共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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《工程塑料应用》2020,(2)
以稻壳、竹粉、杨木粉作为聚乳酸(PLA)的增强材料,添加硅烷偶联剂进行界面处理,采用模压成型的方法制备PLA木塑复合材料,研究了纤维的种类与含量以及偶联剂对PLA木塑复合材料力学性能和吸水性能的影响,并采用体式显微镜对其形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,杨木粉对PLA复合材料的增强效果最好;杨木粉、稻壳、竹粉质量分数为30%时,PLA木塑复合材料的拉伸强度最大,分别为16.26,11.27,14.17 MPa,杨木粉质量分数为30%时PLA木塑复合材料的冲击强度最大,为4.44 kJ/m~2,随着复合材料中木粉含量的增加,其吸水率呈上升趋势;添加硅烷偶联剂改性使PLA/竹粉复合材料的拉伸强度最大提高了119.74%,冲击强度最大提高了86.52%,改性后的木塑复合材料各组分较为均匀、空洞和缺陷较少。 相似文献
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以植物纤维、聚氯乙烯(PVC)为原材料制备植物纤维/PVC木塑复合材料,研究了植物纤维种类与含量及偶联剂含量对复合材料洛氏硬度、冲击强度、弯曲强度以及拉伸强度等力学性能的影响。结果表明,20%含量稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料的硬度最大,40%含量稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料硬度最小,复合材料的硬度几乎不随花生壳粉含量的变化而变化,20%含量稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度都最大。植物纤维/PVC木塑复合材料的吸水性能随着稻壳粉和花生壳粉等植物纤维含量的增加而增强,50%含量稻壳粉/PVC木塑复合材料的吸水率最大。添加偶联剂的稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料的力学性能有所提高,吸水性降低,在一定程度上提高材料的耐磨性能,降低损耗。 相似文献
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以植物纤维、聚氯乙烯(PVC)为原材料制备植物纤维/PVC木塑复合材料,研究了植物纤维种类与含量及偶联剂含量对复合材料洛氏硬度、冲击强度、弯曲强度以及拉伸强度等力学性能的影响。结果表明,20%含量稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料的硬度最大,40%含量稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料硬度最小,复合材料的硬度几乎不随花生壳粉含量的变化而变化,20%含量稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度都最大。植物纤维/PVC木塑复合材料的吸水性能随着稻壳粉和花生壳粉等植物纤维含量的增加而增强,50%含量稻壳粉/PVC木塑复合材料的吸水率最大。添加偶联剂的稻壳粉填充PVC木塑复合材料的力学性能有所提高,吸水性降低,在一定程度上提高材料的耐磨性能,降低损耗。 相似文献
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以聚丙烯(PP)为木塑复合材料基体,分别加入4种增强剂和3种增韧剂,通过共混挤出制备PP基木塑复合材料,研究了4种增强剂含量和粒径以及3种增韧剂含量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着增强剂含量增加,复合材料的弯曲强度表现出先升后降趋势,随着增强剂粒径减小,复合材料的弯曲强度提高,增强效果从高到低依次为硅灰石、滑石粉、碳酸钙和硫酸钡;当硅灰石粒径为10μm、质量分数为15%时,复合材料具有最优的拉伸、弯曲以及缺口冲击强度。增韧剂乙烯–辛烯共聚物(POE)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)和苯乙烯–丁二烯–苯乙烯共聚物(SBS)可以大幅提高复合材料的缺口冲击强度,增韧效果从高到低依次为POE,EPDM和SBS。当粒径为10μm的硅灰石和POE质量分数分别为15%和20%时,复合材料综合力学性能最好,缺口冲击强度为17.61 k J/m2、拉伸强度为27.65 MPa、弯曲强度为30.28 MPa,其弯曲强度优于目前常用木质人造板材,可满足家具行业应用。 相似文献
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通过熔融共混制得聚丙烯/聚乳酸/纳米碳酸钙(PP/PLA/CaCO3)复合材料,考察了PLA和纳米CaCO3对复合材料力学性能、热性能、流变性能与结晶形态的影响及其作用机理。结果表明,复合材料中形成连续空间网络结构的PLA有助于改善PP的性能,PLA含量为20 %(质量分数,下同)时复合材料综合力学性能最佳;与纯PP相比,加入PLA后的复合材料拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提高5.1 %和54.4 %,断裂伸长率降低62.5 %;纳米CaCO3通过“滚珠增韧”和“异相成核”作用明显改善复合材料力学性能,纳米CaCO3含量15 %时产生的晶粒细化作用效果最为显著,复合材料综合力学性能达到最佳,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度分别比未添加CaCO3时提升了15.2 %、2.7 %和5.6 %。 相似文献
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《塑料》2017,(2)
利用注塑机制备了PLA/PBS/秸秆粉可生物降解木塑复合样条,通过电镜扫描(SEM)和力学性能测试,探讨了不同含量的马来酸酐接枝聚乳酸(MAPLA)、5%硅烷处理秸秆粉以及2种相容剂同时加入对PLA/PBS/秸秆粉可生物降解木塑复合材料力学性能和断面微观结构形态的影响。结果表明:当MAPLA含量为5%时,弯曲强度和拉伸强度最大,分别为20.51 MPa和19.03 MPa,较未添加时分别提高了146.72%和118.07%。当MAPLA含量为3%时,冲击强度最大,为20.36 kJ/m~2,较未添加时提高了36.19%。5%硅烷和5%MAPLA组合处理对PLA/PBS/秸秆粉木塑复合材料界面相容性有显著的改善,但对木塑复合材料力学性能的提高不是很明显。 相似文献
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POE和mPE增韧木塑复合材料的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用废木粉填充高密度聚乙烯制备木塑复合材料,采用茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)和乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)对复合材料进行增韧,并阐述了它们的增韧机理,讨论了增韧剂用量对复合材料的力学性能如拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度和硬度的影响,综合评价了两种冲击改性剂的增韧效果。研究结果表明:两者对高密度聚乙烯基木塑复合材料均有良好的增韧效果。单就增韧效果而言,POE优于mPE,但在其他性能如拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、硬度以及耐热性等方面,mPE明显优于POE。 相似文献
