不完备区间值模糊信息系统的粗糙集理论

考虑到模糊信息系统的不完备性和信息值的不确定性,讨论了不完备区间值模糊信息系统的粗糙集理论,给出了粗糙近似算子的性质。研究了不完备区间值模糊信息系统上的知识发现,提出了基于不完备区间值决策表的决策规则和属性约简,最后给出算例。     

区间值信息系统的决策属性约简

借助于属性区间值的相似程度在区间值信息系统上定义了一种具有变精度的相容关系,讨论了在这种相容关系下决策区间值信息系统的决策属性约简与决策属性相对约简,并得到了求决策属性约简与决策属性相对约简的具体操作方法。     

A fuzzy knowledge-based system for intelligent retrieval

For many knowledge-intensive applications, it is important to develop an environment that permits flexible modeling and fuzzy querying of complex data and knowledge including uncertainty. With such an environment, one can have intelligent retrieval of information and knowledge, which has become a critical requirement for those applications. In this paper, we introduce a fuzzy knowledge-based (FKB) system along with the model and the inference mechanism. The inference mechanism is based on the extension of the Rete algorithm to handle fuzziness using a similarity-based approach. The proposed FKB system is used in the intelligent fuzzy object-oriented database (IFOOD) environment, in which a fuzzy object-oriented database is used to handle large scale of complex data while the FKB system is used to handle knowledge of the application domain. Both the fuzzy object-oriented database system and the fuzzy knowledge-based system are based on the object-oriented concepts to eliminate data type mismatches. The aim of this paper is mainly to introduce the FKB system of the IFOOD environment.     

一种模糊知识库系统及其推理机制研究

介绍了一种具有模糊推理机制的模糊知识系统的基本结构、知识表示和推理机制,阐述了在模糊知识库设计与实现中,模糊推理机构造和工作流程设计的方法。该系统推理机制是基于传统RETE算法的扩展,通过使用相似性方法来处理模糊问题,实现了一种较为理想的不确定性推理;同时系统采用正向和反向推理相结合的双向推理机,使推理具有较高的准确性。最后给出了一个实例验证系统可行性。     

Fuzzy set-based methods in instance-based reasoning

A formal framework of instance-based prediction is presented in which the generalization beyond experience is founded on the concepts of similarity and possibility. The underlying extrapolation principle is formalized within the framework of fuzzy rules. Thus, instance-based reasoning can be realized as fuzzy set-based approximate reasoning. More precisely, our model makes use of so-called possibility rules. These rules establish a relation between the concepts of similarity and possibility, which takes the uncertain character of similarity-based inference into account: inductive inference is possibilistic in the sense that predictions take the form of possibility distributions on the set of outcomes, rather than precise (deterministic) estimations. The basic model is extended by means of fuzzy set-based modeling techniques. This extension provides the basis for incorporating domain-specific (expert) knowledge. Thus, our approach favors a view of instance-based reasoning according to which the user interacts closely with the system     

区间犹豫模糊三角相似度及其多属性群决策

构建了区间犹豫模糊三角相似度公式,并且研究了区间犹豫模糊环境下属性权重信息完全未知的多属性群决策方法。首先基于正弦三角函数构造了区间犹豫模糊三角相似度公式,并证明其满足区间犹豫模糊相似度公理化定义的四个条件;接着给出了区间犹豫模糊交叉熵的公理性定义,同时研究了区间犹豫模糊相似度和区间犹豫模糊交叉熵的关系;最后基于区间犹豫模糊三角相似度,提出了在属性权重信息完全未知条件下的区间犹豫模糊多属性群决策方法,并用实例验证该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Positive approximation and converse approximation in interval-valued fuzzy rough sets

Methods of fuzzy rule extraction based on rough set theory are rarely reported in incomplete interval-valued fuzzy information systems. Thus, this paper deals with such systems. Instead of obtaining rules by attribute reduction, which may have a negative effect on inducting good rules, the objective of this paper is to extract rules without computing attribute reducts. The data completeness of missing attribute values is first presented. Positive and converse approximations in interval-valued fuzzy rough sets are then defined, and their important properties are discussed. Two algorithms based on positive and converse approximations, namely, mine rules based on the positive approximation (MRBPA) and mine rules based on the converse approximation (MRBCA), are proposed for rule extraction. The two algorithms are evaluated by several data sets from the UC Irvine Machine Learning Repository. The experimental results show that MRBPA and MRBCA achieve better classification performances than the method based on attribute reduction.     

