有机硅改性环氧树脂的制备及其性能研究

以3种有机氯硅烷单体水解制备有机硅单体,有机硅单体改性了环氧树脂,水解条件为温度35～40℃,时间1～1.5 h,用水量n(H2O)∶n(Cl)=(6～7)∶1。通过红外光谱分析表明,有机硅主要是与环氧树脂中羟基发生化学反应。对环氧树脂改性前后的力学性能、耐热性和防潮性进行测试,结果表明,当n(R)/n(Si)为1.5时,拉伸强度可达23.91 MPa,弯曲强度达到29.24 MPa,冲击强度达到10.02 kJ/m2,50%的质量热损失温度431℃,分别比改性前提高了3.86 MPa,9.49 MPa,6.18 kJ/m2,30℃;同时,改性后树脂防潮性能也得到了提高。     

有机硅改性环氧树脂的制备及其性能研究

利用三种乙氧基硅烷单体混合不完全水解合成含乙氧基的有机硅低聚物,使其与环氧树脂反应成功制备出有机硅改性环氧树脂。探讨了不同水解用水量的有机硅对改性树脂固化物冲击强度、弯曲强度和热稳定性的影响。结果表明,当水解用水量为完全水解用水量的0.5倍时,环氧树脂固化物的耐热性和韧性均有明显提高,冲击强度达14.07 kJ/m2,弯曲强度达26.73 MPa,50 %的质量热损失温度达424 ℃;比未改性的纯环氧树脂分别提高了10.23 kJ/m2,6.98 MPa和23 ℃。     

电子封装用环氧树脂的增韧和提高耐热性研究

用α,ω 二氯聚二甲基硅氧烷(DPS)或α 氯聚二甲基硅氧烷(CPS)来改性普通双酚A环氧树脂(BPAER)和四溴双酚A环氧树脂(TBBPAER),目标是制备出一系列可用于电子封装的高韧性高耐热性的环氧基料。通过对固化物的冲击强度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)以及断裂面形态的测定,探讨了改性方法、有机硅组成与含量等对材料性能的影响。结果表明,当m(BPAER)∶m(DPS)=100∶10时,树脂固化物的冲击强度达到30 5kJ/m2,拉伸强度达46 95MPa,断裂伸长率达到60 23%,Tg达到141 3℃;分别比未改性BPAER提高了19 7kJ/m2,1 69MPa,54 29%以及5 9℃。而当m(TBBPAER)∶m(CPS)=100∶10时,固化物的冲击强度达到17 2kJ/m2,拉伸强度达39 89MPa,断裂伸长率达到5 60%,Tg达到147 0℃;分别比未改性TBBPAER提高了12 8kJ/m2,28 26MPa,4 29%以及7 9℃。     

EP/苯酚-苯胺型单环苯并噁嗪树脂共聚体系研究

采用无溶剂法合成了苯酚-苯胺型单环苯并噁嗪树脂(P-a),然后将其与环氧树脂(EP)进行共聚,并采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法对该共聚体系的固化特性进行了研究。结果表明:不同P-a/EP质量比的复合材料体系,其冲击强度由纯EP体系的16.12 kJ/m2分别降至14.51 kJ/m2(质量比10%)、13.90 kJ/m2(质量比30%)和14.15 kJ/m2(质量比50%);纯EP体系的弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别为100.56 MPa和3.46 GPa,而P-a/EP体系的最大弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别为110.26 MPa和3.84 GPa;EP/P-a体系含氮量最高为3.52%,但各组试样均燃尽,说明单纯增加树脂体系的氮含量并不能有效提高其垂直燃烧性能。     

有机硅改性酚醛树脂的研究

采用有机硅改性剂通过共混法改性了热固性酚醛树脂。通过红外,热重分析以及力学性能测试研究了有机硅用量对酚醛树脂热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:加入的有机硅改性剂的质量分数为25%时,酚醛树脂的主体结构分解温度提高了36℃,分解速率降低了21%,最终残炭率增加了10.05%,并且拉伸强度由49.68 MPa提高到77.46 MPa,冲击强度由8.3 kJ/m2提高到11.89 kJ/m2。     

硼酸铝晶须改性双酚A二氰酸酯树脂性能研究

对硼酸铝(Al18B4O33)晶须改性双酚A二氰酸酯(BADCy)树脂基体的力学性能及热性能进行了研究。经硅烷偶联剂处理后,5％(质量含量,下同)Al18B4O33晶须改性体系的弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了14．3％和5．9％;当晶须含量为8％时,体系的弯曲强度和冲击强度分别由原来的112．4MPa和9．17kJ／m2提高到了121．7MPa和10．36kJ／m2,热变形温度提高8℃;经24h水煮后力学性能保持率都在70％以上。     

有机硅核壳聚合物增韧环氧树脂胶黏剂

有机硅核壳聚合物(CSP)是一种以柔软而有弹性的交联有机硅(PDMS)为核、以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为壳的核壳聚合物,采用这种核壳聚合物增韧环氧基体树脂,采用FTIR、SEM、TGA和DSC对其化学结构、断面形貌和热性能进行了表征。结果表明,CSP添加量仅为10%即获得了最好的增韧效果,冲击强度达到了17.308 kJ/m~2,比纯环氧树脂的冲击强度提高了95.3%,拉伸强度、剪切强度在CSP添加量为30%时分别达到了峰值4.58 MPa和28.44 MPa,相比于纯环氧树脂分别提高了275%和120%。     

热塑性树脂改性氰酸酯树脂研究

采用热塑性树脂对双酚A型氰酸酯树脂（BADCy）进行增韧改性,根据改性BADCy的DSC曲线确定了改性BADCy的固化工艺。结果表明,热塑性树脂的加入对BADCy的固化行为影响较小,但能极大地提高BADCy的力学性能,当热塑性树脂质量分数为8％时,其弯曲强度和冲击强度分别从改性前的104．0MPa和6．0kJ／m^2提高到120．1MPa和14．2kJ／m^2,有效地增大了BADCy的韧性。     

纳米SiO_2对环氧树脂胶粘剂的改性机制及应用研究

环氧树脂(EP)具有粘接力强、电绝缘性好、稳定性高和固化收缩率小等优点,但由于纯EP固化后呈三维交联网状结构,导致其内应力大、质脆和抗冲击韧性较差。采用共混法将纳米SiO2(nano-SiO2)加入到EP基体树脂中,制备nano-SiO2/EP复合材料。结果表明:复合材料的剪切强度由16.66 MPa升至18.01 MPa,冲击强度从15.40 kJ/m2升至33.68 kJ/m2,弯曲强度从70.50 MPa升至85.94 MPa,最终nano-SiO2/EP复合材料体系的韧性比不含nano-SiO2体系提高了82.8%。     

有机硅核壳聚合物增韧环氧树脂胶黏剂

有机硅核壳聚合物(CSP)是一种以柔软而有弹性的交联有机硅(PDMS)为核、以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为壳的核壳聚合物,采用这种核壳聚合物增韧环氧基体树脂,采用FTIR、SEM、TGA和DSC对其化学结构、断面形貌和热性能进行了表征。结果表明,CSP添加量仅为10%即获得了最好的增韧效果,冲击强度达到了17.308 kJ/m²,比纯环氧树脂的冲击强度提高了95.3%,拉伸强度、剪切强度在CSP添加量为30%时分别达到了峰值4.58 MPa和28.44 MPa,相比于纯环氧树脂分别提高了275%和120%。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997