精益6σ在注塑机快速换模中的应用

阐述了快速换模在精益生产中的重要意义,简要列举了快速换模技术的原理与涉及到的相关术语,提出了运用精益6σ模式实现快速换模技术的一般模式,系统地总结了精益6σ在注塑包装生产中实现快速换模的具体步骤.     

精益6西格玛——精益生产和6西格玛的有效结合

6西格玛旨在消除变异,稳定流程,获得顾客满意和最终显著提高绩效.而精益方法关注减少浪费、优化流程和降低成本.通过对比分析,指出了各自的优势与不足,剖析了二者整合的优势--其本质都旨在实现持续改进的管理模式,可以进行优势互补.在此基础上,给出了精益生产和6西格玛管理法的整合路线.精益6西格玛作为精益生产和6西格玛的有效结合,最终会获得竞争对手难以模仿的竞争优势.     

精益生产在生产线改善中的应用研究

通过选取卡莱轮胎公司生产车间质量控制(QC)区域为改善现场,开展生产线物流、工时测量和生产线平衡的分析研究,以精益生产理论为管理基础,综合运用5W2H、ECRS及动作经济分析方法,找出制约产能和设备利用率的原因,并重新优化作业内容和生产流程,使得生产线实现平衡优化,将优化前和优化后的生产数据进行对比分析,证实了精益生产理论在生产线实际应用中的可操作性及有效性.研究表明,精益生产能够优化生产流程、减少浪费,有效地提升生产效率,实现5M1E的良好受控,是一种有效的管理理念.     

基于位置加权法的包装流水线平衡

目的研究某企业电动铅笔刨包装生产线工序优化与生产线平衡。方法应用工业工程分析方法,对企业的原生产线及流程进行改造,根据电动铅笔刨包装生产线的生产工艺特点,运用生产流水线平衡的位置加权法合理调整生产工序,同时对作业内容、作业人员和设备及设施布置进行重新分配和调整。结果与原生产线方案相比较,平衡后电动铅笔刨包装生产线流水线平衡率提高了31%,流水线作业人员减少4人,提高了订单交付水平,生产线布局保证了生产过程的流畅性,满足了计划产量生产要求。结论采用位置加权法,结合工序优化、分解与合并,可以获得较好的生产流水线平衡效果。     

基于精益生产的某民营企业继电器生产线改善研究

以某民营企业JZX-22F系列继电器生产线为研究对象,针对现场调查发现的库存堆积多、生产周期长、物料配送紊乱等问题,运用工作抽样法明确了生产线的库存状况及其产生原因.通过减少生产线的料盒数量、制定标准作业三票、降低转运批量等方法进行生产线改善.结果显示,生产线的在制品库存与完工检成品库存均减少了一半以上,精益生产对于继电器生产线改善有很好的实用价值.     

基于精益思想的生产线改造仿真与研究

阐述了企业生产线改造过程中精益思想应用的必要性,以及在生产线改造中需要遵循的精益原则:生产线平衡、连续流、产品混流生产和标准化管理。以水洗机为实例,分析了水洗机装配生产线的现状,基于传统思想与精益思想,使用面向对象的eM-Plant软件,建立相应的离散事件仿真模型,以产量、在制品和对市场的反应速度为绩效指标,研究和分析模型仿真进行的输出结果,对两种不同思想的生产线改造进行比较,为装配生产线实际改造提供依据。     

焊条包装生产线主机的研制

目的针对当前焊条包装自动化程度低,技术落后,进口焊条包装生产线价格超高的现状,设计开发HBB20半自动焊条包装生产线。方法按照生产工艺流程和产品技术要求,主要对HBB20半自动包装生产线进行工艺流程设计,包括计量、检测、小包装、透明膜包装、装箱等装置,将单机生产形式变为自动生产线形式,并对小包包装装置及其前后工位物料的传输各部件机构、工作原理进行了分析。结论该焊条包装生产线可以大大降低材料成本,减少人工操作,减小计量误差,提高生产效率。     

一种指甲油自动包装生产线的设计与实现

目的为了提高指甲油包装生产线的效率,降低人工成本,实现机器替代人工的目标,应某指甲油生产企业的要求提出一种指甲油自动包装生产线方案,并研制出实现指甲油自动化包装生产的包装生产线。方法通过分析某指甲油生产企业的指甲油包装生产过程,采用Solid Work软件分别建立空瓶放置、钢珠放入空瓶、指甲油注入、瓶盖放置、拧入瓶盖和成品输出等装置的三维模型,并对组成各装置的零部件进行图纸设计。利用西门子S7-200 PLC控制各机构的AC电机和气缸的协调运作,实现指甲油的自动化包装生产。结果研制出了一种指甲油自动包装生产线,实现了指甲油的自动化包装生产,满足了企业要求。结论该指甲油包装生产线解决了指甲油自动化包装的难题,实现了机器替代人工的目标,提高了指甲油包装生产效率。     