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GF及偶联剂改性PVC/稻壳木塑复合材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用模压成型的方式、通过实验探索玻璃纤维(GF)含量及偶联剂处理对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/稻壳木塑复合材料的力学特性和耐磨性的影响。实验结果表明:PVC/稻壳木塑复合材料的硬度随GF含量增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势。GF含量在15%以下时,随着GF用量的增大,木塑复合材料的拉伸强度与冲击强度总体上随之变大,超过15%则随GF含量增大而减小。而弯曲强度出现先减后增的趋势,弯曲弹性模量则与之相反。木塑复合材料的耐磨损性在GF含量为15%时最佳,摩擦系数在10%时最大。合适的偶联剂处理能增强木塑复合材料的力学性能和耐磨性。其中γ–氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)的增强效果比较好,钛酸酯不能提高PVC/稻壳木塑材料的力学性能和耐磨性。 相似文献
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为充分利用农作物植物资源,以稻秸秆、麦秸秆、稻壳三种植物纤维为填充相,聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,制备了PLA/植物纤维复合材料。对三种植物纤维的成分进行了对比分析,并对制备的复合材料的力学性能和吸水性能进行了比较,分析了三种复合材料的热重曲线、差示扫描量热曲线与红外光谱,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料的断面微观结构。结果表明,三种植物纤维材料中稻秸秆的纤维素与半纤维素总含量最高,稻秸秆制备的PLA复合材料力学性能与界面结合性最好,其弯曲强度为28 MPa,分别比麦秸秆和稻壳制备的PLA复合材料高75%和47%;PLA/稻壳复合材料的吸水率最小,比PLA/稻秸秆和PLA/麦秸秆分别小10%与25%;三种植物纤维改性PLA复合材料的热分解曲线基本相同,PLA/稻壳复合材料的热稳定性相对最好。 相似文献
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Zhongyu Qi Baiwang Wang Ce Sun Minghui Yang Xiaojian Chen Dingyuan Zheng Wenrui Yao Yang Chen Ruixiang Cheng Yanhua Zhang 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(12)
In recent years, under the pressure of resource shortage and white pollution, the development and utilization of biodegradable wood-plastic composites (WPC) has become one of the hot spots for scholars’ research. Here, corn straw fiber (CSF) was chosen to reinforce a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix with a mass ratio of 3:7, and the CSF/PLA composites were obtained by melt mixing. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the corn straw fiber core (CSFC) and corn straw fiber skin (CSFS) loaded PLA composites were stronger than those of the CSFS/PLA composites when the particle size of CSF was low. The tensile strength and bending strength of CSFS/CSFC/PLA are 54.08 MPa and 87.24 MPa, respectively, and the elongation at break is 4.60%. After soaking for 8 hours, the water absorption of CSF/PLA composite reached saturation. When the particle size of CSF is above 80 mesh, the saturated water absorption of the material is kept below 7%, and CSF/PLA composite has good hydrophobicity, which is mainly related to the interfacial compatibility between PLA and CSF. By observing the microstructure of the cross section of the CSF/PLA composite, the research found that the smaller the particle size of CSF, the smoother the cross section of the composite and the more unified the dispersion of CSF in PLA. Therefore, exploring the composites formed by different components of CSF and PLA can not only expand the application range of PLA, but also enhance the application value of CSF in the field of composites. 相似文献
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Behzad Kord 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2012,123(4):2391-2396
