大型液体动压滑动轴承试验台系统设计

提出大型滑动轴承试验台总体设计方案,设计的试验台系统包括机械结构、驱动系统、润滑系统、控制系统和采集系统5个部分;采用有限元软件仿真分析试验台结构的合理性并优化结构设计。该试验台综合利用数字化建模、软件仿真、电气控制、传感器测试以及信号处理等相关技术,保证了试验台的性能稳定可靠。通过对试验台试验获得的转速、温度、压力、位移、振动加速度等试验数据的分析,验证了整个试验台系统设计的有效性,证明其可满足大型动压滑动轴承正常稳定运转的要求。     

测控仪器精密主轴系统设计

介绍了适合测控仪器所用的一种精密主轴系统的设计过程,详述了主轴系统的机械结构设计方法,并对主轴系统配套驱动电机的选型以及角度编码器的选型进行了概述。     

通用滑动轴承CAT系统的研制

本系统属于应用于型滑动轴承ＣＡＴ系统，它可以对各种动压，静压轴承行进不同状态下的性能测试，具有多通道快速巡回采样，数据处理，图形显示等功能。能实现对油膜压力，油膜厚度及油膜温度的测试。本试验台同时可以对轴承的动态特性进行测试。     

线支撑可倾瓦推力轴承性能的实验研究

设计、制造一新型推力滑动轴承试验台,并对不同工况下可倾瓦推力滑动轴承的动、静特性进行试验研究。该实验台能自动进行数据采集处理,可以完成油膜温度、压力以及动载工况下轴承座相对位移和绝对位移等参数的测量,为推力滑动轴承静动特性的理论研究提供了试验依据。     

滑动轴承性能测试的研究现状与展望

试验研究是滑动轴承性能研究的重要方面。文中论述了滑动轴承性能测试的试验台(试验单元、传动系统、加载系统和测控系统等)和滑动轴承测试研究的现状与进展,讨论并展望了滑动轴承试验研究中需要进一步关注的问题。     

船用电机滑动轴承的试验研究

针对所设计的船用电机滑动轴承，搭建了船用电机滑动轴承试验台，对不同工况试验条件下的滑动轴承进行了试验，得到了滑动轴承在不同试验条件下的润滑油温升情况、轴瓦温度的变化情况，以及轴瓦的磨损情况。试验数据表明，该船用电机滑动轴承能够满足各种实际工况的需要，验证了结构设计的合理性和正确性。     

动压滑动轴承在磨床中的应用及应急修复探究

就滑动轴承本身而言，其具有较强的承载能力，在滑动轴承工作的过程中，轴承上的油膜起着非常重要的作用，油膜的减振抗冲击效果较好。如果滑动轴承处于液体摩擦中，其摩擦系数较小，在运作过程中磨损较小，使用的时间较长，其回转的精度较高。滑动轴承自身具有独特的优点，目前在外圆磨床的主轴设计中得到广泛的应用。通过对滑动轴承运作过程进行深入的研究和分析，滑动轴承在很大程度上有利于维护磨床的主轴系统。     

砂轮架主轴支承与滑动轴承的装配工艺探究

对磨床砂轮架主轴支承类型及应用进行论述,载荷不大、转速不高的砂轮架,广泛使用多油楔动压滑动轴承,尤其是三片瓦式动压滑动轴承支承;对于高速、中高载荷的磨床砂轮架主轴采用滚动轴承支承。并通过实例,对短三片瓦式滑动轴承的结构、工作原理、技术要求进行分析,制定了不同用途磨床砂轮架的滑动轴承装配调整工艺及注意事项,为动压滑动轴承的装配调整提供了可行的工艺。     

开槽试验台的设计与有限元分析

针对用于金刚石锯片切削非金属材料的组合式一次切削成槽刀具,设计了开槽试验台,适用于对刀具关键参数进行试验。应用计算机软件建立了开槽试验台的模型,并对试验台机架的静载特性进行了分析。根据主轴实际约束状态,对主轴弯曲刚度、扭转刚度和模态进行研究,得到主轴的前六阶固有频率和振动特性,并根据临界转速判断主轴不存在共振的可能性。通过实际应用,确认所设计的开槽试验台在试验过程中运行稳定,刀具切削精度满足要求。     