对6Sigma范式的改进

6Sigma作为质量改进的一种体系，自从10多年前被提出以来，在工业界得到了越来越多的关注和认同。目前，制造和服务这两种类型运作的质量水平，都可以用“Sigma水平”来进行标定；也有不少公司开始纷纷以“6Sigma组织”的称号自我标榜。本文通过考察6Sigma的基础及其长期潜能，以一种现实的观点对6Sigma体系进行了评述；并阐明了在21世纪动荡的工商业环境中，一个有远见的组织，其目标应该超越6Sigma的基准。文中提出，为了强化常规的6Sigma方法，必须按照更高的要求，实现一种“8S”范式，以保证持续的卓越质量水平。     

基于价值流图的齿轮生产线分析与改善

以某齿轮生产线为研究对象,在分析生产流程的基础上,根据现场采集数据绘制了价值流现状图.结合工业工程和精益生产的基本方法,以拉式生产建立连续流程,重新布置生产线,并绘制了未来状态图,为企业拟定了未来改善方案.该方案的实施能为企业带来良好的经济效益,并为齿轮制造行业提供一定的借鉴.     

Six Sigma in industry: some observations after twenty‐five years

Six Sigma has enjoyed considerable popularity in the industry for about a quarter of a century. While the standard contents of Six Sigma have been described and discussed widely, some little articulated aspects of Six Sigma implementation deserve the attention of serious practitioners. In this paper, a ‘5W+1H’ (What, Why, When Where, Who, How) format is used to elucidate the nature of Six Sigma in a non‐mathematical discussion, followed by observations peculiar to the usual mode of development of Six Sigma professionals. It is pointed out that Six Sigma has Statistical Thinking as its foundation; for Six Sigma and its associated frameworks such as Design for Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma to continue to be effective, it is important that users have a clear understanding of the nature of Six Sigma and be able to address the related challenges in practice. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Empirical examination of critical failure factors of continuous improvement deployments: stage-wise results and a contingency theory perspective

Organisations implement various Continuous Improvement (CI) practices such as Total Quality Management, Lean, Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma (LSS) for improving their processes. Drawing from the success and failure stories of these structured CI practices, scholars enumerated Critical Success Factors and Critical Failure Factors (CFFs). This study empirically examines the occurrence of various CFFs across different stages of CI deployment. Further, from a contingency theoretic perspective, this study investigates their associations with contextual variables by collecting survey data from 213 business units from the USA, the UK, China, and India. Principal Component Analysis is used to group CFFs across five CI deployment stages leading to an empirically refined framework for CI. Crosstab analysis using the chi-square likelihood ratio presented associations of CFFs with contextual variables. Findings reveal significant differences in the occurrence of CFFs across countries. There is evidence that LSS is less prone to failures when compared with TQM, Lean and Six Sigma. The occurrence of CFFs has been relatively lower in smaller and medium-sized enterprises operating in the service sector. Findings also reveal that lessons learned from each CI deployment cycle, contribute to organisational learning, and thence, leading to success at the strategic CI level of maturity.     

A framework for the integration of Green and Lean Six Sigma for superior sustainability performance

Evidence suggests that Lean, Six Sigma and Green approaches make a positive contribution to the economic, social and environmental (i.e. sustainability) performance of organisations. However, evidence also suggests that organisations have found their integration and implementation challenging. The purpose of this research is therefore to present a framework that methodically guides companies through a five stages and sixteen steps process to effectively integrate and implement the Green, Lean and Six Sigma approaches to improve their sustainability performance. To achieve this, a critical review of the existing literature in the subject area was conducted to build a research gap, and subsequently develop the methodological framework proposed. The paper presents the results from the application of the proposed framework in four organisations with different sizes and operating in a diverse range of industries. The results showed that the integration of Lean Six Sigma and Green helped the organisations to averagely reduce their resources consumption from 20 to 40% and minimise the cost of energy and mass streams by 7–12%. The application of the framework should be gradual, the companies should assess their weaknesses and strengths, set priorities, and identify goals for successful implementation. This paper is one of the very first researches that presents a framework to integrate Green and Lean Six Sigma at a factory level, and hence offers the potential to be expanded to multiple factories or even supply chains.     

