氯乙酰氯的生产,应用及发展趋势

介绍了氯乙酰氯在农用化学品、医药、染料、食品与饲料添加剂等方面应用概况，评述了其生产方法，以及当前的生产状况和发展趋势。     

食品添加剂盐酸中游离氯的测定

介绍了食品添加剂盐酸中游离氯的测定方法，对现行食品添加剂盐酸中氯化物的测定方法进行了改进。降低了测定的检测限，提高了食品添加剂盐酸中游离氯测定方法的准确性。     

氯乙酰氯的合成进展与市场

介绍氯乙酰氯的性质、合成工艺和生产方法,阐明它在农用化学品、医药、染料、食品与添加剂等方面的应用,展望了市场发展前景。     

淡盐水脱氯工艺介绍

比较系统地介绍了烧碱生产中的淡盐水脱氯工艺，指出机械真空法加化学法脱氯是当前比较先进的脱氯工艺，尤其适用于生产规模较大的氯碱企业。     

氯乙酰氯的应用,生产及发展建议

简介氯乙酰氯在农用化学品、医药、染料、食口与饲料添加剂等方面的应用，评述了其生产方法，概述当前的生产状况及未来的发展趋势，对其生产和发展提出了建议。     

氯中含氢高的原因及预防措施

分别介绍了隔膜法电解过程中，电解槽修复、盐水质量、生产过程和氯氢处理等可能造成氯中含氢高的原因，并针对各种可能性，提出相应的解决办法。     

氯乙酰氯的合成与应用

介绍氯乙酰氯的生产概况和氯乙酸光气法合成氯乙酰氯的生产工艺，以及氯乙酰氯在医药、农药等领域应用情况。由于氯乙酰氯是一种重要的有机合成中间体，附加值高，是一种值得开发的精细化工产品。     

纳米铁的改性及其去除氯代有机物研究进展

回顾了氯代有机物的污染现状及其传统治理技术,简要介绍了纳米铁的制备方法,重点总结了采用物理辅助法、化学添加剂法以及载体固定法对纳米铁改性的新进展,分析了改性纳米铁的脱氯效果及其影响因素,提出了纳米铁环境修复技术尚存在的问题以及该技术的应用前景。     

污水处理用阳离子PAM的开发现状和前景

介绍了国内污水处理及污泥脱水用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的生产情况及生产技术，罗列了阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的制备方法，如非离子聚丙烯酰胺的曼尼希阳离子化法、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）和丙烯酰胺（AM）的共聚法、甲基丙烯酸二甲胺乙酯氯甲烷盐（或丙烯酸二甲胺乙酯氯甲烷盐）与丙烯酰胺的共聚法等等。     

氯乙酰氯的生产与应用

综述氯乙酰氯在农用化学品、医药、染料、食品及饲料添加剂等方面的应用，并评述了其生产方法。     

Different Acylating Agents in the Synthesis of Aromatic Ketones on Sulfated Zirconia

Sulfated zirconia (SZ) has been used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of aromatic ketones. A number of carboxylic anhydrides and acid chlorides proved to be appropriate acylating agents in the reaction with anisole and chlorobenzene. The rate of anisole acylation was found to be dependent on the type of acylating agent used. Thus, acetic anhydride and benzoic anhydride reacted faster on SZ with anisole than benzoyl chloride. Successful SZ-catalyzed acylations of chlorobenzene were limited to acceptor substituted benzoyl chlorides as acylating agents. Acetic anhydride and benzoic anhydride did not react with chlorobenzene in the presence of SZ.     

Preparation and characterization of 1,5-Diacyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazines with Higher Acyl Groups

The title compounds were prepared from 2,4-dioxohexahydro-triazine (DHT) and the corresponding acid chlorides in the presence of sulphuric acid. They are active acylating agents against piperidine in dioxane as the solvent. Only the diacyl derivatives of DHT with acyl chain lengths up to C₆ react with aqueous solutions of sodium perborate forming the corresponding peroxy acids.     

Benzyl and naphthalene methylphosphonic acid inhibitors of autotaxin with anti-invasive and anti-metastatic activity

Autotaxin (ATX, NPP2) is a member of the nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase enzyme family. ATX catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) by lysophospholipase D activity, which leads to generation of the growth‐factor‐like lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). ATX is highly upregulated in metastatic and chemotherapy‐resistant carcinomas and represents a potential target to mediate cancer invasion and metastasis. Herein we report the synthesis and pharmacological characterization of ATX inhibitors based on the 4‐tetradecanoylaminobenzylphosphonic acid scaffold, which was previously found to lack sufficient stability in cellular systems. The new 4‐substituted benzylphosphonic acid and 6‐substituted naphthalen‐2‐ylmethylphosphonic acid analogues block ATX activity with K_i values in the low micromolar to nanomolar range against FS3, LPC, and nucleotide substrates through a mixed‐mode inhibition mechanism. None of the compounds tested inhibit the activity of related enzymes (NPP6 and NPP7). In addition, the compounds were evaluated as agonists or antagonists of seven LPA receptor (LPAR) subtypes. Analogues 22 and 30 b , the two most potent ATX inhibitors, inhibit the invasion of MM1 hepatoma cells across murine mesothelial and human vascular endothelial monolayers in vitro in a dose‐dependent manner. The average terminal half‐life for compound 22 is 10±5.4 h and it causes a long‐lasting decrease in plasma LPA levels. Compounds 22 and 30 b significantly decrease lung metastasis of B16‐F10 syngeneic mouse melanoma in a post‐inoculation treatment paradigm. The 4‐substituted benzylphosphonic acids and 6‐substituted naphthalen‐2‐ylmethylphosphonic acids described herein represent new lead compounds that effectively inhibit the ATX–LPA–LPAR axis both in vitro and in vivo.     

