化学交联模压一步法制备改性PVC泡沫塑料

以聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）为主体材料,加入丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）进行共混改性,采用高温共混、化学交联模压一步法来制备改性ＰＶＣ泡沫塑料。探讨增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（ＤＯＰ）、丁腈橡胶、发泡剂偶氮二甲酰胺（ＡＣ）和戊次甲基四受（Ｈ）、交联剂过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）、填料碳酸钙（ＣａＣＯ３）等的用量对ＰＶＣ泡沫塑料性能的影响。实验表明,当选择ＰＶＣ１００份、ＮＢＲ６０份、ＤＯＰ６０份、ＡＣ４．０份、ＤＣＰ１份,     

动态硫化PVC/SBR共混体系的研究

采用动态硫化法制备了ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混物，考察了橡塑比、硫化体系、相容剂及ＰＶＣ交联对共混物性能的影响。结果表明，当ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ并用比为７５／２５，相容剂ＮＢＲ／氯化聚乙烯并用比为２．５／２．５，采用半有效或半有效加２份交联剂ＤＣＰ的硫化体系时，共混物综合性能较好。在ＰＶＣ中加入０．４份促进剂ＮＡ－２２可明显改善共混物的压缩永久变形。     

动态硫化浅色PVC/BR热塑性弹性体密封条的研制

用动态硫化法制备浅色ＰＶＣ／ＢＲ热塑性弹性体密封条的配方为：ＰＶＣ（聚合度为１３００）１００；ＢＲ２７；ＮＢＲ３；增塑剂ＤＯＰ６５；稳定剂２；防老剂４０１０１；硬脂酸０．５；氧化锌０．５；碳酸钙４０；陶土２０；促进剂ＴＭＴＤ３；促进剂ＣＺ０．５。该配方性能基本符合橡胶密封条国家标准ＧＢ／Ｔ１２４２１—１２４２６—９０。密封条最佳挤出条件为：口型温度１５０一１６０℃，螺杆转速４０—５０ｒ·ｍｉｎ（－１）。     

用R131作多功能配合剂的NBR/PVC并用胶砂浆泵衬胶研制

探讨了用烷基改性酚醛树脂（Ｒ１３１）作多功能配合剂制造ＮＢＲ／ＰＶＣ并用胶砂浆泵衬胶的方法。ＮＢＲ／ＰＶＣ并用胶砂浆泵衬胶的配方确定为：ＮＢＲ７０;ＰＶＣ３０;Ｒ１３１ ７．０;硫黄 １．１;共硫化剂ＤＭＧ ２．５;活性剂 ３．５;促进剂ＤＭ／ＣＺ ２．７;防老剂４０１０ＮＡ／Ｄ １．２;中超耐磨炭黑 ４６;增塑剂ＤＯＰ ５．０;石蜡 ０．６。Ｒ１３１在胶料混炼时分段加入。砂浆泵部件的制备工艺是：     

PVC/SBR共混改性的研究

对于非相容性ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ（１００／２０）共混体系，相容剂、增塑剂、填料和硫化剂用量以及返炼次数对共混体物理性能均有影响。试验结果表明：ＮＢＲ－２６是ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混体的良好相容剂，可以显著改善共混体的力学性能，用量以６份为宜。增塑剂ＤＯＰ为１００份、碳酸钙为８０份、硫黄为０．１份时，ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混体可获得良好的综合性能。返炼次数对共混体性能影响不大。     

吉尔130汽车发动机供油系统O形密封圈的研制

含有活性添加剂的Ｍ－８＿Ｂ１和Ｍ－８＿Ｔ２Ｋ的两种油品对ＮＢＲ－１８Ｏ形密封圈有一定的副作用，通过调整ＮＢＲ胶料硫化体系（硫黄０．３；促进剂ＣＺ１．５；促进剂Ｍ０．５；硫化剂ＤＣＰ２．０）和补强剂炭黑的用量（高耐磨炭黑５５；喷雾炭黑４０）．可以使其满足抗两种油品侵蚀的性能要求。另外，在ＮＢＲ胶料中添加２５份耐寒增塑剂（邻苯二甲酸二丁酯１０；癸二酸二辛酯１５）．可提高胶料的耐低温性能，并使脆性温度降至－６５℃以下。     

