一种分段式结构的变桨距垂直轴风力发电机研究

针对国内风电频率不稳定的问题,提出了一种分段式结构的变桨距垂直轴风力发电机方案.简要介绍了该变桨距垂直轴风力发电机的特点,并采用叶素理论和数值仿真方法对其气动性能进行了研究,结果表明此结构的变桨距垂直轴风力发电机在变桨距性能及叶片的强度和刚度方面更加优越,相信将对我国风力发电的发展起到一定的推动作用．     

论建造兆瓦级垂直轴式风力发电机组的合理性

以传统的水平轴螺旋桨式风力发电机组和垂直轴式达里厄型风力发电机组为例,从几个方面进行了对比评估。认为两者重量处在同一水平级上,而垂直轴式由于没有机舱、对风定向机构及叶片变距机构,发电机和增速器可配置在基座上及可取消角传动装置等一系列优点,因此从总体上来说优越性稍大于水平轴螺旋桨式。尤其是垂直轴式的风速工作范围可达20～25m/s,可降低发电成本,在风潜力大的地区具有较大的优越性。     

智能复合材料风力机叶片设计与有限元分析

随着风力发电机叶片的大型化,将智能材料粘贴在叶片表面或嵌入叶片内部形成新的结构,智能材料作为传感器和作动器。设计了小型风力发电机叶片及其智能夹层结构,用有限元分析软件Algor分析埋入的压电材料逆压电效应下的应力、位移,并与气动力作用下的叶片流体计算结果进行对比。分析实现叶片振动主动控制的可行性,以防止叶片这一弹性体发生颤振。     

浅谈风力发电机组控制技术研究方法

风力发电：把风的动能转变成机械动能,再把机械能转化为电力动能。风力发电的原理：是利用风力带动风车叶片旋转,再透过增速机将旋转的速度提升,来促使发电机发电。     

磁悬浮风力发电机零偏置电流控制策略研究

建立了5自由度磁悬浮轴承支撑的垂直轴风力发电机转子试验系统,研制了零偏置电流模拟控制器,通过试验方法研究了该控制器对系统动态性能的影响。结果表明,零偏置电流控制方式在显著降低磁悬浮轴承电能损耗的同时仍然能够保证垂直轴风力发电机转子系统稳定运行。     

风力发电机叶片研究发展概况

风力发电是具有大规模发展潜力的可再生能源,随着石油、煤炭等不可再生能源日益短缺,风力发电越来越被人们重视,世界各国风力发电装机容量与日俱增。风力发电机是实现风能转换为电能的核心设备之一,其中,风力发电机的叶片是十分关键的零部件,近年来,叶片的结构和材料的研究取得了丰硕的成果。介绍风力发电机研究现状,重点分析概述风力发电机叶片的技术发展现状。     

垂直轴风光互补照明装置

能源与环境问题已成为可持续发展面临的主要问题,太阳能和风能作为重要的可再生能源,取之不尽、用之不竭,且利用其发电不会产生有害气体,清洁干净。本文介绍了一种独立风光互补照明装置,它由太阳能和风能互补供电。装备由H型垂直轴风力发电机,太阳能电池板,铅酸蓄电池、风光互补控制器和照明设备构成。该装置运行平稳、效果良好。     

基于无人机图像的风力发电机叶片缺陷识别

针对风力发电机叶片人工检测低效,缺陷诊断难的问题,提出一种基于无人机与图像处理的风力发电机叶片缺陷识别方法。通过Halcon 12与Visual Studio 2015的联合开发,实现图像处理流程、检测结果输出以及缺陷回放等功能,包括相机标定、通过快速自适应加权中值滤波处理图像、动态阈值分割叶片图像缺陷特征,利用区域处理识别裂纹和砂眼等缺陷,并对缺陷进行分类与测量以及输出对叶片质量的分析报告等,实现风力发电机叶片表面缺陷的自动检测功能。通过实例验证了该方法在风力发电机叶片表面缺陷检测中的较高精确性与算法稳定性。     

风力发电机叶片的疲劳特性测试

以1.5MW水平轴风力发电机的叶片作为研究对象,通过测试叶片材料的S-N曲线,分析叶片根部的载荷谱,采用Miner疲劳累计理论对叶片的疲劳寿命进行分析评估,探索大型风电机组叶片的疲劳特性,评价叶片设计是否符合要求。结果表明:叶片挥舞方向为风力发电机组的主要损伤方向。     