Meadowfoam fatty amides: Preparation,purification, and use in enrichment of 5,13-docosadienoic acid and 5-eicosenoic acid

Recrystallization from hexane of amides prepared from meadowfoam fatty acids provides crystals of the monoenoic fatty amides. Hydrolysis of the crystals, or the mother liquor, provides meadowfoam fatty acids that are enriched in 5-eicosenoic acid and 5,13-docosadienoic acid, respectively. The meadowfoam fatty amides may be useful as slip and antiblock agents in polyolefin film.     

Novel Peptide‐Heterocycle Hybrids: Synthesis and Preliminary Studies on Calpain Inhibition

New peptidic compounds, having peptide chains linked to bi‐ and tricyclic heterocycles (peptide‐heterocycle hybrids), have been synthesized. The heterocyclic components are derivatives of partially reduced isoquinoline and pyrido[1,2‐b]isoquinoline bearing α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl functionalities. The heterocyclic compounds have been used as acylating agents in coupling reactions with short N‐unprotected peptides. Based on our interest on potential calpain inhibitors, we have used short (2–4 amino acids) peptides with hydrophobic amino acids of the two enantiomeric series. We report preliminary studies on the inhibition of calpain, with some compounds having IC₅₀ values in the nanomolar range.     

4′-溴-6-甲基-8-氰甲基黄酮的全合成

探索黄酮醋酸类化合物的合成方法。通过酰基化、Fries重排、氯甲基化、氰化、缩合及 I2 /DMSO/H2 SO4 关环氧化合成 4′-溴 -6-甲基 -8-氰甲基黄酮 ,获得了满意的收率 (69.5 % )。采用新方法合成了鲜见文献报道的两个新化合物 2′-羟基 -3′-氰甲基 -5′-甲基 -4-溴查耳酮和 4′-溴 -6-甲基 -8-氰甲基黄酮 ,并对各步主要产物进行了结构表征。该方法具有反应时间短、操作简便、收率好等优点。基黄酮     

Different Binding Modes of Small and Large Binders of GAT1

Well‐known inhibitors of the γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter GAT1 share a common scaffold of a small cyclic amino acid linked by an alkyl chain to a moiety with two aromatic rings. Tiagabine, the only FDA‐approved GAT1 inhibitor, is a typical example. Some small amino acids such as (R)‐nipecotic acid are medium‐to‐strong binders of GAT1, but similar compounds, such as proline, are very weak binders. When substituted with 4,4‐diphenylbut‐3‐en‐1‐yl (DPB) or 4,4‐bis(3‐methylthiophen‐2‐yl)but‐3‐en‐1‐yl (BTB) groups, the resulting compounds have similar pK_i and pIC₅₀ values, even though the pure amino acids have very different values. To investigate if small amino acids and their substituted counterparts share a similar binding mode, we synthesized butyl‐, DPB‐, and BTB‐substituted derivatives of small amino acids. Supported by the results of docking studies, we propose different binding modes not only for unsubstituted und substituted, but also for strong‐ and weak‐binding amino acids. These data lead to the conclusion that following a fragment‐based approach, not pure but N‐butyl‐substituted amino acids should be used as starting points, giving a better estimate of the activity when a BTB or DPB substituent is added.     

某些烷基二茂铁与丙酮的缩合

以酰氯为酰化剂，无水三氯化铝为催化剂，二氯乙烷为溶剂，对二茂铁进行酰化反应得到一系列酰基二茂铁，经Clemmenson还原法得到相应的烷基二茂铁，再用浓硫酸一甲醇体系做为催化剂，进行二茂铁与丙酮的缩合反应，经层析分离得到相应的双(烷基二茂铁基)丙烷。通过元素分析，红外光谱，折光率的测定，对目标化合物进行表征，并用循环伏安法研究其电化学性质，同时测试其在复合固体推进剂中的燃速催化性。     

N-(取代苯基)马来海松酸酰亚胺的合成及表征

松香树脂酸衍生物具有广泛的生物活性。该文以松香为原料,在催化剂对甲基苯磺酸作用下与马来酸酐经Diels-Alder反应制得马来海松酸;马来海松酸与取代苯胺采用一步法在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶剂中,于155℃反应4 h,合成了8个具有潜在生物活性的N-(取代苯基)马来海松酸酰亚胺化合物,产率为42.5%~84.8%;对产物结构进行了IR、1HNMR、13CNMR光谱表征确认。     

由芳樟醇合成乙酸芳樟酯的研究进展

阐述了乙酸酐和乙烯酮作为酰化剂对芳樟醇合成乙酸芳樟酯反应的影响 ;结合芳樟醇在酯化反应中的酸效应和热效应 ,分析了该合成反应的特点 ;重点评述了采用乙酸酐作为酰化剂时 ,路易斯酸、布鲁斯酸性催化剂以及碱性催化剂的开发研究进展