固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆和大豆溶栓活性的比较研究

研究固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆和发酵大豆的影响因素,并将发酵后鹰嘴豆和大豆的溶栓活力进行比较研究。研究发现,固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆和大豆的最佳工艺条件为:p H为6.5,温度为38、36℃,时间为48 h,接菌量为16 g/g,液料比为15 m L/g。通过比较固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆和发酵大豆的溶栓活力发现,发酵后鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力均在一定程度上优于发酵大豆。研究改良了传统纳豆拉丝、臭味等问题,丰富了鹰嘴豆资源的利用途径,为新型保健功能食品开发提供了技术支撑,为带动豆类经济作物发展开辟新型绿色农业做出了贡献。     

纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆固载条件研究

通过单因素优化实验研究影响固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆溶栓活力的因素,优化固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆的条件,为发酵鹰嘴豆的进一步开发利用以及工业化生产提供依据。结果表明,固载基质种类、基质浓度、氯化钙浓度、菌液浓度和菌球直径对固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力均有较大影响。纳豆菌固载的最优条件为:固载基质为海藻酸钠,海藻酸钠浓度7%(W/V)、氯化钙浓度2.5%(W/V)、菌液浓度7.4 log cfu/m L、菌球直径5 mm,此固载条件下制备的菌球具有极高的可复用性。采用单因素实验对固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆工艺进行优化,得到的优化条件极大地提高了发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力,具有极高的可行性,可在实际生产中推广应用。     

响应面法优化固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆工艺

采用响应面法确定固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆的最佳工艺条件,为发酵鹰嘴豆的进一步开发利用提供技术参考。在单因素试验的基础上,以pH值、发酵时间和发酵温度为影响因素,以发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力为响应值,根据中心组合试验原理设计(Central Composite Design)3因素3水平响应面试验,对固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆的工艺进行优化。通过响应面分析建立发酵鹰嘴豆溶栓活力(Y)对pH值(A)、发酵时间(B)、发酵温度(C)的二次回归模型:Y=1861.47-74.56A+305.50B-28.82C+203.66AB+30.82AC-18.16BC-244.11A~2-203.68B2-70.64C~2(R~2=0.9981),模型的拟合程度良好,其中pH值、发酵时间、发酵温度对发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力均有极显著的影响(P0.01),pH值与发酵时间的交互作用对发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力也有极显著的影响(P0.01),pH值与发酵温度的交互作用对发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力则表现出显著的影响(P0.05)。固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆的最佳工艺条件为:在pH 6.5、发酵时间58.5h、发酵温度37.5℃的条件下进行发酵,得到的发酵鹰嘴豆的溶栓活力达1976.24IU/g,与理论预测值1989.13IU/g接近。采用响应面法优化固载纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆工艺溶栓活力良好,优化后的新工艺可在实际生产中推广应用,并作为新型溶栓保健功能食品大规模在市场上推广。     

纳豆菌固体发酵条件及产品成分分析

对纳豆菌固体发酵条件进行了研究,确定最佳条件为:浸泡后的大豆在121℃高压蒸煮30min,纳豆菌接种量2%,于37℃发酵24h,再置于4℃冰柜后熟24h。成熟的纳豆产品纳豆激酶活力可达670.15IU/g湿纳豆,同时对纳豆产品的感官特性、主要特性成分进行了评价和测定分析。     

富硒纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆产多肽及抗氧化性研究

对纳豆菌进行硒的富集，通过单因素和响应面试验，确定了富硒纳豆菌发酵鹰嘴豆产多肽的最佳发酵条件：接种量2%、发酵温度37℃、发酵时间33 h、液料比20∶1 (mL/g),在此条件下多肽含量为1.15 mg/mL,纳豆激酶活性为(40.56±0.19)FU/g,富硒培养能提高发酵液抗氧化能力。     

