蒸氨废液蒸发过程物性参数变化规律研究

以中盐青海昆仑碱业有限公司的纯碱蒸氨废液为研究对象,采用加热蒸发、过滤分离的方法制取了蒸氨废液不同蒸发阶段的液相和结晶固相试样,并进行检测分析,研究蒸氨废液蒸发过程物性参数的变化规律。结果表明：蒸氨废液在蒸发过程中,随着浓度的升高其密度、黏度增大,沸点升高,pH降低,钙离子、氯离子浓度增大,硫酸根浓度降低,钠离子浓度先升后降;前期需要蒸发大量水分,在自然蒸发量大的地区,采用盐田蒸发浓缩工艺能有效降低能耗。     

含铜蚀刻废液生产碱式氯化铜废水的脱氨氮处理

本论文针对利用含铜蚀刻废液生产碱式氯化铜(TBCC)的过程中产生高氨氮废水的问题,提出了废水的脱氨氮处理工艺——蒸氨,并针对蒸氨设备进行了具体参数的调试,提出了找出了最佳的生产条件:蒸氨进料的pH不能低于11.3(25℃),处理量为3.5 m3/h,蒸汽开度为88%。     

氨蒸馏工艺中蒸氨塔的模拟计算

以AspenPlus软件为平台,对氨蒸馏工艺的蒸氨塔进行了模拟计算。通过对塔板数、进料位置、回流比与进料热状态的模拟,研究了各参数的影响特点。认为塔板数宜取大一些,进料位置靠近塔下端有利,回流比的选择应首先考虑满足产品质量,进料温度接近泡点为佳。确定塔板数8,在第6块塔板处进料,进料温度100℃,回流比1,灵敏板为第7块塔板,得到塔顶液氨产品氨摩尔浓度〉99．5％,塔底残留液氨摩尔浓度〈5％,满足设计规定。     

蒸氨废液物性参数的测定

以吉兰泰碱厂蒸氨废液为对象,测定了不同浓度蒸氨废液的化学组成、粘度、ｐＨ值、盐类析出浓度等物性参数,并对粘度及ｐＨ值的数据进行回归。测定结果为蒸氨废液的处理、利用和进一步研究及实际生产提供了可靠的基础数据     

浅谈氨碱废液化灰技术开发与应用

蒸氨废液化灰技术即用废液上清液代替部分淡水进行化灰,达到降低淡水使用量的目的,同时将蒸氨废液浓缩,为蒸氨废液的处理、综合利用生产氯化钙以及降低产品成本提供了有效途径.通过试验,确定上清液在化灰水中的参兑比例及化灰水温度,并对废液化灰生产中出现的问题提出解决措施.目前上清液使用量为100 m3/h,化灰系统、蒸氨系统平稳...     

从纯碱厂蒸氨废液中回收CaCl2,NaCl的设想

从纯碱厂蒸氨废液中回收ＣａＣｌ＿２、ＮａＣｌ的设想徐学波南化（集团）公司连云港碱厂关键词氨碱法制碱，氯化钙，三废处理，综合利用氨碱法制碱的蒸氨废液是纯碱厂三废排放之一。年产６０万ｔ的纯碱厂每年排放蒸氨废液量在５００～６００万ｍ￣３，其中ＣａＣｌ＿２约...     

氨碱厂蒸氨废液处理工艺设计论述

氨碱厂每生产一吨纯碱,要排出9~11m2蒸氨废液,如不经处理直接排放,将会对环境产生严重的污染。结合工程实例,本文简要介绍了氨碱厂蒸氨废液处理的工艺设计过程。     

蒸氨废液废渣治理综合利用

本文主要阐述了焦作化工三厂在蒸氨废液废渣的治理和综合利用方面进行的大量研究试验,选择了变废为宝的方针,在化工部化肥司帮助下确定了利用碱渣和锅炉煤灰,化灰废渣生产碱渣胶泥和加气混凝土砌块的方案,从而取得了显著的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。化工三厂的实践证明,中小氯碱厂蒸氨废液全部利用是完全可以的。     

氨碱厂蒸氨废液生产氯化钙

本文综述了利用氨碱厂蒸氨废液生产氯化钙的可行性,并介绍了近几年来国内外生产氯化钙的方法,产量及市场情况.文章还提出了扩大氯化钙使用范围及增加氯化钙产品种类的途径.作者认为:利用氧碱厂蒸氨废液生产氯化钙的优点是生产流程简单,在消耗上也只有蒸汽消耗一项.但随着节能设备的发展,其能耗也会不断降低,今后兴建小型氨碱厂配此工艺,还是值得考虑的方案.     

氨碱法蒸氨废液制轻质碳酸钙试验

本文简述了用氨碱法蒸氨废液制轻质碳酸钙试验原理及步骤，提出适当比例的蒸氨废液化灰，将加快灰乳消化速度和增大成品沉降体积，是一种新的蒸氨废液利用方法。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997