空冷凝汽器翅片管换热器阻力特性数值研究

水资源的匮乏使节水性能显著的直接空冷式发电厂在缺水富煤地区得到了迅速推广.翅片管换热器作为空冷凝汽器的基本组成单元,其流动特性是决定空冷凝汽器运行性能的关键因素.应用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对不同迎面风速下单排及双排翅片管换热器的阻力特性进行了数值模拟.计算结果表明:对于2种不同形式的翅片管换热器,空气侧流动阻力皆随着迎面风速的增加而升高;双排管的流动阻力略大于单排管,且随着迎面风速的增加,双排管管束相对于单排管管束的压力损失增幅呈上升趋势.通过比较不同数量网格模型的数值模拟结果,验证了网格无关性,证明了模拟结果可靠.研究结果对提高空冷凝汽器乃至空冷电厂的运行经济性都具有重要的参考价值.     

矩形钢翅片椭圆管簇的试验研究

本文着重阐述了电站凝汽器空冷系统的空冷式换热器所用的矩形钢翅片椭圆管簇小样的试验研究。通过对小样放热及阻力的试验，得出不同迎面风速下的放热性能及空气侧阻力性能的关系。     

冬季自然通风状态下直接空冷凝汽器的性能

直接空冷电厂的安全运行与空冷凝汽器在冬季自然通风条件下的换热性能有着密切的联系.依托实际工程项目,确定了某135MW直接空冷凝汽器(ACC)冬季自然通风下的热压.利用计算传热学(NHT)软件FLUENT,对不同迎面风速下,直接空冷凝汽器双排管换热元件的冬季性能进行了数值模拟、分析和研究.根据空气的作用压力与流经空冷凝汽器时所产生阻力之间的对应关系,确定了冬季自然通风状态下空冷凝汽器性能.它为直接空冷系统的优化设计提供帮助.     

风冷冷水机组V型冷凝器空气流动的模拟

建立了风冷热泵翅片管换热器空气侧流动与传热的数学模型,模拟了V型风冷翅片管换热器在不同翅片管间夹角与底部距离下的空气流场,分析了不同翅片管间夹角与底部距离对空气流动的影响。模拟结果表明,两换热面的夹角增大时,换热面的迎面风速和平均风速也随之增大,且增长相当明显,但最大风速相差不大。当底部间距增大时,换热面的迎面风速和平均风速亦随之增大,但变化的幅度比较小。     

空气横掠矩形翅片椭圆管束换热规律的数值研究

采用Fluent软件对矩形翅片椭圆管束空气侧的对流换热情况进行了三维数值模拟,获得了不同流速下翅片表面温度分布,分析了迎面风速与换热系数之间的关系,随着速度的增大,空气侧的换热系数增加,并拟合了换热计算公式。同时分析了不同翅片间距对换热的影响因素,随着翅片间距的增大,空气侧换热系数增加,而且随着Rg数的增加,换热的强化更加明显。     

圆弧型开缝翅片管空气冷却器传热与阻力特性试验研究

对3种不同翅片间距的圆弧型开缝翅片管空气冷却器进行试验研究,得到迎面风速在1.0~3.0 m/s空气侧传热与阻力特性变化规律,分析了迎面风速、翅片间距对换热器传热与阻力特性的影响;雷诺数Re在1200~3800,综合性能指标随着Re的增大而增大;当Re1800时,Pf=1.7 mm的综合流动传热性能最好,当Re1800时,Pf=2.5 mm的综合流动传热性能最好;圆弧型开缝翅片管的综合流动传热性能比平直翅片管高。     

湿工况下平直翅片管换热器空气侧传热传质特性研究

建立了湿工况下2排叉排平直翅片管换热器空气侧对流传热传质模型,利用Fluent软件进行了模拟,通过编写UDF(User-Defined Function)添加潜热换热质量源项、能量源项。模拟结果表明空气迎面风速、相对湿度以及壁面过冷度对显热换热系数的影响不大,但会对冷凝对流换热系数产生重要影响。     

汽车空调暖风系统平行流换热器换热性能研究

平行流换热器以其结构紧凑、换热效率高的特点已广泛应用于汽车空调中.简要介绍了汽车空调暖风系统平行流换热器结构,采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟方法对平行流换热器的换热性能进行了分析,比较了空气侧风速和水流量对其换热量和流动阻力的影响.模拟结果表明:在增加相同百分比的情况下,增加空气侧风速比增加水流量对换热器换热量的影响大16%左右,但增加空气侧风速和水流量对换热器换热能力的影响均有限;随着风速的提高,换热量增加率逐渐减小,而空气侧阻力增加率越来越大;随着水流量增加,水侧压降增大非常明显;但两者增加对空气侧出口温度影响均不明显.     