区间值信息系统在双精度容差关系下的约简

为了处理一般的区间值信息系统,给出了基于相离度的相似度定义,提出了基于相似度和相似率的双精度容差关系,讨论了在双精度容差关系下区间值信息系统的属性约简与判定,并给出了一种新的基于二进制辨识矩阵的属性约简算法,同时还分别讨论了相似度和相似率对区间值信息系统的属性约简的影响。通过实例分析说明了属性约简的具体操作方法和算法的有效可行性。     

Graded dominance interval-based fuzzy objective information systems

Dominance interval-based fuzzy objective information systems are generalized models of single-valued fuzzy information systems. By introducing a graded dominance relation to dominance interval-valued fuzzy objective information systems, we establish a graded dominance interval-valued rough set model (RSM), which is mainly based on replacing the indiscernibility relation in classical rough set theory with the graded dominance interval-valued relation. Furthermore, in order to simplify knowledge representation and extract nontrivial simpler graded dominance interval fuzzy decision rules, we propose two attribute reduction approaches to eliminate the redundant condition attributes that are not essential from the viewpoint of graded dominance interval-valued fuzzy decision rules. These results are helpful for decision-making analysis in dominance interval-valued fuzzy objective information systems.     

区间序信息系统及其属性约简算法

在不含决策属性的区间序信息系统中,区间偏序关系的不完备性造成信息流失。针对该问题,提出一种新的基于区间模糊数的区间序全序关系,以此建立区间序信息系统,并分析其相关上、下近似的单调性和包含性。采用不可区分函数的方法,给出区间序信息系统的属性约简算法,并通过算例验证了该算法的有效性。     

Rule extraction based on granulation order in interval-valued fuzzy information system

Methods of fuzzy rule extraction based on rough set theory are rarely reported in incomplete interval-valued fuzzy information systems. This paper deals with such systems. Instead of obtaining rules by attribute reduction, which may have a negative effect on inducting good rules, the objective of this paper is to extract rules without computing attribute reducts. The data completeness of missing attribute values is first presented. Two different approximation methods are then defined. Two algorithms based on the two approximation methods, called MRBFA and MRBBA are proposed for rule extraction. The two algorithms are evaluated by a housing database from UCI. The experimental results show that MRBFA and MRBBA achieve better classification performances than the method based on attribute reduction.     

一种基于信息熵的模糊粗糙集知识获取方法

模糊粗糙集融合了模糊集和粗糙集的思想,是一种新的处理模糊和不确定性知识的软计算工具。针对属性为模糊值的信息系统,提出了一种基于熵的模糊粗糙集知识获取方法:首先通过模糊相似度量计算出各属性下对象的模糊相似值,再根据模糊相似关系构造模糊等价关系,然后根据模糊等价关系建立属性集的信息熵表示,继而使用基于信息熵的决策表属性约简算法获取规则。最后,通过一个实例,分析说明了这种算法的合理有效性。     

Some induced intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators applied to multi-attribute group decision making

In this paper, we define various induced intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators, including induced intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator, induced intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid averaging (I-IFHA) operator, induced interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy OWA operator, and induced interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid averaging (I-IIFHA) operator. We also establish various properties of these operators. And then, an approach based on I-IFHA operator and intuitionistic fuzzy weighted averaging (WA) operator is developed to solve multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems. In such problems, attribute weights and the decision makers' (DMs') weights are real numbers and attribute values provided by the DMs are intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IFNs), and an approach based on I-IIFHA operator and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy WA operator is developed to solve MAGDM problems where the attribute values provided by the DMs are interval-valued IFNs. Furthermore, induced intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid geometric operator and induced interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid geometric operator are proposed. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the developed approaches.     

An approach for multiple attribute group decision making problems with interval-valued intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers

This article proposes an approach to resolve multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems with interval-valued intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (IVITFNs). We first introduce the cut set of IVITFNs and investigate the attitudinal score and accuracy expected functions for IVITFNs. Their novelty is that they allow the comparison of IVITFNs by taking into accounting of the experts’ risk attitude. Based on these expected functions, a ranking method for IVITFNs is proposed and a ranking sensitivity analysis method with respect to the risk attitude is developed. To aggregate the information with IVITFNs, we study the desirable properties of the interval-valued intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy weighted geometric (IVITFWG) operator, the interval-valued intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy ordered weighted geometric (IVITFOWG) operator, and the interval-valued intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy hybrid geometric (IVITFHG) operator. It is worth noting that the aggregated value by using these operators is also an interval-valued intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy value. Then, based on these expected functions and aggregating operators, an approach is proposed to solve MAGDM problems in which the attribute values take the form of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and the expert weights take the form of real numbers. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.     

