固定化木瓜蛋白酶制备大豆肽的研究

采用固定化木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆分离蛋白,对大豆分离蛋白的最佳预处理温度进行了探讨,并对制备大豆肽的工艺条件进行了正交实验.结果表明:大豆蛋白的最佳预处理温度为90℃;在底物浓度2.7 mg/mL、温度55℃、pH7.8、流速0.6 mL/min的条件下,利用固定化木瓜蛋白酶制备大豆肽,酶解液中的可溶性蛋白含量为1.384 mg/mL,水解度43.65%;影响酶水解反应的因素主次顺序为:pH＞温度＞底物浓度＞流速.     

应用固定化胰蛋白酶制备大豆肽的研究

采用固定化胰蛋白酶水解大豆分离蛋白制备大豆低肽，对固定化胰蛋白酶水解工艺参数等进行了系统研究。结果表明：固定化胰蛋白酶的最适温度为60℃，最适pH为8．7，最佳底物浓度为2．0－3．0mg/mL，大豆分离蛋白的最佳流速为0．3mL/min，大豆分离蛋白的水解率达到45．6％，酶解液中大豆肽含量为1．462mg/mL。酶解液多肽分子量大部分在10000以下。     

应用固定化木瓜蛋白酶制备大豆肽的研究

以壳聚糖为载体,用戊二醛交联将木瓜蛋白酶固定化,研究水解大豆分离蛋白制备大豆肽的工艺条件,结果表明:固定化木瓜蛋白酶的表观米氏常数为8.9 mg/mL.固定化木瓜蛋白酶的最适温度为55℃,最适pH为7.8,最佳底物浓度为2.0～3.0 mg/mL,大豆分离蛋白的最佳流速为0.2 mL/min,大豆分离蛋白的水解率达到42.6%,酶解液中大豆肽含量为1.453 mg/mL.酶解液多肽分子质量大部分在10 ku以下.     

大豆蛋白改性酶解制备大豆肽的研究

利用大豆蛋白改性酶水解大豆分离蛋白制备大豆肽,以单因素试验和正交试验确定酶解最佳条件,通过高效液相法分析大豆肽的分子量分布,并检测了大豆肽的体外抗氧化效果。结果显示：在20g/L的底物浓度下的最佳条件为酶和底物比8 000U/g、温度55℃、pH值7.5、水解时间5h,水解度为51.4%。大豆肽主要为130～1 000u的短肽,占肽总量的86.3%。大豆肽对超氧阴离子（O2·^-）和羟自由基（.OH）的半最大清除浓度分别为1.3mg/mL和8.0mg/mL。表明大豆蛋白改性酶对大豆分离蛋白的水解能力较强,大豆肽有较强的抗氧化功能。     

大豆11S球蛋白水解肽的制备及抗氧化研究

以大豆11S球蛋白为原料,通过胰蛋白酶水解制备活性肽,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法确定最佳酶解条件,并检测大豆肽溶液的体外抗氧化性。结果表明,底物浓度2 mg/mL时的最佳水解条件为:酶和底物比4 900 U/g,pH8.1,温度44℃,水解时间2.6 h,此条件下经验证试验得到大豆肽的水解度为89.25%。大豆肽溶液对超氧阴离子自由基(O_2~-·)和羟自由基(·OH)都具有良好的清除效果,随着大豆肽溶液浓度的增加,O_2~-·和·OH的清除率也随之增加。当肽液浓度为12 mg/mL时,对O_2~-·的清除率最高达到46.86%;当肽液浓度为0.5 mg/mL时对·OH的清除率最高,达到33.73%。     

序贯设计优化大豆多肽制备工艺

以大豆分离蛋白为原料,在pH渐变条件下用碱性蛋白酶水解制备大豆多肽。采用序贯设计的方法考察了底物浓度、起始pH、温度、酶浓度、酶解时间对大豆蛋白水解的影响,并由此确定了最佳的酶解工艺条件:底物浓度4.92%、酶与底物蛋白比为2 758 kat/g蛋白、温度55℃、起始pH 11.0、水解时间7 h。在优化的条件下大豆蛋白的水解度可达到39.10 mg/100 g,多肽得率为63.21%。     

大豆球蛋白的水解研究

采用Nagano法从豆粕中分离大豆球蛋白,利用大豆蛋白改性酶解大豆球蛋白制备水解肽,以单因素试验和正交试验确定酶解最佳条件,通过高效液相法分析大豆球蛋白水解肽的分子量分布。结果显示:在20 g/L的底物浓度下的最佳条件为酶和底物比10 000 U/g,温度55℃,pH8.0,水解时间4 h。优组合条件下的水解度为69.6%。大豆球蛋白水解肽主要为130 u～1 000 u的短肽,占肽总量的86.5%,说明大豆球蛋白水解肽的均一性极高。     

酪蛋白源降胆固醇肽的酶解制备工艺优化

以酪蛋白为原料,采用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶以及胰蛋白酶对酪蛋白进行水解,确定制备降胆固醇肽的最佳蛋白酶;通过单因素实验和响应面试验,研究水解pH、水解温度、酶与底物比、底物浓度和水解时间对酪蛋白水解度和胆固醇胶束溶解度抑制率的影响,确定最佳水解条件;而后通过超滤和凝胶过滤层析确定降胆固醇肽的初步分离工艺。结果表明:制备酪蛋白源降胆固醇肽的最佳水解工具酶是中性蛋白酶,其最佳酶解条件为反应温度51.3 ℃,酶与底物浓度比6.47%,pH6.34,底物浓度5 g/100 mL,反应时间3.5 h,胆固醇抑制率为58.25%±0.59%;Sephadex G-10分离酪蛋白降胆固醇肽条件为上样浓度80 mg/mL,上样体积2.5 mL,洗脱速度3.5 mL/min;经酶解、超滤及层析后制备的酪蛋白源降胆固醇肽峰1和峰2样品在100 μg/mL的胆固醇溶解度抑制率为24.2%±0.24%和4.3%±0.16%。经酶解制备分离后,获得具有抑制降固醇胶束溶解活性的降胆固醇肽,为降胆固醇肽的开发提供理论研究基础。     

木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白的工艺优化研究

以大豆蛋白水解度为指标,通过单因素和正交试验研究了温度、pH、底物浓度和酶浓度四因素对木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白工艺的影响,并优化了工艺条件。试验结果表明,影响木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白的主次因素为温度、pH、酶浓度、底物浓度。最佳工艺参数组合为:温度60℃,pH7.5,酶浓度3.5%,底物浓度5%。在此工艺条件下,木瓜蛋白酶水解大豆蛋白40 min,水解度达到6.58%,大豆肽的氨基酸平均数目为15,平均分子量为1875。     

脱脂豆粕制备高水解度大豆肽酶解条件的优化

目的:研究高水解度大豆肽酶解的最佳条件;方法:以水解度为指标,采用响应面分析考察底物浓度、酶浓度、反应pH等因素对水解度的影响;结果:高水解度大豆肽的最佳酶解条件为:底物浓度8.58%、加酶量8 800 U/g底物、pH 11.20、温度55℃、时间3.0 h,该条件下得到的大豆肽水解度为36.8%;结论:试验结果可为大豆肽的酶解工艺提供依据.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press