嘉恒法-平流冲渣工艺

通过对嘉恒法及平流法渣处理工艺的剖析,取长补短后提出了嘉恒法-平流冲渣工艺的设计思路,重点解决了嘉恒法工艺缺少备用手段和系统设备磨损、堵塞的问题.     

宣钢1~#、2~#高炉水冲渣系统改造

"组合式锥斗沉淀池细渣沉淀+提升式细渣机械分离"的冲渣技术在宣钢高炉冲渣水系统首次应用,渣水分离效果良好,该技术取消了返渣泵,将渣池中细渣通过气力提升机和螺旋输送机送至皮带,最终到堆渣场,彻底解决了返渣泵磨损跑水、脱水器跑水跑渣问题,节约了用水、用电,大大降低了设备故障率和维护成本,保障了高炉的顺利生产,并在此基础上,进行冲渣水余热利用于采暖,实现节能效果。     

承钢高炉渣处理改造攻关——炉前风水淬渣法

本文介绍了一种高炉渣处理新工艺——炉前风水淬渣法，即将冲渣水中配加一定量的空压风，用高压风水流将渣流打碎，冷却。该方法具有安全、可靠、投资省、占地小、风水耗量低等特点，在生产实践中取得了良好的使用效果。     

高炉冲渣系统技术改造

随着高炉出渣量的增加,浮渣在冲渣系统水泵入口处沉积,致使冲渣水泵的流量减小,影响高炉冲渣系统的正常运行。对高炉冲渣系统进行技术改造,在水泵入口处管道增加连通,冲渣水主管道增设泄压阀,应用了变频技术。改造后的冲渣系统投入运行后,各项设备均运转正常,降低了设备故障率和工人劳动强度,节约了电能,降低了生产成本,取得了较高的经济效益。     

91 MW循环流化床锅炉冷渣器优化改造探讨

针对91 MW循环流化床热水锅炉在运行过程中,因结构、安装等原因导致冷渣器在冷渣过程中发生构件磨损、细渣自流、排渣不稳定、联锁保护系统反应滞后等问题,通过现有技术措施对冷渣器系统进行优化改造,保证了冷渣器的可靠性,提高了机组的运行效率。     

济钢4~#3200m~3高炉冲渣系统优化

针对济钢4#3200m3高炉熔渣水淬系统存在的筛网堵塞、易产生泡沫渣、冲制箱及管道磨损问题,通过增设侧喷装置,增加水压调整阀门,采用分体式冲制箱及喷嘴改造等方式对系统进行改进后,水渣二维颗粒度控制在4.5mm2,杜绝了泡沫渣及细小渣颗粒的产生,设备运行稳定,年降低能源消耗100万元,年节约备件成本约40万元。     

莱钢高炉水冲渣模糊控制技术取得成果

莱钢 75 0 m3高炉水冲渣模糊控制技术已取得成果。利用模糊技术成功地开发了二维结构模糊控制器 ,结合变频调速技术、计算机应用技术 ,从而实现高炉冲渣过程的闭路循环全自动控制。高炉采用水冲渣模糊控制技术后 ,通过调节最佳冲渣配水量 ,控制水流量及压力 ,减少了冲渣水对水泵叶轮、泵体、管道等的磨损 ,延长了设备使用寿命 ,节约了设备维修费。莱钢高炉水冲渣模糊控制技术取得成果@王刚     

高炉水力冲渣系统改造

简要叙述了5号、6号高炉水力冲渣系统原存在的缺陷。通过改进，将原备用冲渣系统改造为主冲渣系统．使其成为一套工艺简单，性能可靠的系统，简要分析了改造后取得的较完美的效果。     

高炉水冲渣系统节能改造

为了有效降低高炉冲渣系统动力运行成本,采取焦化废水替代新水、高炉渣沟密封、应用管改沟、提高冲渣水泵运行效率、利用冲渣循环水余热等措施,有效降低了高炉冲系统水电动力成本,同时降低了生活区域蒸汽消耗量,年节约动力成本2 000余万元。     

燃煤电厂渣水系统处理实践

介绍了燃煤电厂冲渣管道结垢是所需解决的主要问题,阐述了冲渣水闭路循环系统结垢的机理、主要影响因素,以及冲渣水系统防垢、阻垢的方法。     

Experimental Design for the Mechanism Study of Lime Dissolution in Liquid Slag

The applicability of rotating rod technique in the study of lime dissolution in slag was investigated. Both computational fluid dynamic (CFD) and cold model experiments showed that the mass transfer due to radial velocity introduced by forced convection was zero if the rod was long. The mass transfer by forced convection was also less important in comparison with natural convection and diffusion when the rod was half length of the height of the bath. This finding was in accordance with the criteria put forward by the original work that the method could only be applicable when a thin disk (instead of rod) with big diameter and big liquid bath were used. To study the lime dissolution by forced convection a new experimental technique was developed. A cube was placed in the slag that was eccentrically stirred. The whole system, viz. the sample along with the slag could be quenched. The new technique could study the effect of forced convection on the dissolution. The microscopic study on the quenched slag‐lime samples could reveal the dissolution mechanism successfully.     