低气压下翅片管换热器空气侧换热特性的实验研究

为研究低气压环境下翅片管换热器空气侧的换热特性,对不同气压环境下空气侧流速和翅片间距对平翅片管换热器空气侧换热特性的影响进行了实验分析。实验环境气压范围为40～100 kPa,换热器迎面风速为1.0～3.5 m/s,翅片间距2～3 mm。研究表明:实验工况下环境气压40 kPa时空气侧传热因子仅为常压下的30.42%～46.41%;低气压环境空气侧流速和翅片间距对空气侧换热的影响趋势与常压数据基本保持一致;不改变换热器结构,环境气压的变化仅影响空气物性,而对空气的流动状态的影响不大;翅片间距影响随Re的减小和环境气压的降低而减弱,两种翅片间距模型空气侧传热因子平均差异在环境气压为100 kPa时为12.07%,40 kPa时缩小为3.00%。     

汽车空调性能试验台总成——主机及风洞系统的研制与试验分析

针对微通道换热器用作汽车空调冷凝器的特点,研制了一套冷凝器单体性能测试试验台,即主机及风洞试验台.该试验台主测风洞系统的换热量采用空气焓差法测试,辅测主机系统的换热量采用制冷剂流量计法测试,并选取两款微通道冷凝器对其进行冷凝换热试验,以验证该试验台的稳定性和准确性.结果表明,该试验台空气侧和制冷剂侧所测得的换热量偏差均在5%以内,满足冷凝器测控要求.根据实验数据得到了冷凝器迎面风速对换热量、空气压降和制冷剂压降的影响规律,为微通道换热器的优化设计及企业的相关研究提供参考.     

Three-dimensional numerical study of wavy fin-and-tube heat exchangers and field synergy principle analysis

In this paper, 3-D numerical simulations were performed for laminar heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of wavy fin-and-tube heat exchanger by body-fitted coordinates system. The effect of four factors were examined: Reynolds number, fin pitch, wavy angle and tube row number. The Reynolds number based on the tube diameter varied from 500 to 5000, the fin pitch from 0.4 to 5.2 mm, the wavy angle from 0° to 50°, and the tube row range from 1 to 4. The numerical results were compared with experiments and good agreement was obtained. The numerical results show that with the increasing of wavy angles, decreasing of the fin pitch and tube row number, the heat transfer of the finned tube bank are enhanced with some penalty in pressure drop. The effects of the four factors were also analyzed from the view point of field synergy principle which says that the reduction of the intersection angle between velocity and fluid temperature gradient is the basic mechanism for enhance convective heat transfer. It is found that the effects of the four factors on the heat transfer performance of the wavy fin-and-tube exchangers can be well described by the field synergy principle.     

Performance of finned tube heat exchangers operating under frosting conditions

In this paper, the performance of flat plate finned tube heat exchangers operating under frosting conditions was investigated experimentally. Heat exchangers of single and multiple tube row(s) were tested to show the effects of various parameters on heat transfer performance. The parameters include temperature and relative humidity of air, flow rate of air, refrigerant temperature, fin pitch, and row number. The time variations of heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient, and pressure drop of heat exchangers presented.     

三叶膨胀管换热器壳程强化传热的数值研究

三叶膨胀管是一种新型强化传热管,针对纵向流换热器特点,设计了三种不同管束结构参数的三叶膨胀管自支撑纵向流换热器。应用FLUENT软件及Realizable k-ε湍流模型,对三种不同结构参数的三叶膨胀管换热器壳程强化传热特性展开了数值模拟,并通过与实验数据的对比,验证了计算模型的可靠性。计算了不同壳程介质流速下,三叶膨胀管换热器壳程的换热系数与压降值,并获得了壳程流体流线以及相应的温度场、速度场和二次流分布图。结果发现,在壳程水流速一致的情况下,管束横向间距越大的三叶膨胀管换热器,壳程拥有更高的综合换热性能和更低的压降值,但相应地,换热系数也更低。流场分析显示,壳程流体流线呈现出三维纵向旋流形态,二次流的出现改变了速度场和温度场分布,二次流的强度随着管束横向间距的减小而增大。     

