低甲醛硬挺剂TF-632的合成与应用研究

以三聚氰胺、甲醛等为原料,合成了性能优良的低甲醛硬挺剂TF-632,通过红外光谱分析,合成了醚化三聚氰胺类硬挺剂TF-632。研究了TF-632的最佳整理工艺,整理织物过程中,加工温度为200℃×60s,催化剂TF-630C用量为TF-63220%时,整理织物综合效果较好,抗弯刚度可达45mm,布面甲醛可控制在50～100ppm之间。整理织物除具有较好的硬挺度外,布面黄变较小。     

纯棉织物的硬挺整理

为了提高棉织物的硬挺度,降低织物上游离和水解甲醛含量,采用醚化六羟树脂M-6与PVA复配对棉织物进行硬挺整理。探讨了M-6树脂用量、PVA用量、催化剂用量、pH值、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对整理织物性能的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化得到最佳工艺:醚化六羟树脂M-6用量180g/L,PVA用量25g/L,催化剂氯化镁用量15g/L,整理液pH值5,100℃预烘3min,170℃焙烘2.5min。整理后棉织物的弯曲长度提高了6.44cm,织物上游离和水解甲醛量为138.1mg/kg,撕破强力下降率为23.0%,白度无明显变化。     

水分散性聚酯在涤纶箱包布硬挺整理中的应用

涤纶织物常用的硬挺整理剂三聚氰胺树脂存在严重的甲醛释放问题,聚丙烯酸酯类树脂整理的织物厚实感一般,为此采用环保型水分散性聚酯树脂对涤纶箱包布进行硬挺整理。通过研究焙烘时间、焙烘温度和聚酯树脂用量对硬挺整理涤纶箱包布抗弯刚度、折皱回复角和白度的影响,优化了聚酯树脂对涤纶箱包布的硬挺整理工艺。结果表明：采用质量分数为2%～3%的2号聚酯树脂,于210℃焙烘80 s,涤纶箱包布的纬向和经向抗弯刚度分别达108.2 mN·cm和82.9 mN·cm以上,折皱回复角达113.7°,白度值约为70%。     

纳米二氧化钛改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂研究

以锐钛型纳米二氧化钛为改性剂,对脲醛树脂胶黏剂进行改性研究,以期得到低毒脲醛树脂胶黏剂的制备工艺技术。首先使用无机复合修饰的合成路线,通过改变锐钛型纳米二氧化钛的添加量、纳米二氧化钛的添加时机和甲醛与尿素(F/U)的摩尔比进行实验,研究纳米二氧化钛对脲醛树脂胶黏剂产品性能的影响。结果表明:当甲醛与尿素(F/U)的摩尔比为1.3,纳米二氧化钛在树脂反应后期加入,且加入量为尿素质量的1%,合成出的脲醛树脂性能较好,湿状胶合强度达到0.8MPa,游离甲醛含量为0.49%。该胶黏剂符合国家标准GB14732-93中对水基缩甲醛类胶黏剂甲醛的限量规定小于0.5%的要求。     

甜菜碱型聚丙烯酸酯硬挺剂的合成与应用

为提高聚丙烯酸酯硬挺剂的力学性能并改善其热软冷脆的缺点,以可聚型甜菜碱两性离子单体为功能单体,甲基丙烯酸甲酯为硬单体,丙烯酸丁酯为软单体,采用无皂乳液聚合法制备甜菜碱型聚丙烯酸酯硬挺剂,用于汽车安全带(高强力涤纶织物)的硬挺整理.测试了硬挺剂及其整理后织物的各项性能.结果表明:甜菜碱含量越高,硬挺剂乳胶颗粒的粒径越小、...     

反渗透膜支撑体的制备

经硬挺整理后的涤纶针织物可作为反渗透膜的支撑体.探讨了整理剂选择的制约因素以及整理剂组分质量比对整理效果的影响,分析了整理剂用量、预烘温度、焙烘温度和焙烘时间等因素对织物性能的影响,并得出最佳整理工艺:整理剂[m(聚醋酸乙烯酯):m(环氧树脂)=7:1]用量为500 g/L,预烘温度110℃,190℃焙烘1.5 min.通过扫描电镜观察了整理前后织物的表面形态,结果表明:整理后织物的表面形成了硬挺整理剂薄膜,且分布均匀、致密.整理后织物强力和白度有所下降,但仍符合客户要求.     