This experimental work is aimed at studying the performance of rice husk flour/glass fiber reinforced high density polyethylene hybrid nanocomposites. To meet this objective, the nanoclay was compounded with high density polyethylene (HDPE), rice husk flour (RF), glass fiber, and coupling agent in an internal mixer; then, the samples were fabricated by injection molding. The concentration was varied from 0 to 6 per hundred compounds for nanoclay and from 0 to 15% for glass fiber, individually. The amount of coupling agent was fixed at 2% for all formulations. The morphology, water absorption, thickness swelling, and mechanical properties of nanocomposites were evaluated as a function of nanoclay and glass fiber contents. The results indicated that both modulus and strength were improved when glass fibers were added to the composites system but impact strength and moisture absorption further decreased with the increase of glass fiber content. The morphology of the nanocomposites has been examined by using X‐ray diffraction. The morphological findings revealed that the nanocomposites formed were intercalated. The mechanical analysis showed that the biggest improvement of the tensile and flexural modulus and strengths can be achieved for the nanoclay loading at 4 per hundred compounds. However, further increasing of the loading of nanoclay resulted in a decrease of impact strength. Finally, it was found that addition of nanoclay reduced the water absorption and thickness swelling of the composites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 相似文献
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以聚乳酸(PLA)为基材,在聚烯烃弹性体(POE)的增塑作用下,搀杂不同比例的蒙脱土(MMT),采用熔融共混法,制备出一系列的PLA/POE/MMT复合材料。通过拉伸及冲击测试、差热扫描量热仪(DSC)、熔指仪对复合材料的力学性能、热性能和流动性能进行表征。结果表明:随着MMT的加入,PLA/POE/MMT复合材料的拉伸性能和冲击性能总体上比纯PLA差,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和熔点(Tm)总体上比纯PLA要低,只有当MMT含量为1 wt.%时,才使PLA体系的冲击强度有所提高,Tg和Tm有所提高。随着MMT的加入,PLA体系的流动性变好。 相似文献
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《Polymer Composites》2017,38(10):2212-2220
Sandwich composites based on coir fiber nonwoven mats as core material were manufactured by Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding technique. Mechanical and physical properties of produced coir/polyester and coir‐glass/polyester composites were assessed. Samples were evaluated according to their reinforcement contents, resin contents, areal density, and thickness. Tests on physical properties revealed that coir‐glass/polyester sandwich structure has the lowest values of thickness swelling, water absorption and moisture contents compared with coir/polyester composite. Mechanical tests such as tensile strength, open‐hole tensile strength, and flexural strength were also performed on all samples. Coir‐glass/polyester sandwich structure showed significant increase in tensile strength of 70 MPa compared with 8 MPa of coir/polyester composite. Introducing two skins of fiber glass woven roving to coir/polyester increased its flexural strength from 31.8 to 131.8 MPa for coir‐glass/polyester. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2212–2220, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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以聚乳酸(PLA)、花生壳粉为主要原料,以硅烷为偶联剂,采用模压成型法制备了PLA/花生壳粉复合材料,研究了花生壳粉含量对复合材料力学性能、吸水性能、摩擦磨损性能以及结晶性能的影响。结果表明,随着花生壳粉含量的增加,复合材料的洛氏硬度和冲击强度呈先降低后升高的趋势,拉伸强度和弯曲强度逐渐升高,均在花生壳粉含量为50 %(质量分数,下同)时达到最大;吸水性能逐渐提高;磨损性能逐渐降低;当花生壳粉含量为50 %时,PLA/花生壳粉材料具有优良的力学性能和吸水性能。 相似文献