艾萨炉喷枪渣层的热平衡计算

按1∶23的几何尺寸比例对生产用艾萨炉喷枪进行试验,得到渣层纵向高度、横向厚度变化以及进出水温度等数据,同时还对渣层稳态热传导过程进行了热平衡计算。结果表明,渣层纵向高度h与喷枪外壁温度t的关系为:367.668t+1972828.44=exp(20.196918-45.798h)。按照该式计算的渣层最顶端处喷枪外壁温度为912℃,与实际测得的908℃相符合,证明了艾萨炉喷枪渣层的热平衡计算是正确和合理的。     

侧吹熔炼处置锌冶炼渣炉渣组成对导热性及析出物相的影响

侧吹熔炼炉采用水冷挂渣炉壁时,高导热系数炉渣可在炉衬表面形成稳定渣皮,保护并延长炉衬的使用寿命。针对铁矾渣和铅银渣处理用FeO-CaO-SiO₂-PbO-ZnO五元渣系,采用稳态平板法对炉渣渣皮的导热系数进行了测定,并通过扫描电镜对固态渣皮进行微观结构分析,以探究炉渣组分改变对渣皮导热系数及结晶矿相的影响。结果表明,增加CaO和SiO₂都会使渣皮导热系数增大,其中添加CaO对渣型影响最显著。优化渣型的导热系数从原渣的7.62 W/(m·K)增大到了17.94 W/(m·K),提高了135%。在冷凝过程中,高温析出的物相为黄长石,其熔点、黏度相较于原渣也有显著降低。调整后的渣型更容易形成稳定的渣皮,有利于水冷挂渣护炉。     

连铸结晶器内卷渣模拟方法研究

以重钢板坯连铸结晶器为研究对象,选用不同液面保护渣模拟材料进行实验,并结合实际生产结晶器内保护渣覆盖状况观察结果,得出水模实验过程中合理的液面保护渣模拟方法;在此基础上建立起结晶器内液面波动大小与保护渣覆盖状态的关系,结果表明在实际操作中结晶器内液面波动在3—7mm范围内,可得到比较理想的保护渣覆盖效果。     

Strength Activity Index of Air Quenched Basic Oxygen Furnace Steel Slag

Air quenched basic oxygen furnace steel slag（BOF-SS）is processed at very high cooling rate,which is expected to have different cementitious properties from conventional slowly cooled BOF-SS.For this purpose,the strength activity indexes of air quenched and slowly cooled BOF-SS are investigated.The results reveal that,under the specific surface area（S） of 490m²/kg,the compressive strength activity index reaches 1.24 after 28days with replacement of 15% air quenched BOF-SS and reaches 1.05 after 28days with replacement of 20% air quenched BOF-SS and 30% granulated blast furnace slag（GBFS）.The cementitious activity of air quenched BOF-SS is obviously higher than that of slowly cooled BOF-SS,mainly because it contains more C₃S and glassy phases.     

高炉水渣用作混凝土细骨料的可行性研究

研究了高炉水渣和天然黄砂的区别,水渣代砂配制混凝土的新拌混凝土性能,混凝土强度及抗渗、抗碳化和抗氯离子渗透等耐久性能。研究发现水渣符合2级配区砂,水渣具有一定的胶凝活性,但不会对混凝土结构产生危害。随着水渣代砂率的增大,水泥砂浆干缩性减小,混凝土坍落度逐渐降低;混凝土达到相同坍落度所需减水剂掺量逐渐增大;混凝土抗压强度和抗折强度均缓慢增大;混凝土的抗渗性能、抗氯离子渗透性能、抗碳化性能均得到了改善。     

The Importance of Slag Engineering in Freeze-Lining Applications

Freeze linings are frequently used to protect the reactor wall in pyrometallurgical processes. In order to minimize reactor wall corrosion, the stability of a freeze lining has to be guaranteed. To illustrate the importance of slag engineering in the optimization of freeze-lining behavior, the freeze-lining formation of six synthetic lead slags is studied. Lab-scale freeze linings are obtained using a cooled-probe technique and their microstructures are characterized using light optical microscopy (LOM) and microprobe analysis. The results show that slag engineering can have a major impact on the operative freeze-lining formation mechanisms. Some slag properties found to affect the freeze-lining formation are the viscosity, the temperature stability range of the relevant phases, the type of phases that form (interlocking or not), and the crystallization behavior of the slag. The operational demands of a protective freeze lining are defined by the authors as follows: (1) a rapid formation to limit the contact between the reactor wall and the corrosive bath material and (2) a sufficient stability during changes in heat input from the bath and in bath composition. From the comparison of the microstructural features of the freeze linings formed with the studied slags, it is concluded that these demands can be fulfilled with the growth of an initial layer dominated by the presence of interlocking crystals in combination with the subsequent formation of a high-melting crystalline layer at the bath–freeze-lining interface, which is in equilibrium with the slag bath and the composition of which differs sufficiently from the bath composition.     

Adhesive Behaviour of BOF Slag to BOF Lining Refractory in Slag Splashing Process

A slag layer is formed when slag is splashed onto refractory lining in BOF slag splashing process. The melting temperature of the slag layer and the adhesion of the slag layer to the lining refractory have an important effect on slag splashing and BOF lining life. This study investigates the adhesive behaviour of slag with different composition to lining refractories. It is shown that the slag can adhere to MgO particles in MgO‐C bricks well and no reaction is found between the MgO particles and the slag layer, but a gas gap exists at the interface between the slag layer and the MgO‐C matrix and there are iron granules within the slag layer, when the FeO content in the slag is high. The adhesion of the slag layer to the lining refractory can be improved with decreasing FeO content in the slag and lower carbon content in the MgO‐C bricks. BOF refractory lining life can be greatly increased due to better adhesion, high melting temperature, and stronger wear‐resistance of the slag layer.     

分析再热器超温爆漏与水冷壁结焦控制量的关系

文章介绍了宝钢自备电厂在改善锅炉燃烧工况，控制锅炉水冷壁结焦所采取的技术措施，分析了锅炉水冷壁结焦量与锅炉二次再热器烟气出口平均温度的关系，为解决锅炉水冷壁结焦所引发的二次再热器超温爆漏问题提供了依据。