A fuzzy logic‐controlled SMES for damping shaft torsional oscillations of synchronous generator

This paper presents a fuzzy logic control scheme for the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) based on a PWM voltage source converter and a two‐quadrant chopper using an insulated‐gate‐bipolar‐transistor (IGBT) to dampen turbine‐generator shaft torsional oscillations. Simulation results of balanced faults in a single machine connected to an infinite bus system show that the proposed fuzzy logic‐controlled SMES is effective in damping shaft torsional oscillations of synchronous generators (GENs). © 2006 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Design of controllers for the damping of torsional oscillations using time-scale decomposition

A new technique is presented for the design of an excitation controller and a static VAR compensator which are used to improved the damping characteristics of torsional oscillations in a capacitor-compensated power system. To facilitate the controller design, the system matrix is reduced by means of multi-time-scale decomposition while preserving the mechanical shift modes, which are the ones to be damped by the proposed controller. The parameters of the controller are then determined on the basis of the reduced system by using modal control theory. It is found that model reduction can save the effort in controller design without any significant drift in the eigenvalues of the closed-loop system. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed damping scheme under disturbance conditions, computer-simulated dynamic response tests based on a non-linear system model are also performed. It is concluded that all subsynchronous oscillation modes can be effectively damped by the proposed controller.     

不同装机容量水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗影响因素分析

针对水轮发电机组装机容量越来越大,阻尼绕组发热严重影响水轮发电机安全可靠运行的现状,采用场路耦合有限元法,分别计算了不对称运行时额定容量225 MW、500 MW、1000 MW的水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗,对比分析了额定容量不同时水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗.通过建立不同结构的仿真模型,准确分析了气隙、节距和阻尼方式对水轮发电机阻尼绕组涡流损耗的影响.分析结果表明,增大气隙,减小节距,改变阻尼方式,可以有效抑制阻尼绕组涡流损耗.     

应用储能系统抑制电力系统低频振荡原理研究

基于线性化等面积法则和小干扰分析方法,提出储能系统抑制电力系统低频振荡的原理和方法.通过对装有储能系统的单机无穷大系统进行理论分析和仿真测试,结果表明储能阻尼控制能够提供系统阻尼,且控制储能系统和电力系统之间的有功功率交换获得阻尼的效果比控制无功功率交换获得阻尼的效果要好的多.     

900 MW汽轮发电机组轴系扭振的研究

主要研究了上海外高桥电厂二期工程中的 2台 90 0 MW汽轮发电机组的轴系扭振及疲劳寿命损耗。轴系扭振模型采用集中参数等值模型 ,整个轴系分为 6段。计算结果表明 ,机组扭振频率避开了工频与倍频 ,轴系不会因共振而破坏。在短路故障时轴系扭振是安全的     

Identification of instantaneous attributes of torsional shaft signals using the Hilbert transform

A systematic analytical procedure based on the concept of the analytic signal (AS) of Gabor is used to determine the time-varying attributes of torsional oscillations, namely the instantaneous amplitude and the instantaneous frequency. Methods for implementing the AS using the numeric Hilbert transform are given and criteria for characterizing nonlinear effects are discussed. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on the IEEE First Benchmark Model (FBM) for subsynchronous resonance studies. The AS analysis is performed on output data files generated by nonlinear simulations using the EMTP, but the method is general and is applicable to any nonlinear, nonstationary signal. Numerical results include the determination of the instantaneous frequency of torsional oscillation signals following large perturbations. Comparison of numerical results obtained by the proposed method with linear analysis techniques is provided.     

考虑水力和电磁激励的水电机组轴系统的扭转振动分析

推导了水轮发电机组的电磁力矩和电磁刚度的表达式,建立了考虑转子支臂刚度并在水力转矩和电磁力矩耦合作用下的轴系统机电耦联扭振模型。研究了轴系统扭振特性随转子转动惯量、支臂刚度、转轮水体附加质量的变化规律。分析了不同频率的水力激励对转子扭振响应的影响规律,得出了轴系最大扭矩内力、扭振角和电磁力矩的频响曲线。研究水力激励频率等于零频和一阶频率时的机电耦联共振特性,给出了激磁电流和内功率角对扭振的影响,揭示了机电耦联振动规律,为水电机组的设计与安全稳定运行提供理论依据。     

Effect of controlling the sequential interruption of a system faulton turbine-generator shaft torsional torques

A new method is presented to reduce the high torsional torques induced in turbine-generator shafts during the clearing of multiphase faults. This method is based on controlling the sequential interruption of such faults. In this context, investigations have been conducted on two turbine-generator units of different designs for both three-phase and double line-to-ground faults. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through parametric studies and simulation results. The effects of the fault clearing time, the strength of the system to which the unit is connected, and the fault incidence instant on the effectiveness of the method have also been investigated     

负荷特性对电力系统低频振荡阻尼的影响

首先介绍电力系统低频振荡的概念及分析方法，再从负荷模型对电力系统稳定性分析的重要性和准确性入手，引出了电力负荷的各种模型；在此基础上，介绍负荷特性对电力系统低频振荡阻尼影响的一些主要研究成果；最后提出目前研究存在的一些问题及今后的研究方向。     

Development and field tests of a damping controller to mitigate electromechanical oscillations on large diesel generating units

This paper presents the development and field tests of a digital damping controller designed to mitigate intra-plant electromechanical oscillations via the speed governor system of fast acting units. The controller performance is assessed on an 18-MVA diesel generating unit, at Santana Power Plant (Amapá State, Amazon Region at Northern Brazil). In order to design the damping control law, a set of parametric ARX models representing the plant dynamics at several load conditions, are previously identified from data collected on field tests. The damping controller gains are calculated by using the identified ARX models parameters as inputs to a discrete-time pole-placement design method (pole-shifting) and then embedded on a DSP based microcontroller digital system, for field tests assessment. The digital damping controller modulates the diesel engine inlet valve position according to the observed oscillation on the measured electric power, using a PWM device, which is specially developed to this application. The experimental results shown the good performance of the developed controller on damping efficiently the electromechanical oscillations observed between generating units at Santana Power Plant.     

