学性能的研究

用同步法合成聚氨酯/聚(丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸β-N,N′-2-甲基乙酯)/环氧树脂三组分互穿聚合物网络,对IPN组成、结构与性能的关系进行了讨论。结果表明,改变组成比可以得到相容性不同的IPN。本文认为组成比对IPN性能的影响较连续相为大,加入接枝剂可以有效地改变IPN的相容性。力学性能与组成网络的结构及缠结方式有关,组成比相同时,全IPN具有较大的应力值。加入填料,体系中发生“准交联”作用,使阻尼值增高,转变温度区域加宽。     

Damping analysis of polyurethane/epoxy graft interpenetrating polymer network composites filled with short carbon fiber and micro hollow glass bead

A series of short carbon fiber (CF) and micro hollow glass bead (HGB) filled polyurethane (PU)/epoxy resin (EP) graft interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) composites were prepared. The damping properties, thermal stability properties as well as tensile and impact strength of IPN composites were studied systematically. Results revealed that the addition of short carbon fiber and micro HGB can significantly improve the damping properties of pure PU/EP IPN and can improve the thermal decomposition temperature. Mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength of the IPN composites could be improved after the incorporation of short carbon fiber and micro HGB, while the impact resistance of the composites was impaired after the addition of micro HGB. It is expected that the carbon fiber and micro HGB filled IPN composites may be used as structural damping materials.