采用粘度可控高水基液润滑的高速动静压陶瓷滑动轴承主轴设计

高速主轴作为高速高精密加工机床的关键技术,直接决定着机床的各项工作性能.文中提出一种对粘度一轴承间隙寻优,从而实现主轴高性能的高速高精密主轴设计方法,并设计出新型绿色、粘度可控的高水基液作为润滑剂,随后通过采用动静压陶瓷滑动轴承的高速主轴热弹流数值计算,确定了润滑剂粘度及主轴系统相关结构参数,最终完成了该高速主轴的结构设计.     

Thermal characteristics of misaligned finite journal bearings

Adiabatic analysis of a journal bearing is presented for maximum allowable misalignment with a length: diameter ratio of one. The direction of journal misalignment is allowed to vary up to the axial plane containing the load vector. Reynolds and energy equations are solved simultaneously using finite differences, considering both axial and spiral oil inlet conditions. The results show that bearing behaviour is significantly affected by journal misalignment. It is also noted that thermal effects are more pronounced for bearings with axial rather than spiral oil inlet grooves.     

机电工程类英文电子期刊数据库的高效利用

本文分析了外文机电工程类电子期刊数据库的主要特点,并根据自己近几年应用经验,介绍如何高效利用机电工程类英文期刊数据库。     

瞬变载荷作用下滑动轴承轴心轨迹计算仿真

为了研究动压滑动轴承在瞬变载荷作用下的润滑状况,在考虑轴颈惯性力和非线性油膜力的基础上,建立了滑动轴承轴心轨迹的运动方程,提出了采用欧拉法求解有限长滑动轴承瞬时轴心轨迹的数值方法。分别计算了在阶跃、矩形脉冲和正弦脉冲瞬变载荷作用下轴心轨迹、最大油膜压力及最小油膜厚度的变化规律。分析结果表明,在瞬变载荷作用时,轴心轨迹、最大油膜压力及最小油膜厚度都有较大的变化并呈现出一定的振荡过程。由于脉冲载荷的作用时间有限,随着其消失,轴心乃收敛于原平衡位置,而阶跃载荷则使轴心收敛于新的平衡位置。     

Investigations on the thermal effects in non-circular journal bearings

A comparative study based on the thermal performance of elliptical and offset-halves journal bearings has been carried out by solving energy equation while assuming Parabolic Temperature Profile Approximation across the fluid film for faster computation of temperatures. Investigation for the rise in oil film temperatures, thermal pressures, load capacity, and power loss for three commercially available grade oils have been carried out for bearing configurations under study. It has been found that the offset-halves journal bearing runs cooler when compared with elliptical journal bearing profile with minimum power loss and good load capacity using Oil 2 as lubricant for which minimum thermal degradation has been observed.     

轴受载变形产生的轴颈倾斜对滑动轴承润滑影响的研究

针对轴-轴承系统,建立了轴受旋转载荷作用时变形导致的轴颈倾斜对滑动轴承润滑性能影响的分析方法,并在研制的滑动轴承试验装置上进行了专项验证试验。试验结果表明,提出的基本方程、公式和分析方法可以满足研究要求。计算了轴受载变形导致轴颈倾斜情况下,轴承的油膜压力、端泄流量和轴颈摩擦因数等。结果显示,轴颈倾斜时,轴承油膜压力分布和油膜厚度分布有明显变化,最大油膜压力明显增加,最小油膜厚度减小很多,端泄流量略有增加,轴颈摩擦因数变化不大。     