望远镜橡塑装饰包皮的研制

介绍了望远镜橡塑装饰包皮的胶料配方设计、生产工艺和产品性能。望远镜橡塑装饰包皮胶料的主体材料采用ＮＢＲ／ＰＶＣ（并用比８３／１７）并用体系;硫化体系由硫黄（１－２５ 份） 和促进剂ＴＭＴＤ（０－２９ 份）、促进剂ＤＭ（０－４２ 份）、促进剂Ｍ（０－４２ 份）组成;增塑剂选用增塑剂ＤＢＰ（８－３ 份）;黑色胶料的防老剂选用防老剂２２４６（１－６ 份）,非黑色胶料的防老剂选用防老剂２６４（２－０ 份）;黑色胶料的补强填充剂选用ＨＡＦ／ＧＰＦ（并用比８３／１７） 并用体系,非黑色胶料的补强填充剂选用白炭黑／ 陶土（ 并用比７５／１７）并用体系。ＮＢＲ 的塑炼采用低温、小辊距和低容量的三段塑炼法;ＮＢＲ与ＰＶＣ的共混采用常温共混工艺;混炼胶的威氏塑性值控制在０－２８～０－３０ 之间;制品在平板硫化机上硫化完毕后,再在１６０～１７０ ℃的烘箱中热处理１５～３０ ｍｉｎ。胶料物理性能良好,成品性能满足设计要求。     

重质芳烃油在PVC/SBR共混型热塑性弹性体中的应用研究

用重质芳烃油代替部分ＤＯＰ作增塑剂，通过动态全硫化法制成了ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混型热塑性弹性体（ＴＰＥ）。试验了不同增塑剂的品种和用量对共混物性能的影响，结果表明：当ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ的配比为５５／４５、重质芳烃油与ＤＯＰ的并用比为３／２时，共混物的力学性能和工艺性能均可满足使用要求。     

氯化聚乙烯/NBR动态硫化共混物性能的研究

在氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）和ＮＢＲ中加入促进剂ＮＡ２２首先对ＣＰＥ进行动态硫化,然后加入硫黄对ＮＢＲ进行静态硫化制备了ＣＰＥ／ＮＢＲ共混物。考察了促进剂ＮＡ２２用量、ＣＰＥ／ＮＢＲ共混比以及动态硫化温度对共混物性能的影响。结果表明,动态硫化是解决ＣＰＥ与ＮＢＲ相容性问题的有效手段;促进剂ＮＡ２２存在饱和点,用量以２份为宜;ＣＰＥ用量增大,动态硫化共混物交联密度则略有升高;动态硫化温度提高（１６０～１８０℃）,交联密度增大。     

LDPE／BR微孔塑料的制备和性能研究

讨论了ＬＤＰＥ／ＢＲ并用比、交联剂、发泡剂及助剂、填料和共混温度、发泡成型温度对ＬＤＰＥ／ＢＲ并用比、交联剂、发泡剂及助剂、填料和共混温度、发泡成型温度对ＬＤＰＥ／ＢＲ微孔塑料性能、结构的影响。结果表明：ＬＤＰＥ／ＢＲ（８０／２０质量比）１００份，ＤＣＰ０９份，ＡＣ３５份，复合发泡助剂３份，活性ＣａＣＯ３２５份，共混温度１１０℃，发泡成型温度１７０℃下，可制得性能优良的微孔塑料。扫描电镜、光学显微镜观察结果表明在上述条件下ＬＤＰＥ／ＢＲ胶料混合均匀，微孔塑料孔眼小、分布较均匀     