嗜热链球菌发酵改良纳豆工艺优化

采用嗜热链球菌为改良菌种,通过二次发酵改良纳豆。熟制灭菌后的大豆在纳豆菌接种量2%、发酵温度37℃、发酵时间24 h条件下进行一次发酵。以嗜热链球菌的发酵温度、发酵时间、接种量为因素,以感官评分、纳豆激酶酶活为指标,通过单因素和响应面实验,研究嗜热链球菌二次发酵改良纳豆的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:在发酵温度42℃、发酵时间18.6 h、接种量1.5%时改良效果最佳,得到的感官评分为8.0分,纳豆激酶酶活为1964 U/g。改良效果较好,纳豆臭味下降,纳豆激酶酶活提高。     

鹰嘴豆粉面包的加工工艺优化及品质分析

为使营养丰富的鹰嘴豆在食品加工中有更广泛的应用,该文以鹰嘴豆粉为面包辅料,结合质构、感官评价等指标,采用单因素和响应面试验,对鹰嘴豆粉面包加工工艺进行探究,以获取新品种面包的最佳工艺配方。结果表明,最佳工艺配方为鹰嘴豆粉添加量13 g、白砂糖添加量15 g、发酵时间60 min、烘焙温度178℃、烘焙时间20 min。此配方生产的鹰嘴豆粉面包具有鹰嘴豆的独特香味、色泽金黄、形态饱满、组织均匀有弹性,感官评分为96。蛋白质和膳食纤维含量分别为10.97 g/100 g和4.03 g/100 g,其中蛋白质含量高于普通面包28.6%,膳食纤维含量高于普通面包38.0%。     

花生芽鹰嘴豆复合酸奶的发酵工艺优化

以奶粉、花生芽和鹰嘴豆为主要原料,安琪12菌型酸奶发酵剂为发酵菌种,制备花生芽鹰嘴豆复合酸奶。以酸度、黏度、乳酸菌数、感官评分为评价指标,研究糖添加量、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间对花生芽鹰嘴豆复合酸奶发酵的影响,并采用正交试验优化其发酵条件。结果表明,各因素对酸奶感官评分的影响顺序依次为接种量>糖添加量>发酵温度>发酵时间;各因素对乳酸菌数的影响依次为接种量、发酵时间、发酵温度、糖添加量。花生芽鹰嘴豆复合酸奶最佳发酵工艺条件为接种量5 g/L,白砂糖添加量8%,发酵温度39℃,发酵时间24 h。此优化条件下获得的酸奶风味良好,乳酸菌数为8.11×108CFU/m L,感官评分为92分,酸度为78.31°T。     

模糊综合评判结合响应面法优化鹰嘴豆酸奶发酵工艺

以鹰嘴豆、椰浆为主要原料,白砂糖为辅料,嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)、保加利亚乳杆菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus)为发酵菌种,制备鹰嘴豆酸奶。以持水力及感官评分的模糊综合评判值为评价指标,采用单因素试验及响应面法对其发酵工艺进行优化。结果表明,鹰嘴豆酸奶的最佳发酵工艺为鹰嘴豆浆添加量68%、椰浆添加量16%、白砂糖添加量7%,在42℃条件下发酵7 h,其口感嫩滑,酸甜可口,具有独特风味,感官评分为89.20分,持水力为57.39%,模糊综合评判值为0.97,其乳酸菌活菌数(8.33×10⁶ CFU/g)、糖度(7.17°Bx)、蛋白质含量(2.14 g/100 g)、pH(4.22)均符合中国卫生监督协会发布的团体标准T/WSJD 12—2020《植物蛋白饮料植物酸奶》中对复合植物酸奶的品质指标要求。     

响应面法优化水豆豉纯种发酵产大豆异黄酮的条件

目的:为了提高水豆豉中大豆异黄酮的最高产量,通过响应面法优化水豆豉纯种发酵产大豆异黄酮的条件。方法:利用前期筛选出来的水豆豉高效发酵菌株进行黄豆发酵,经过单因素实验得到较优的3个水平,以大豆异黄酮含量和感官评价得分为响应值,通过响应面实验获得最优发酵条件。结果:水豆豉的最优发酵条件为发酵温度40℃、发酵时间4d、接菌量1.00%。在此条件下进行发酵,可获得最高大豆异黄酮含量和感官评价得分,分别为881.28mg/kg和74.50分。结论:获得该菌株的最佳发酵条件,为研发高产大豆异黄酮的水豆豉积累了资料。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press