精益六西格玛理论研究与应用综述

精益六西格玛(Lean Six Sigma, LSS)作为持续改进与创新的有力工具,在业界(制造业、建筑业、服务业甚至非盈利性组织)得到广泛的应用,但学术界和产业界对LSS的认识和理解仍存在一些差异。为了构建对LSS更为全面的认识,基于Web of Science 数据库中题目含有“六西格玛”或“精益六西格玛”的2701篇文献分析,简要回顾LSS的起源,系统梳理LSS在理论研究和产业界应用的现状,给出6个主要的研究内容。结合LSS在中国的应用实践,并从战略、系统和集成3个角度展望LSS的未来发展趋势,期望对精益六西格玛的学术研究和产业应用提供指导和参考。     

Status of Quality Management practices in manufacturing SMEs: a comparative study between Australia and the UK

This study is aimed to assess and compare the status of quality management (QM) practices in the manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Australia and the UK, and to develop better insights into the use of and benefits from such QM practices. Furthermore, the intention was to identify the trends for adoption of advanced QM practices such as Lean and Six Sigma. A similar survey instrument was designed and tested in the two countries and data were analysed using SPSS and excel worksheet. The findings confirm that the adoption of Six Sigma is quite slow in Australian and the UK SMEs. ISO 9000 is the most popular QM initiatives in SMEs followed by the recent trend to implement Lean for streamlining business processes. Leadership is critical to the success of any QM practices such as Lean and Six Sigma. Networking with government bodies and academic institutions, and fact-based decision-making emerged as the two new critical success factors for implementing QM in SMEs. Significant improvement in performance metrics was observed in the UK SMEs after implementation of quality initiatives, though similar result was not replicated in the Australian sample.     

Lean,Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma: an analysis based on operations strategy

There is a growing need for operations management models that contribute to the continuous improvement of company processes, among them we highlight lean manufacturing, Six Sigma and, more recently, Lean Six Sigma (LSS). This article aims (1) to identify and analyse the differences and complementarities in the production decision areas for each one of the three models; (2) to identify the competitive priorities that lead to the best performance as a result of policies followed in the decision areas as a result of the adopted model. First, a theoretical conceptual model was developed based on a review of the literature, followed by a exploratory research questions applied to manufacturing companies that use the lean, Six Sigma or LSS manufacturing models in southern Brazil. The main results show that there are differences in the models in relation to the importance of the decision areas and the performance achieved in the competitive priorities. Individually, lean manufacturing, Six Sigma and LSS have varying degrees of importance in the Facilities, Vertical Integration and Production Planning and Control decision areas. The performance dimensions with the best performance are speed, quality, reliability and cost.     

Six Sigma experience as a stochastic process

This study empirically investigates the states of Six Sigma from a stochastic point of view. By the means of an advanced survey, 97 respondents are asked to rate the effect of Six Sigma on different performance categories, the cost of implementing Six Sigma, the level of enthusiasm and expectations from Six Sigma over 20 years. The autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions of these processes are analyzed to investigate the stages of Six Sigma. Consequently, new concepts namely steady state of Six Sigma and Six Sigma experience functions are introduced which shed light on the life cycle of Six Sigma within the companies.     

A strategic assessment of six sigma

Six Sigma as a quality improvement framework has been gaining considerable attention in recent years. The hyperbole that often accompanied the presentation and adoption of Six Sigma in industry could lead to unrealistic expectations as to what Six Sigma is truly capable of achieving. In this paper, some strategic perspectives on the subject are presented, highlighting the potential and possible limitations of Six Sigma applications particularly in a knowledge‐based environment. Without delving into the mechanics of the subject in detail, the points raised could be useful to those deliberating on the appropriateness of Six Sigma to their respective organizations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Six Sigma Literature: A Review and Agenda for Future Research

Like quality management in general, Six Sigma has penetrated into most sectors of today's business world. Although Six Sigma originated in industry, it has inspired a considerable amount of academic literature. This paper reviews this literature describing the trends, sources, and findings. The paper also seeks to synthesize the literature, with an emphasis on establishing its relationship to quality management theory and topics for future research. In doing so, there is an attempt to answer the following fundamental questions. (i) What is Six Sigma? (ii) What are its impacts on operational performance? (iii) What roles can academics usefully play in relation to Six Sigma? Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

六西格玛在广州市规划局IT运维服务质量管理中的应用

论文总结了目前广州市规划局IT运维服务工作中存在的一些问题,介绍了使用六西格玛管理方法测量IT运维服务流程、发现服务流程缺陷、改善服务质量,指出六西格玛管理方法与IT服务管理密切结合是提高用户满意度的有效方法。