退火对聚碳酸酯注塑制品力学及动态力学性能的影响

本文研究了聚碳酸酯（Lexan OQ2720）注塑制品退火后的力学及动态力学性能的变化。结果表明，制品的应力集中情况有明显改善，力学性能除断裂伸长率外都产生了较高提升，拉伸强度提高了14.86%，弯曲强度提高了12.7%，弯曲模量提高了21.27%，冲击强度提高了17.93%；动态力学分析结果表明，，注塑制品的内部存在应力。经退火后，注塑制品内部取向、缠结的分子链得到充分松弛，制品储能模量随温度的变化呈线性规律，内部链段的状态稳定，热变形温度得到了提高。而未退火试样的储能模量随温度变化起伏不定，内部链段的状态比较活跃。动态频率对制品中应力有一定响应能力，响应频率范围约为30-60Hz，随着频率扫描温度的升高，由于应力集中降低，频率对应力响应能力不断降低。     

硬质多孔聚氨酯脲抛光垫材料的制备及性能研究

采用浇注机浇注的方法制备了可作为抛光垫材料使用的硬质多孔聚氨酯脲弹性体,借助万能拉力机、DMA、DSC等手段对材料性能进行表征。实验结果表明:调整硬段含量在一定范围时,可获得不同性能、多种抛光需求的抛光垫;与2,4–TDI相比,2,6–TDI的增加有助于与MOCA形成规整的硬段结晶,阻尼峰向高温处移动,但由于产物是完全线性结构,材料的储能模量反而有所降低;KEL值(能量损耗因子)用于表征材料的抛光性能时,少量的交联有助于获得较好的抛光效果。     

固体催化剂力学性能研究

本文评述了固体催化剂力学性能研究的进展,介绍了催化剂强度失效和数据统计关联等力学基础,给出了固体催化剂力学研究体系。并指出催化剂力学研究的目标是形成催化剂填充床力学可靠性模型。     

Mechanical properties and viscoelastic behavior of basalt fiber‐reinforced polypropylene

In the present article, a series of commercial‐grade polypropylenes (PP) filled with different contents of short basalt fibers were studied. This composite material presented deterioration of both mechanical characteristics, for example, stress and strain at yield with increasing of the fiber content. On the other hand, the impact strength was fourfold higher than that of unfilled PP. A poor adhesion between the PP matrix and the basalt fibers was detected. This is why interfacial interactions were promoted by the adding of poly(propylene‐g‐maleic anhydride) (PP‐g‐MA). It was observed that the tensile properties of the obtained materials and their impact strengths increased significantly with increasing of the amount of PP‐g‐MA in the blend. The adhesion improvement was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy as well. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to assess if any chemical interactions in the system PP/PP‐g‐MA/basalt fibers exist. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis data showed an increase of the storage modulus with increasing fiber content. The conclusion was made that the modification of the PP matrix led to a higher stiffness but its value remained constant, irrespective of the PP‐g‐MA content. With increasing fiber content, damping in the β‐region decreased, but increase of the coupling agent content restored its value back to that of PP. The loss modulus spectra presented a strong influence of fiber content on the α‐relaxation process of PP. The position of the peaks of the above‐mentioned relaxation processes are discussed as well. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 523–531, 1999     

Influence of the grafting topology of hydrophobic silica surfaces on the mechanical properties of silicone high consistency rubbers

Silica‐filled rubber materials exhibit stress softening and hysteresis under cyclic loadings. These phenomena are usually associated with both the Payne and Mullins effects. To better characterize these properties, five model silicas were produced and used in industrial‐like high consistency rubber (HCR) formulations: the native (hydrophilic) silica and four chemically modified silicas for which both the content of surface silanols and the nature of the grafted silicone chains differ. Silica ? polydimethylsiloxane HCR elastomer with constant silica content and optimal dispersion was tested via static (uniaxial tensile tests, cyclic and monotonic) and dynamic tests. The Payne and Mullins effects as well as the ultimate properties were evaluated as a function of particle surface treatment. It was found that the Payne amplitude decreases with the content of grafted chains, whereas the Mullins effect and ultimate strain decrease with an increase in molar mass between crosslinks. Finally, the ultimate strength is optimal as long as silica is surface treated, albeit independent of surface grafting topology. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯／不饱和聚氨酯共聚物的力学性能