Effect of Cooling Water Flow Path on the Flow and Heat Transfer in a 660 MW Power Plant Condenser

The effect of the cooling water flow path on the flow and heat transfer in a double tube-pass condenser for a 660 MW power plant unit was numerically investigated based on a porous medium model. The results were used to analyze the streamline, velocity, air mass fraction and heat transfer coefficient distributions. The simulations indicate that the cooling water flow path is important in large condensers. For the original tube arrangement, the heat transfer with the lower-upper cooling water flow path is better than that with the upper-lower cooling water flow path. The reason is that the steam cannot flow into the internal of upper tube bundle and the air fractions are higher in the upper tube bundle with the upper-lower cooling water flow path. An improvement tube arrangement was developed for the upper-lower cooling water flow path which reduced the back pressure by 0.47 kPa compared to the original scheme. Thus, the results show that the tube arrangements should differ for different cooling water flow paths and the condenser heat transfer can be improved for the upper-lower cooling water flow path by modifying the tube arrangement.     

The forced air cooling heat dissipation performance of different battery pack bottom duct

Due to the requirement of the battery for the thermal management system, based on the coupling relationship between the velocity field and the thermal flow field of the field synergy principle, the flow paths of the forced air cooling system for different battery packs were analyzed. First, the thermodynamic parameters of the battery were collected through experiments and verified by simulation. Secondly, based on the collected thermodynamic parameters of the battery, the heat generation model of the battery, the heat conduction model of the gas, and the coupled heat dissipation model of the battery and air were established. Determine the boundary conditions, calculation methods and evaluation indicators required for simulation; Finally, based on four different driving conditions, the forced air cooling performance of the double “U” shape duct and double “1” type duct is simulated. Through the analysis of the results, the dual “U” air ducts have a more heat dissipation effect on the battery pack than the double “1” shape duct. The results conform to the definition of the field synergy principle for the coupling relationship between the velocity field and the heat flow field. Then research provide references for the design of battery packs and matching of cooling systems.     

几种带冷却结构的双层管换热及流动对比

对相同质量流量下的光管、双层光管、带冷却结构（肋、扰流柱、凹坑、螺旋通道）的双层管等不同结构的管流动进行了流固耦合三维数值模拟,获取了固体壁温的分布特征;对各结构下,外层壁冷热侧温差、冷气温升、流动特性及综合换热效率进行了研究分析。研究结果表明：相同质量流量下,带螺旋通道双层管的外层壁冷热侧温差最小、综合换热效率最高;凹坑结构双层管与双层光管的流动及换热特性相似,流阻较小但换热效果也较差;扰流柱和肋结构双层管的流动换热特性相近,其温度分布均匀性、换热量介于双层光管和螺旋通道双层管之间,其流阻大且综合换热效率低。     

太阳能再生式除湿换热器动态除湿性能研究

提出了一种新型再生式除湿换热器,建立了物理和数学模型。通过实验得到了该除湿换热器的实际动态除湿性能;将除湿器除湿性能的模拟结果与实验结果进行比较,验证了数学模型的可靠性。研究结果表明:该文研制的再生式除湿换热器具有良好的除湿性能,在给定工况(温度为24.7℃,含湿量为12.41g/kg)下除湿率可达到43.8%;还分析了处理风速、再生温度以及除湿换热器厚度对除湿性能和压降的影响,获得了使除湿换热器性能最佳的管排、翅片间距和迎面风速参数。     

全玻璃真空管太阳热水器数值模拟研究

基于FLUENT软件及TECPLOT软件,通过对均匀加热条件下的全玻璃真空管太阳热水器内流场及温度场的数值模拟,研究了热水器的对流换热与传质过程;分析了集热管倾角、真空管双面受热对热水器内流场及温度场的影响和真空管与水箱连接处、垂直等温面上的流体速度、温度分布。结果表明,在真空管与水箱连接处出现随机的涡流和真空管内出现分段的小环流,对传热传质过程不利,特别是对于带反射板的双面受热的集热器,应采取措施确保管内对流换热流动的有序性。建议加装导流板,并初步探讨了导流板的长度,确立了最佳板长模拟结构,为后续的理论研究与试验打下基础。