浅谈我国水煤浆技术的开发与应用

阐述了我国水煤浆技术的发展慨况 ,对连续磨浆与间歇磨浆、湿法制浆与干法制浆进行了比较 ,讨论了有关水煤浆制备与应用的关键技术 ,如添加剂与水煤浆的新品种、水煤浆的燃烧与除灰、水煤浆的常压气化、超低灰似油水煤浆等 ,提出了提高和普及水煤浆应用的发展途径。     

水煤浆厂生产现状与发展

总结了目前国内水煤浆生产厂的类型和规模,介绍了水煤浆产品的品种、质量特征以及水煤浆厂的生产技术经济指标,阐述了我国水煤浆厂生产的现状与发展趋势。     

浅谈中国水煤浆技术的开发与应用

详细阐述了中国水煤浆技术的发展概况，对连续磨浆与间歇磨浆、温法制浆与干法制浆进行了比较，讨论了有关水煤浆制备与应用的关键技术，例如：添加剂与水煤浆的新品种、水煤浆的燃烧与除灰、水煤浆的常压气化、超低灰似油水煤浆等，提出了提高和普及水煤浆应用的发展途径。     

粒度级配对混煤水煤浆浓度与黏度的影响

水煤浆浓度与黏度是衡量水煤浆性能的两个重要指标.粒度级配是影响水煤浆性能的关键因素,合适的粒度级配可提高水煤浆性能.以某水煤浆厂所用的精煤和分散剂为实验基础,研究了在该水煤浆厂常用的混配煤和两种常用的分散荆条件下,粒度级配和水煤浆浓度、黏度的关系,获得了使用不同分散剂时水煤浆性能最佳时所对应的粒度级配.     

煤转化废水制备水煤浆技术的研究

为资源化利用煤转化废水,将固定床气化、气流床气化和煤焦化3种不同煤转化工艺产生的废水与神华煤掺混制备水煤浆,分析了废水制备水煤浆的成浆性、流变性和稳定性。结果表明:固定床气化废水与焦化废水对水煤浆成浆性能影响较大,会使成浆浓度下降、黏度上升,但可以制出符合要求的水煤浆;气流床气化废水有利于改善水煤浆成浆性能,与常规水煤浆相比,气流床气化废水水煤浆成浆浓度上升、黏度下降。3种煤转化废水水煤浆都具有良好的屈服假塑性流体特性和较好的稳定性,便于水煤浆的存储和运输。     

兖州煤成浆特性分析

以兖日水煤浆石臼中试厂加工的高浓度水煤浆为例 ,分析了兖州煤的成浆特性 ,研究了煤浆浓度与表观粘度的关系、水煤浆的流变性、稳定性情况及分散剂、煤种、煤炭粒径分布等对水煤浆质量的影响     

浅谈水煤浆技术应用与制备

水煤浆是一种代油燃料,可以用于代煤还有节能和保护环境的效益,在我国有重要的现实意义.本文首先简要介绍了水煤浆燃料技术与特点,然后详细介绍水煤浆技术的应用,最后对水煤浆制备及添加剂进行了研究.     

德士古水煤浆气化技术特点

主要分析了德士古水煤浆气化技术的特点与工艺,探究了我国德士古水煤浆气化技术的发展历程,综合实际状况对存在的问题进行了梳理总结,对德士古水煤浆气化技术的研发与应用进行了简单的分析。     

生猪养殖废弃物制备生物质水煤浆的研究

以生猪养殖废弃物与煤共混制备生物质水煤浆。考察了干剂与干煤比值、p H值和固含量对生物质水煤浆粘度的影响。结果表明,p H为8.56,干剂与干煤比值为1.5%时,生物质水煤浆固含量可达到61.93%,其表观粘度(1 052.7±20)m Pa·s。生物质水煤浆具有良好的静置稳定性,且随着生物质添加量的增加,其稳定性增强。表明生猪养殖废弃物可代替水煤浆添加剂和部分煤制备生物质水煤浆。     

水煤浆分散剂作用机理及常用分散剂种类

水煤浆成浆性、黏度、流变性及稳定性除了与煤质本身的性质存在匹配关系外,还与分散剂种类、结构及性能密不可分。在对水煤浆使用优势分析的基础上,详述了分散剂作用机理及制取水煤浆常用的萘系分散剂、木质素系分散剂、腐殖酸系分散剂及聚羧酸系分散剂的分子结构和各自在使用过程中的优缺点。同时指出了水煤浆使用方向,利用复配增效作用,提出了发展我国水煤浆技术的长远策略:研究开发新型水煤浆分散剂,并将其与其他分散剂复配,对水煤浆的进一步开发和应用有十分重要的意义,达到廉价、高效的目的。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。