报道了ＰＭＭＡ／ＵＳＰＵ共聚物的力学性能。研究结果表明，ＵＳＰＵ对ＰＭＭＡ具人显著的增韧必增强作用。共聚物的模量－组成关系符合Ｄａｖｉｅｓ模型，表明共聚物中ＰＭＭＡ相和ＵＳＰＵ相之间呈互为连续的形态。     

TPI结晶性对DCP硫化TPI胶料性能的影响

研究了反式-1,4-聚异戊二烯（TPI）结晶性对不同用量过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）硫化的TPI性能的影响。结果表明,拉伸前后TPI试样的XRD曲线上结晶峰有明显不同。TPI预拉伸冷冻试样的拉伸性能与冷冻前后原始试样的差异明显。随着DCP用量的增加,500mm/min和50mm/min拉伸速率下测得的拉伸强度之间的差异变得越来越小;同一压缩率时,试样的压缩强度不断降低。在tanδ-温度曲线上,随着交联密度的提高,TPI低温损耗峰的tanδ值不断增大,而其高温损耗峰的tanδ值呈下降趋势。     

Mechanical properties of functionally graded carbon black–styrene butadiene rubber composites: Effect of modifying gradation and average filler loading

The mechanical properties of functionally graded polymeric composites (FGPCs) with varying carbon black loading and the effect of stacking sequence in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix were studied. For a given average amount of nanofiller, the modulus of FGPCs for any given stacking sequence of layers is higher when compared with its uniformly dispersed polymeric composites (UDPCs) counterpart. Tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength either increase or decrease depending on the stacking sequence and average loading of the filler in FGPCs. In addition, the smoother gradation (i.e., lesser difference in the amounts of CB content in adjacent layers) and a wide gap of difference in CB content in a stack has a profound effect on the modulus and tensile strength of FGPCs. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows lesser damping in FGPCs than UDPCs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

铝合金无铆钉自冲铆接仿真研究

文章主要针对无铆钉自冲铆接成形工艺进行研究,运用有限元分析软件LS-DYNA对不同压边力条件下无铆钉铆接接头成形后回弹性能的影响以及接头拉伸力学性能的影响进行分析,研究接头的失效模式,确定该模型在考虑回弹和力学性能的条件下得到最佳的压边力。     

Methods for studying the mechanical and tribological properties of hard and soft coatings with a nano-indenter

This study illustrates the capabilities of a nanoindentation/nanoscratch tester to assess mechanical and tribological properties of coating films. Properties such as hardness, elastic modulus, mar and scratch resistance, and critical force for cracking can be accurately measured. Operation of the Nano-Indenter is described in detail. A scanning probe microscope (SPM) is shown to be a valuable supplement to the Nano-Indenter. Well-characterized thermoset acrylic clearcoats and thermoplastic latex films were studied. For the first time, operating parameters are described for measurement of relatively soft coatings, such as films cast from a latex with a glass transition temperature (T_g) of 8°C. Thus, the method is made available for study of most types of coatings. The method can easily discriminate between coatings with different T_gs and crosslink densities. Once operating parameters are established, it takes about 10 minutes for an indentation test and 10 minutes for a scratch test with the Nano-Indenter, and with further automation this time could be reduced. Each indentation test accurately measures hardness and elastic modulus as a function of depth within the coating, and each scratch test provides additional insight into the material’s behavior. The method is sensitive to small changes in polymer composition and formulation, and results are highly reproducible. Presented at the 81st Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, November 12–14, 2003, in Philadelphia, PA.