蔗渣两段氧碱制浆的研究

探讨了NaOH用量对蔗渣浸渍和后续氧碱蒸煮制浆的影响,同时,也研究了氧碱制浆过程中氧压、蒽醌用量、蒸煮时间、蒸煮温度及液比等因素对氧碱制浆的影响。研究结果表明,浸渍段NaOH用量分别为4%、8%和14%时,氧碱制浆段NaOH用量为14%可获得较好的制浆效果;当浸渍段NaOH用量分别为6%、10%和12%时,氧碱制浆段NaOH用量为16%可获得较好的制浆效果。研究结果还表明,在相同蒸煮条件下,与蔗渣单段氧碱制浆相比,在获得相同卡伯值和抗碱性（R10）的纸浆时,两段氧碱制浆后纸浆得率更高,即在氧碱制浆前对蔗渣进行浸渍处理,可有效提高细浆得率和抗碱性,同时降低卡伯值。     

蔗渣两段氧碱制浆的研究

探讨了NaOH用量对蔗渣浸渍和后续氧碱蒸煮制浆的影响,同时,也研究了氧碱制浆过程中氧压、蒽醌用量、蒸煮时间、蒸煮温度及液比等因素对氧碱制浆的影响.研究结果表明,浸渍段NaOH用量分别为4%、8%和14%时,氧碱制浆段NaOH用量为14%可获得较好的制浆效果;当浸渍段NaOH用量分别为6%、10%和12%时,氧碱制浆段N...     

黑麦草氧碱法制浆

温和条件下的黑麦草氧碱法制浆,在实验室中进行了一系列广泛的研究,本文对这些研究结果进行了讨论。黑麦草的疏松和开放式组织结构适宜于一级氧碱法制浆,较之麦草氧碱法制浆,它所需要的温度更低,时间更短。根据所获试验数据的统计分析结果,黑麦草氧碱浆最佳条件如下: 用碱量:16％.最高温度:100℃—110℃;高温保温时间:30分;氧压:10kg/cm~2;液比:6/1。     

竹子氧碱法制浆工艺条件的探讨

对竹子氧碱法制浆的最佳工艺条件进行了探讨,实验结果表明其最佳工艺条件为:NaOH用量13%,氧压0.8MPa,蒸煮最高温度130℃,液比1:7,杂多酸(HPA)用量1%,MgCO31%.另外比较了竹材在上述工艺条件下的氧碱法制浆与常规下的KP法制浆.     

麦草氧碱制浆

温和条件下的麦草氧碱制浆在实验室被广泛研究,这篇文章选出一些结果来讨论。对比需要两段处理的木材,麦草的松弛和开放结构使它在无予处理、低温短时间内适合于一段氧制浆。根据已知数据统计分析,取得最佳强度和光学性能的制浆条件如下: 用碱量16—20％最高温度105～120℃高温保温时间40分氧压5kg/cm~2 液比 7/1     

热水预抽提对碱法蔗渣浆纤维表面性能的影响

研究了热水预抽提除髓蔗渣碱法制浆及其浆料纤维表面性能的变化。热水预抽提条件为：最高温度170℃,升温时间90 min,保温时间10 min,固液比1∶8;碱法制浆条件为：活性碱用量分别为11、14%和17%,在160℃下处理1 h,液比1∶5。结果表明,热水预抽提因为半纤维素降解而提高了蔗渣纤维表面的多孔性结构,进而制浆时加快脱木素;当活性碱用量一定时,利用预抽提蔗渣进行制浆,细浆得率更高、卡伯值更低,如当活性碱用量为17%时,预抽提蔗渣浆得率比未抽提蔗渣浆高11.3%。反相气相色谱分析表明,热水预抽提改变了蔗渣纤维表面的活性位点,降低了表面能色散分量和碱性,同时还影响粒子形态。制浆过程降低了蔗渣纤维表面的疏水性和碱性。未抽提和预抽提蔗渣浆纤维表面具有相似的性能,但形态却有所不同。预抽提蔗渣浆纤维具有提高反应活性更大的比表面积和更高的渗透性。     

蔗渣DDS置换蒸煮工艺研究

对蔗渣进行了烧碱法置换蒸煮的研究,探讨了置换蒸煮应用于蔗渣的可行性,研究了总用碱量、温充温度对制浆性能和黑液的影响。结果表明:置换蒸煮可应用于蔗渣原料,相比传统间歇烧碱法蒸煮,置换蒸煮制得的浆得率更高,黏度更高;在总用碱量30%(Na OH计),温充、热充用碱比为3∶2,温充温度120℃、保温50min,热充温度155℃、保温50min时,可以获得卡伯值为14.2、白度为48.4%ISO、黏度为1057m L/g、细浆得率为52.3%的具有较好质量的蔗渣浆。     

麦草氧碱制浆初探

对氧碱制浆作了总体的介绍,从对影响氧碱制浆的各种因素,如碱浸渍,氧碱蒸煮的用减量、最高蒸煮温度及保温时间等进行了详细地探讨,确定了最佳工艺条件并把氧碱制浆的结果同Soda-AQ制浆结果进行了对比。     

热水抽提对麦草碱法制浆性能的影响

在麦草蒸煮之前进行热水抽提,将抽提后的麦草与未抽提的麦草在相同反应条件下进行烧碱–蒽醌法制浆,探讨热水抽提对麦草碱法制浆后浆料性能的影响。热水抽提后麦草的制浆结果表明:抽提后麦草的蒸煮脱木素率提高,卡伯值下降,但是,浆料得率均有不同程度的降低。经过热水抽提,麦草碱法制浆性能提高,可以降低用碱量,缩短蒸煮保温时间。在本实验条件下,热水抽提的较佳工艺条件为:抽提最高温度140℃,升温时间30min,保温时间60min,液比1:10;后续蒸煮的较佳工艺条件为:用碱量12%(以NaOH计),蒸煮最高温度155℃,升温时间90min,保温时间30min,液比1:5。     

麦草氧碱制浆工艺的新探

麦草原料经过碱浸渍和氧气蒸煮的两段氧碱制浆可获得高的得率、白度和强度的纸浆。本文在适宜的碱浸渍基础上,在中浓制浆范围同对NaOH用量、最高温度、保温时间以及碱浸渍和氧碱蒸煮黑液的回用进行了重点探讨。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.