新品研发辑要

二氮杂二环[n 3 0]衍生物的合成及机构表征用途:杂环化合物,特别是杂稠环化合物是一类具有各种特殊功能的化合物,已经在药物、生物模拟材料、有机导体和超导材料、贮能材料、工程高分子材料、杂环染料等各个领域中得     

新型二氮杂二环化合物的制备、拆分及生物活性研究

以1,3-丙二胺与乙酰丙酸为原料反应得二氮杂二环,然后加入缚酸剂NaOH与二氯乙酰氯一锅法反应制备了5-二氯乙酰基-6-甲基-9-氧杂-1,5-二氮杂二环[4.3.0]壬烷,采用红外光谱、氢核磁、碳核磁进行了表征,并对所合成物质进行了拆分,采用室内生物测定法研究了外消旋体及其光学异构体在土壤中豆磺隆残留时对玉米的保护效果。     

硝酸铕与1,4,8,11—四氮杂十四环[4，11]二烯固体配合物的合成及性质

合成了硝酸铕1,4,8,11-四氮杂十四环[4,11]二烯固体配合物,研究了该杂环配体及其配合物的组成、溶解性、DTG、TG、IR及UV等性质。     

DPT的一种新合成法

本文介绍由脲、甲醛、硝酸及氨水等为原料,经中间产物亚甲基二脲和亚甲基二硝基脲合成3,7—二硝基—1,3,5,7—四氮杂二环[3,3,1]壬烷(简称DPT)的新方法。     

（R，R）-2，8-二氮杂双环[4．3．0]壬烷的合成

（R,R）-2,8-二氮杂双环[4．3．0]壬烷是莫西沙星合成过程中的一个副产物,对莫西沙星成品质量有较大影响。本文以8-苄基-2,8-二氮杂双环[4．3．0]壬烷为起始原料,经L-（＋）-酒石酸拆分,Pd／C催化加氢脱苄基,纯化制得含量〉99．5％的（R,R）-2,8-二氮杂双环[4．3．0]壬烷,总收率66．5％,并优化了合成工艺。     

新型二氯乙酰胺类化合物的制备及生物活性研究

以1,4-丙二胺与乙酰丙酸为原料反应得二氮杂二环,然后加入缚酸剂三乙胺与二氯乙酰氯一锅法反应制备了二氯乙酰胺类化合物6-二氯乙酰基-7-甲基-10-氧杂-1,6-二氮杂二环[5.3.0]癸烷,采用红外光谱、氢核磁、碳核磁进行了表征,并利用室内生物测定法研究其在土壤中豆磺隆残留时对玉米的保护效果。     

格列齐特中间体氨基杂环盐酸盐二次母液合成亚硝基物的方法

N-氨基-3-氮杂双环[3．3．0]辛烷盐酸盐（简称：氨基杂环盐酸盐）是合成格列齐特的重要中间体，而在精制氨基杂环盐酸盐过程的二次母液中含有一定量的氨基杂环盐酸盐，对这一部分难以提取的产品进行了处理，使其合成前一步骤产品亚硝基物，避免了产品浪费，进而对提高产品收率、降低生产成本有着积极的意义，同时也实现了变废为宝的目的。     

格列齐特中间体氨基杂环盐酸盐甲苯提取氮杂环的方法

N-氨基-3-氮杂双环[3.3.0]辛烷盐酸盐(简称:氨基杂环盐酸盐)是合成格列齐特的重要中间体,而在钾硼氢氨基杂环盐酸盐过程中浓缩一定量的氮杂环水溶液,对这一部分废水较多、高温强酸的条件下,对设备极易造成损坏,进而对提高工作效率、降低生产成本有着积极的意义,同时也达到了节约能源的目的。     

氮杂环脒类光产碱剂的合成及性能

以1,5-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]-5-壬烯(DBN)为起始原料,采用氢化铝锂为还原剂,于55℃反应9 h,生成1,5-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷(Ⅰa),最高收率可达87.9%,色谱纯度大于95.0%。再将Ⅰa分别与4种氯甲基吡啶类化合物反应,合成了系列新型含氮杂环脒类光产碱剂,实验中通过对其工艺条件的考察和优化,得到合成该类光产碱剂最高收率达84.7%,色谱纯度大于95.7%。并对合成的含氮杂环脒类新型光产碱剂进行紫外吸收、感光性、热稳定性等性能测试,分析该系列光产碱剂的构效关系。产品及中间体经高效气相色谱(HPGC)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)、液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)、核磁共振氢谱(1HNMR)对其进行了定量和定性分析。     

Cis-8-甲氧基-[1,3]-二氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮的合成与优化

通过对cis-8-甲氧基-[1,3]-二氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮的合成过程中投料比、温度、时间、p H值等条件的研究,确定了合成cis-8-甲氧基-[1,3]-二氮杂螺[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮的条件为温度40~45℃,保温时间20h,投料比4-甲氧基环己酮:碳酸铵:氰化钠=1.00:2.20:1.02,p H值为9~10,反应后cis-8-甲氧基-[1,3]-二氮杂[4,5]癸-2,4-二酮的收率达到40%以上。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。