Use of power system stabilizers for damping inter-area oscillations in the south systems of the Mexican electrical grid

This paper documents research conducted to investigate the use and tuning of power system stabilizers (PSSs) to improve small-signal dynamic performance of the Mexican interconnected system (MIS). The analysis focuses on the control of a critical inter-area mode associated with the interaction between the southeastern and western regions of the system and a critical local mode. Study results include the determination of critical system modes more controllable by existing PSSs and the use of supplementary control actions to damp low-frequency inter-area modes of oscillation. Results for both, small and large perturbations are presented to illustrate the placement and tuning of PSSs at several appropriate locations throughout the system.     

An optimal location of static VAr compensator based on Gramian critical energy for damping oscillations in power systems

The increase in the scale and complexity of interconnected power systems leads to multiple electromechanical oscillations. Therefore, the electric network needs to be made more stable. One type of Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) devices, namely the static VAr compensator (SVC), can be installed at buses to increase the stability margins and dampen the power system oscillations by exchanging capacitive and/or inductive load to maintain and/or control specific parameters of electrical power systems. The efficiency and performance of the SVC depend on its optimal location. Consequently, seeking the optimal placement for SVC has become a key issue. In this paper, we propose a novel method to find the optimal location for the SVC based on a two‐step approach. First, an energetic approach based on the combination of the controllability Gramian critical energy analysis with the balanced realization reduction technique is used to search for several feasible locations; then the transient stability is analyzed to compare and determine an optimal location through various test cases. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been demonstrated on the IEEE 39‐bus England power system and compared with the modal controllability index. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

具有弯道的竖井式出水口水流均匀性研究

竖井式出水口水流受弯道段和竖直段影响,竖井周边各分流孔出流不易调整均匀,同时分流孔底板附近易出现反向流速。本文在数学模型得到试验验证的基础上,采用RNG k-ε紊流模型,对具有弯道的竖井式出水口流动特性进行三维数值模拟,分析了弯道段体型和竖直段长度对出流均匀性的影响。计算结果表明,渐缩弯道与等直径弯道比较,当竖直段长度均为2D(D为竖直段直径)时,渐缩弯道的竖井式出水口各分流孔出流较均匀;若采用等直径弯道,对应竖直段的长度增加6D~8D时,其出流均匀程度与渐缩弯道的相当。研究成果对抽水蓄能电站竖井式进/出水口的设计具有指导意义。     

Transient energy dissipation of resistances and its effect on power system damping

The transient energy flow method is a newly proposed method for locating the sources of low frequency oscillations and shows good performances in tests and actual applications. It is found in previous work that resistances in networks or loads may produce transient energy and exhibit as oscillation sources. In this paper, the transient energy dissipation of resistances and its effect on power system damping is studied. The transient energy flow into a resistance is generally non-conservative but whether it is dissipative is indefinite. A resistance may dissipate or produce transient energy. However, the relationship between system damping represented with the real-part of the eigenvalue and the total energy dissipation is definite, and an equation describing the relationship is obtained in simple power systems. Transient energy dissipation is an indicator of the damping of a component. When a resistance dissipates transient energy, it is beneficial to system damping, otherwise it is detrimental. The results are verified with simulations and explanations for constant impedance loads at different locations having different effects on damping are given.     

A unified model for the analysis of FACTS devices in damping powersystem oscillations. III. Unified power flow controller

For pt.II see ibid., vol.13, no.4, p.1355-62 (1998). This paper presents the establishment of the linearized Phillips-Heffron model of a power system installed with a unified power flow controller (UPFC). Two applications based on the Phillips-Heffron model are demonstrated: (1) study on the effect of UPFC DC voltage regulator on power system oscillation stability; and (2) selection of damping control signal for the design of UPFC damping controller     

封周变电站屋顶太阳能光伏发电系统研究

介绍了上海地区太阳能资源状况,对上海110 kV封周变电站屋顶太阳光伏系统的结构和性能进行总结研究,介绍了不可调度式并网光伏发电系统的运行状况,分析了该屋顶太阳能光伏系统的效益,从太阳能系统发电量和节能减排效益的角度认为该变电站屋顶太阳能光伏发电系统不仅解决了部分自用电,对城市电力也是一个补充,降低了能耗污染.     

Increasing the rated capacity of power units installed at Russian nuclear power stations equipped with VVER-1000 reactors

Safe operation of the Balakovo nuclear power station’s Unit 2 built around a VVER-1000 reactor at a thermal power output of 3120 MW with meeting of the safety criteria and compliance with the requirements of existing regulatory documents is substantiated. Results from measurements of process parameters at a power output equal to 104% of its nominal value are presented.