环保型硬挺剂的合成及在纺织品上的应用

以丙烯酸和丙烯酸酯等为原料,氧化还原体系引发,经乳液聚合法合成了性能优良的环保型硬挺剂.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、Zeta电位和扫描电镜(SEM)等表征了它的结构和性能.探讨了pH值、培烘温度等因素对纺织品硬挺整理后综合性能的影响,利用正交试验得出该硬挺剂对棉织物的优化整理工艺条件:硬挺剂用量100 g/L,整理液pH为5,170℃焙烘2 min.棉织物经该整理剂优化工艺整理后的硬挺度提高了80%以上,水洗5次后硬挺度下降10%左右,具有较好的耐洗性.     

硬挺整理剂的合成及性能

采用乳液聚合法合成了硬挺整理剂,讨论了乳液聚合的工艺条件及单体配比对织物硬挺度等性能的影响,确定了硬挺剂合成的最佳工艺条件为:采用过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠组成的氧化还原引发体系,引发剂用量0.3%;乳化体系用阴/非离子复配,乳化剂用量为2%;聚合温度为70～72℃,软硬单体的比例为2:3.整理织物在130℃焙烘3 min不泛黄,且有一定的耐洗性.     

超低甲醛释放量地板基材用MUF树脂的研制

设计了3种超低游离甲醛含量的三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛(MUF)树脂基本工艺配方,合成和调配MUF树脂胶黏剂,用于生产超低甲醛释放量地板基材,并压贴强化木地板,检测分析树脂、地板基材及其强化木地板质量指标。结果表明,采用物质的量之比F/(U+1.5M)=0.83、三聚氰胺添加量7.0%~8.0%(占液体树脂的总质量)、尿素与三聚氰胺分3次添加的工艺配方,合成MUF树脂,其综合性能最佳,对应的地板基材的内结合强度(IB)、静曲强度(MOR)、吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)均达到现行地板基材标准要求,甲醛释放量能够稳定控制在3.5 mg/100 g以下,对应的强化木地板的吸水厚度膨胀率在14%以下,甲醛释放量为0.3~0.4 mg/L。     

黏胶针织物硬挺整理工艺优化及其相关服用性能研究

选用不同性能的整理剂对黏胶针织物进行整理,探讨整理剂用量对黏胶针织物硬挺性能的影响。在此基础上,采用正交试验法对黏胶织物的硬挺整理工艺进行优化,得到优化的整理工艺,并采用优化工艺对黏胶针织物进行整理。结果表明,经优化工艺整理后黏胶针织物的硬挺度增加,抗起毛起球性能显著提高,但顶破强力略有下降。     

自修复双层微胶囊的制备及其在玄武岩织物上的应用

为提高玄武岩织物的抗折性能,首先用原位聚合法制备单层微胶囊,囊壁为三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛共聚物(MUF),囊芯为环氧树脂;然后将固化剂二氨基二苯砜吸附在单层微胶囊表面,以MUF再次包覆制成双层微胶囊;最后将双层微胶囊涂覆到玄武岩织物表面。测试了微胶囊的微观形貌和化学结构,分析了微胶囊自修复玄武岩织物的自修复性能。结果表明:制备的微胶囊结构致密、表面光滑;当玄武岩纤维受到破坏时,微胶囊破裂流出修复剂和固化剂通过聚合反应生成网络大分子修复裂纹;修复7 d后玄武岩织物的最大断裂强力和折皱回复性能可基本恢复,延伸性能有很大改善,抗折性能得到有效提高。     

涤纶牛津布硬挺整理

分析了羟甲基化氨基树脂类硬挺剂TF-630在涤纶牛津布上进行硬挺整理的各工艺因素(树脂用量、催化剂TF-630C用量、焙烘温度和时间等)对整理效果的影响.试验结果表明,采用优化的各项工艺参数,不但能达到优良的硬挺效果,还能降低布面游离甲醛含量,减少刺激性气味.     

防潮中纤板用改性脲醛胶新工艺的开发

通过添加自制助剂和三聚氰胺对脲醛胶进行改性。用改性脲醛胶制备的中纤板性能达到GB/T 11718—2009《中密度纤维板》中普通型及家具型中密度纤维板在潮湿状态下的使用要求;用改性脲醛胶工业化生产地板基材用纤维板,其性能达到LY/T 1611—2003《地板基材用纤维板》的要求。     

Effects of formaldehyde/urea mole ratio and melamine content on the hydrolytic stability of cured urea-melamine-formaldehyde resin

The influence of formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratio and melamine content on the hydrolytic stability of urea-melamine-formaldehyde (UMF) resin was investigated. The hydrolytic stability of cured UMF resin was determined by measuring the mass loss and the liberated formaldehyde concentration after acid hydrolysis. A higher F/U mole ratio and greater melamine content of UMF resins resulted in lower hydrolytic stability. These results indicated that higher F/U mole ratio and greater melamine content resulted in more branched network structure, which subsequently increases the susceptibility of cured UMF resin toward acid hydrolysis.     