倾斜轴颈轴向运动对粗糙表面径向滑动轴承润滑性能的影响研究

通常对轴-径向滑动轴承进行润滑分析时,均忽略多种因素综合作用下轴颈沿轴承轴线方向的运动状况,与轴-轴承系统中轴承的实际工作状况存在较大差异。以轴-轴承系统为研究对象,综合考虑轴颈轴向运动、表面形貌和轴颈倾斜,基于平均Reynolds方程,建立了耦合轴颈轴向运动的粗糙表面径向滑动轴承润滑模型,主要探讨分析轴颈轴向运动对粗糙表面倾斜轴颈轴承润滑特性的影响。结果表明：倾斜轴颈轴向运动对粗糙表面径向滑动轴承润滑特性影响显著;与不考虑滑动表面粗糙度相比,考虑滑动表面粗糙度时轴颈轴向运动对轴承润滑特性的影响程度有所降低;轴颈轴向速度越小,滑动表面粗糙度对轴承最大油膜压力、承载力和稳定工作力矩影响越大;轴颈轴向速度越小,粗糙度模式对轴承润滑特性影响越显著。因此,对粗糙表面倾斜轴颈径向滑动轴承进行润滑分析考虑轴颈轴向运动的影响是非常必要的。     

Experimental study of journal bearings with undulating journal surface

A journal bearing test rig was designed and constructed to test the behaviour of journals with wavy surfaces, the circumferential undulations being varied both in amplitude and in number. Results show that wavy journal surfaces may well enhance the load carrying capacity of a bearing. Moreover, surface undulations are shown to move the journal centre locus closer to the load line, ie cause a lower attitude angle. These effects are found to be more pronounced with larger wave amplitudes, and with higher numbers of waves around the journal circumference. In general, friction is found to be reduced with increase in surface wave amplitude.Good agreement is shown to exist between test results and a computer aided analysis conducted by the authors to predict wavy journals performance¹. It has been established that a wavy journal surface may, under certain conditions, display higher load capacity, lower friction and permit safer running of journal than bearings with perfectly smooth surfaces.     

Controllable high speed journal bearings, lubricated with electro-rheological fluids. An analytical and experimental approach

The problem of journal bearings control is of great importance in mechanical engineering. A very recent method for doing this is the creation of ‘smart' journal bearings using electro-rheological (ER) fluids. If such a fluid is used to lubricate a journal bearing system, it is expected that the imposition of an electric field between the rotor and the stator will cause an alteration in the dynamic properties of the journal bearing. In this paper an experiment in a high speed journal bearing (16 000 to 35 000 s⁻¹), with small radial clearance is presented. The alternation of the attitude locus (eccentricity and attitude angle) and the stiffness coefficients in a loaded journal bearing lubricated with ER fluid is investigated and presented. The Reynolds equation is solved using the finite element method in order to get the dynamic characteristics of the ER bearings vs the electric field and to simulate its dynamic behavior. The Bingham plastic model of non-Newtonian fluid flow behavior is used to described the ER lubricant. The accuracy of the algorithm is obtained by comparing the results published by previous investigators and the experimental data described in this paper. It is concluded that ER fluids can be used to create ‘smart' journal bearings. and vibration controllers can be constructed to control the dynamics and stability of the ER fluid lubricated bearings.     

计及轴颈轴向运动的径向滑动轴承润滑分析

以轴-径向滑动轴承系统为研究对象,综合考虑轴颈轴向运动和倾斜,建立了倾斜轴颈的轴承的流体动力润滑模型,采用有限差分法求解Reynolds方程,分析了不同的轴颈倾角、转速、偏心率和轴承间隙下的轴颈轴向运动对倾斜轴颈的轴承润滑性能的影响规律。结果表明：轴颈轴向运动对倾斜轴颈滑动轴承润滑特性影响显著,且影响程度与轴颈倾角和转速有直接的关系,倾角越大,对轴承润滑性能的影响越大,转速越低,对轴承润滑性能的影响越显著;轴承间隙越小,对轴承润滑性能的影响越大。     

A study of elastohydrodynamic effects in a three-lobe journal bearing

The effect of flexibility of bearing liner on the static and dynamic performance characteristics of a three-lobe journal bearing was studied. The three-dimensional Navier-Stokes and the continuity equations governing the lubricant flow in the clearance space of the journal bearing, and the three-dimensional e elasticity equations governing the displacement field in the bearing liner, were solved by using the finite element method and an iteration scheme. The static and dynamic performance characteristics were calculated at various eccentricities for a wide range of values of deformation coefficients which take into account the flexibility of the bearing liner.