亚洲首台海上风力发电机安装完毕

亚洲首台海上风力发电机日前安装完毕,90多m高的“大风车”已矗立在我国东海之上。     

Performance aspects of mains connected small-scale wind turbines

Small-scale wind turbines are seen as potentially playing an important part in the future UK electricity generation mix. As such it is important that the necessary turbine and generator systems are well matched in order to maximise power output and energy capture. A turbulent wind model is described that is suitable for use with small-scale wind turbines. The model is used along with models of the turbine, generator and power conversion system to study potential problems that can exist with incorrect turbine design. The wind model is verified by comparison with measured data while the generator and power converter model are verified by laboratory test. A small 2.5 kW, `H' bladed vertical axis wind turbine is then studied to examine the effect that different blade sections may have in turbulent winds. A symmetrical blade section is seen to cause potential stall problems while these are avoided by the use of a cambered blade section     

新型离网型风力机气动特性测试与分析

在低速风洞下对两种不同翼型的水平轴风力机进行气动特性实验研究,得到风力机的功率特性曲线;利用WAsP软件对当地风能资源评估,分析计算得到风谱图;最后计算两种不同翼型的风力机在不同地区风资源的单位面积年发电量。结果表明:在实际风场中采用新翼型风力机比传统翼型风力机单位面积发电量平均提高了28.4%。     

叶片局部损伤对大型水平轴风力机静动态特性影响的仿真分析

基于参数化整机模型研究风力机的静态和动态特性,以及叶片局部损伤对单叶片和整机的静动态特性影响规律,揭示叶片局部损伤与这些特性的关系。使用ANSYS的APDL语言,实现MW级水平轴风力机复合材料叶片的参数化建模;采用公共几何元素、连接单元和自由度耦合等方法,组建包含叶片、轮毂、塔架等部件的整机有限元模型。计算分析了重力、离心力和风压力共同作用下正常整机和包含叶片局部损伤的整机在迎风位置时的静态响应。比较了正常和损伤状态下根部固定单叶片和装入整机中叶片的动态应变响应。研究表明:对根部固定的单叶片,风轮面内的动态应变响应随迎风面损伤程度的增大而减小;对整机中的叶片,垂直风轮面的动态应变响应随迎风面损伤程度的增大而增大。研究方法和结论对大型水平轴风力机叶片损伤的在线监测具有重要 意义。     

Electric vehicle battery charging framework using artificial intelligence modeling of a small wind turbine based on experimental characterization

The objective of this paper is to develop a generic electric vehicle battery charging framework using wind energy as the direct energy source. A robust model for a small vertical axis wind turbine based on an artificial neural network algorithm is used for predicting its performance over a wide range of operating conditions. The proposed framework can be implemented at any location worldwide where full prediction of the wind signature is perfectly obtained. In this paper, a small vertical axis wind turbine has been experimentally characterized at different operating conditions, where measured data, output power, and torque have been used to build the model. Once the model has been developed, the model is inserted into the MATLAB/Simulink software tool to predict the charging performance of a battery for an electric vehicle. An rpm controller has been used to achieve the maximum generated power from the wind turbine across the day with various wind speeds. Hence, the generated power is fed to the EV battery charger to implement the constant current constant voltage charging protocol. The charging current reached the desired value in a settling time of 4.5 s, whatever the intermittency of the wind energy. The proposed application of wind energy to EV provides sufficient constant power supported by the utility grid.

Graphical Abstract

     

Savonius风力机的适用性分析

根据Savonius风力机的结构特点和性能,分析其适用性。经过优化后的Savonius风力机非常适用于低风速下风力发电,而低风速区在我国的分布范围非常广泛。因此开发Savoniu。风力机,对更广泛地利用风能有着重要的意义。     

Multi-objective material selection for wind turbine blade and tower: Ashby’s approach

The world today is continuously striving towards carbon neutral clean energy technology. Hence, renewable energy sources like wind power system is increasingly receiving the attention of mankind. Energy production is now no more the sole criterion to be considered when installing new megawatt (MW) range of turbines. Rather some important design parameters like structural rigidity, cost effectiveness, life cycle impact, and, above all, reduced mass come into the scenario from new installation point of view. Accordingly, these issues are followed up in this article from wind turbine design perspective. The study, at the outset, aims to establish blade and tower material selection indices on the basis of inherent structural constraints and potential design objectives. Next, it highlights entire blade and tower material selection aspects for small and large scale horizontal axis wind turbines, both for onshore and offshore application. Finally, it distinguishes advanced blade and tower materials in agreement with multiple constraint, compound objective based design optimization procedure. Findings from the study can be deployed to harness massive scale wind energy from structurally more promising, economically more competitive and environmentally more clean and green turbines.     