Effects of formaldehyde/urea mole ratio and melamine content on the hydrolytic stability of cured urea-melamine-formaldehyde resin

The influence of formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratio and melamine content on the hydrolytic stability of urea-melamine-formaldehyde (UMF) resin was investigated. The hydrolytic stability of cured UMF resin was determined by measuring the mass loss and the liberated formaldehyde concentration after acid hydrolysis. A higher F/U mole ratio and greater melamine content of UMF resins resulted in lower hydrolytic stability. These results indicated that higher F/U mole ratio and greater melamine content resulted in more branched network structure, which subsequently increases the susceptibility of cured UMF resin toward acid hydrolysis.     

On the performance of a melamine–urea–formaldehyde resin for decorative paper coatings

The decorative laminates industry is a highly competitive industrial sector. To be profitable, manufacturers of impregnated papers for surface laminated MDF and particleboards need to significantly reduce their production costs. Melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) formulations are commonly used for impregnation and coating of such papers, melamine being an important, but costly raw material used in high quantities. While MF is substituted by cheaper urea formaldehyde resins (UF) in the core impregnation, for paper surface films pure MF is used. Therefore, a further reduction in cost could be achieved if a portion of the melamine in the surface film was replaced by urea. In the present contribution, recent results of technological tests on paper laminates using a novel melamine–urea–formaldehyde resin (MUF) formulation are reported and their performance is compared to traditional surfaces made from MF.     

21—RESIN-FINISHING IN SITU: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCESS FOR IMPARTING A CREASE-RESISTANT FINISH TO COTTON FABRICS

A process for imparting a crease-resistant finish to cotton fabric by forming urea–formaldehyde resin in situ is described. It consists in padding the fabric through a solution containing urea with an inorganic salt as catalyst, exposing the wet material to formaldehyde vapour obtained by passing saturated steam into formalin in a reaction chamber, drying, and curing. Variable factors governing the formation of resin, namely, concentration of urea and catalyst, concentration and pH of formaldehyde, and exposure time, are studied. Their influence on the properties of the finished fabric is discussed.

This process is shown to have several advantages over the conventional one.     

Resin-assisted Fixation of a Reactive Dye onto Cotton Fabric and its Effect on Fabric Properties

Investigations carried out on cotton fabric with a monochlorotriazine reactive dye and phenol–formaldehyde and urea–formaldehyde resin systems in the presence of acid-liberating salts indicate that adequate dye retention coupled with good crease-recovery properties is attained when the phenol:formaldehyde ratio is 70:30 and the urea:formaldehyde ratio 60:40. The application is achieved by a one-bath pad/dry/bake procedure, baking (curing) being carried out at 170°C for 4 min.     

Emissions during combustion of particleboard and glued veneer

The combustion of particleboard and glued veneer was studied in order to evaluate if there are any negative effects on the environment from incineration of waste with adhesive. The particleboard was made with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin and the veneers were glued with different types of adhesives, UF, polyvinyl acetate, emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI), melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) and phenol resorcinol formaldehyde. The combustion tests were carried out in a fluidised sand bed reactor with a good oxygen supply at temperatures between 500°C and 1000°C for particleboard and at 750°C and 850°C for glued veneer. The emissions were compared with the emissions from combustion of pure wood and pellets made from wood. The results show that the emissions from both particleboard and glued veneer are similar to the emissions from pure wood. The only main difference is that the nitrogen oxide (NO_x) is increased when particleboard and nitrogen-containing adhesives, like UF, EPI and MUF, are combusted. The nitrogen from the adhesive is only to a minor extent converted to NO_x, e.g. only 4% of the nitrogen in particleboard gives NO_x.     

超低甲醛轻薄织物的抗皱免烫整理

轻薄织物经过羟甲基酰胺类化合物的改性体树脂LF-3进行抗皱免烫整理,采用浸轧焙烘工艺,通过测试整理织物的抗皱效果和布面游离甲醛含量等,确定最佳整理配方和工艺条件。