基于改进熵和新得分函数的区间直觉模糊多属性决策

针对决策信息为区间直觉模糊数且属性权重完全未知的多属性决策问题, 提出基于改进的区间直觉模糊熵和新得分函数的决策方法. 首先, 利用改进的区间直觉模糊熵确定属性权重; 然后, 利用区间直觉模糊加权算术平均算子集成信息, 得到各备选方案的综合属性值, 进而指出现有得分函数存在排序失效或排序不符合实际的不足, 同时给出一个新的得分函数, 并以此对方案进行排序; 最后, 通过实例表明了所提出方法的有效性.

     

Application of correlation coefficient to interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy multiple attribute decision-making with incomplete weight information

With respect to multiple attribute decision-making problems with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information, some operational laws of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, correlation and correlation coefficient of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets are introduced. An optimization model based on the negative ideal solution and max-min operator, by which the attribute weights can be determined, is established. We utilize the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy weighted averaging operator proposed by Xu (Control Decis 22(2):215–219, 2007) to aggregate the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy information corresponding to each alternative, and then rank the alternatives and select the most desirable one(s) according to the correlation coefficient. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.     

Some induced geometric aggregation operators with intuitionistic fuzzy information and their application to group decision making

With respect to multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in which both the attribute weights and the expert weights take the form of real numbers, attribute values take the form of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers or interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, some new group decision making analysis methods are developed. Firstly, some operational laws, score function and accuracy function of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers or interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are introduced. Then two new aggregation operators: induced intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted geometric (I-IFOWG) operator and induced interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy ordered weighted geometric (I-IIFOWG) operator are proposed, and some desirable properties of the I-IFOWG and I-IIFOWG operators are studied, such as commutativity, idempotency and monotonicity. An I-IFOWG and IFWG (intuitionistic fuzzy weighted geometric) operators-based approach is developed to solve the MAGDM problems in which both the attribute weights and the expert weights take the form of real numbers, attribute values take the form of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Further, we extend the developed models and procedures based on I-IIFOWG and IIFWG (interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy weighted geometric) operators to solve the MAGDM problems in which both the attribute weights and the expert weights take the form of real numbers, attribute values take the form of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Finally, some illustrative examples are given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.     

基于云模型的区间直觉模糊数多属性群决策

针对属性值为区间直觉模糊数的多属性群决策问题,考虑到模糊性和随机性对群决策过程及结果的影响,本研究将利用云模型理论结合区间直觉模糊数的特征,运用灰色关联系数法和信息熵理论确定专家和属性权重,通过信息集结构建综合评价云模型.不同于传统的区间直觉模糊数的排序方法,本研究利用云模型的3En规则将区间直觉模糊数进行云转换并通过云相似度确定方案的综合评价值和犹豫度,然后对决策方案进行比较分析.研究结果表明:该方法能够科学有效地进行决策,进而为决策方提供科学依据.     

Rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems

The notion of a rough set was originally proposed by Pawlak [Z. Pawlak, Rough sets, International Journal of Computer and Information Sciences 11 (5) (1982) 341-356]. Later on, Dubois and Prade [D. Dubois, H. Prade, Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets, International Journal of General System 17 (2-3) (1990) 191-209] introduced rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets as a generalization of rough sets. This paper deals with an interval-valued fuzzy information system by means of integrating the classical Pawlak rough set theory with the interval-valued fuzzy set theory and discusses the basic rough set theory for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems. In this paper we firstly define the rough approximation of an interval-valued fuzzy set on the universe U in the classical Pawlak approximation space and the generalized approximation space respectively, i.e., the space on which the interval-valued rough fuzzy set model is built. Secondly several interesting properties of the approximation operators are examined, and the interrelationships of the interval-valued rough fuzzy set models in the classical Pawlak approximation space and the generalized approximation space are investigated. Thirdly we discuss the attribute reduction of the interval-valued fuzzy information systems. Finally, the methods of the knowledge discovery for the interval-valued fuzzy information systems are presented with an example.