Performance of Gradient-Based Optimizer for Optimum Wind Cube Design

Renewable energy is a safe and limitless energy source that can be utilized for heating, cooling, and other purposes. Wind energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources. Power fluctuation of wind turbines occurs due to variation of wind velocity. A wind cube is used to decrease power fluctuation and increase the wind turbine’s power. The optimum design for a wind cube is the main contribution of this work. The decisive design parameters used to optimize the wind cube are its inner and outer radius, the roughness factor, and the height of the wind turbine hub. A Gradient-Based Optimizer (GBO) is used as a new metaheuristic algorithm in this problem. The objective function of this research includes two parts: the first part is to minimize the probability of generated energy loss, and the second is to minimize the cost of the wind turbine and wind cube. The Gradient-Based Optimizer (GBO) is applied to optimize the variables of two wind turbine types and the design of the wind cube. The metrological data of the Red Sea governorate of Egypt is used as a case study for this analysis. Based on the results, the optimum design of a wind cube is achieved, and an improvement in energy produced from the wind turbine with a wind cube will be compared with energy generated without a wind cube. The energy generated from a wind turbine with the optimized cube is more than 20 times that of a wind turbine without a wind cube for all cases studied.     

海上风机单桩基础受船舶撞击的数值研究

目前国内没有海上风机受船舶撞击的相关规范和损伤评估标准,以国内某单桩基础海上风机为例,运用LS-DYNA软件从能量变化、最大撞击力和风机响应角度对风机受船舶撞击过程进了分析,并提出面积受损率来评估风机受损程度。分析结果显示:船舶初始动能在分别不超过约35 MJ、35 MJ、25 MJ时,最大撞击力与船舶质量的1/3次方、速度、撞击角度的正弦值成线性关系,超过时线性关系不再明显;面积受损率能合理反映单桩基础的受损区域和受损面积。     

Vibration Performance,Stability and Energy Transfer of Wind Turbine Tower via Pd Controller

In this paper, we studied the vibration performance, energy transfer and stability of the offshore wind turbine tower system under mixed excitations. The method of multiple scales is utilized to calculate the approximate solutions of wind turbine system. The proportional-derivative controller was applied for reducing the oscillations of the controlled system. Adding the controller to single degree of freedom system equation is responsible for energy transfers in offshore wind turbine tower system. The steady state solution of stability at worst resonance cases is studied and examined. The offshore wind turbine system behavior was studied numerically at its different parameters values. Furthermore, the response and numerical results were obtained and discussed. The stability is also analyzed using technique of phase plane and equations of frequency response. In addition, the numerical results and comparison between analytical and numerical solutions were obtained with MAPLE and MATLAB algorithms.     

Stealth technology for wind turbines

Currently, a large proportion of proposed UK wind farms have either concerns raised at the pre-planning stage or formal objections made by radar operators on the basis of the potential for wind turbines to cause interference to radar systems. The current generation of on and off-shore three-bladed horizontal axis wind turbines have radar signatures consistent with their often very large physical size and hence considerable potential to reduce the ability of ground-based radars to detect targets in the vicinity of the farm. The impact of wind farms, particularly on ground-based aviation radars such as those operated for air defence and military and civil air traffic control purposes is likely to become particularly acute as European Union member governments strive to meet the requirements for energy generation under the Renewables Obligation. In addition, the increasing number of offshore wind farm projects proposed has the potential to cause interference to marine radars such as coastal vessel traffic services and those on-board vessels for navigational purposes. This study considers the options available for the reduction of turbine radar signature and presents solutions for each of the main external turbine components. The radar signature reduction approaches are based on existing technologies developed for aerospace stealth applications. However, the realisation of these for the purposes of reducing wind turbine radar signatures is a novel development, particularly in the solutions proposed. The reduction of wind turbine-induced radar interference is a growing area of research.