微阴极条感应室

微阴极条感应室是近年来发展起来的一种高位置灵敏气体探测器，并被应用到世界上最大加速器LHC的大型探测器LHC－b上，比较详细地描述了探测器的基本结构，工作原理和主要性能。     

核反应堆液位事故后监测系统

本文基于发热在气体和液体中放热系数的显著差异，开发了一种加热式铠装热偶液位探测器，并在模拟装置中进行了实验。结果表明该探测器原理正确，性能可靠，结构可行。多个探测器构成探测器组件，配以ＳＰＥＣ－２００核级仪表，可实现供热堆压力壳内水位事故后监测。     

基于印刷线路板技术的复合气体探测器

将当前先进的PCB加工技术用于制作微条气体探测器(MSGC),并结合微电子加工技术制作电子倍增器(GEM),可以制作性能优越价格低廉的复合式位置灵敏探测器.论文从气体探测器工作原理出发,分析了各种类型气体探测器的优缺点,并根据当前国内的微电子加工技术,设计制作了MS-GC+ GEM复合式气体探测器.随着PCB精加工技术的进步,性能更优越可靠、更易加工的气体探测器很快将问世.     

高压~4He气体闪烁体中子探测器的物理设计

高压4He气体闪烁体中子探测器是一种具有快响应、高n-γ甄别比和较高探测效率等特点的新型快中子探测器。本工作采用了蒙特卡罗方法研究了4He气体压强和几何尺寸对高压4He气体闪烁体中子探测器的性能影响规律,并开展了探测器结构的优化设计。研究结果表明,气压增大可线性增加中子本征探测效率;探测器长度增加会降低中子的探测效率;探测器管径增加会使中子探测效率提高。当气压取120 atm,长度和管径分别取200 mm和44 mm时,探测器对近裂变谱中子(平均能量1.05 Me V)的探测效率为4.28%,为后续探测器制备提供理论指导。     

位置灵敏微条气体室

本文介绍了位置灵敏气体探测器的最新发展，讨论了影响探测器性能的各种因素，然后把微条探测器与多丝室作了比较。     

电流模式下微型裂变电离室参数对探测性能的影响

裂变电离室在工作时,其内部气体中持续地发生着电离和复合过程。为了进一步了解这些过程对探测性能的影响,需要从等离子体物理的角度来研究裂变电离室。借助BOLSIG+以及电流模式下微型裂变电离室的基本理论模型,计算了电极的几何尺寸、裂变率以及气体电离度等参数对探测器饱和区电压范围的影响,并对结果进行了讨论。此外,根据不同电离度情况下的计算结果,对高温导致探测器饱和区电压范围变小这一现象给出了一种可能的解释。     

Garfield模拟工作气体对涂硼MRPC热中子探测器性能的影响

多气隙电阻板室(Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber,MRPC)是一种新型气体探测器,具有探测效率高和时间分辨好等优点,在内层玻璃涂硼后可用于热中子探测。不同的工作气体对涂硼MRPC热中子探测器的性能有很大影响。利用Garfield模拟了不同工作气体的汤生系数η、电子吸附系数α、漂移速度v、扩散系数D等物理参数,并计算给出了MRPC的时间分辨率σt、本征探测效率ε。通过模拟结果对工作气体进行优化,为探测器的实际制作和实验测试提供必要的指导。     

10cm×10cm Bulk Micromegas探测器的研制

<正>Micromegas探测器是一种新型微结构气体探测器,于1996年由Giomataris等首先研制出来,它是目前最先进的气体探测器之一。该探测器具有优异的位置分辨、稳定的性能和很好的耐辐照性能等特点,能够在很高的计数率条件下工作,尤其适合用于高亮度环境,近年来在国际上得到迅速发展。使用光蚀刻技术制作的Micromegas探测器     

用于束流剖面探测的位置灵敏探测器

介绍了用于剩余气体束流剖面探测系统的位置灵敏探测器的原理和结构。测试了探测器的性能，得到了位置分辨、位置线性、探测效率及探测器本底。     

凸度仪双排阵列气体电离室探测器的设计与研制

为提高凸度仪系统的稳定性与可靠性,更好地适应恶劣的现场环境,采用气体电离室作为凸度仪的探测器。本文分析了气体电离室探测器的特点,对电离室结构进行了研究与设计,阐述了“双排阵列”这一特点,并对阵列布置方式进行了研究。最终设计出的水平布置的双排阵列气体电离室探测器满足了凸度仪系统的要求,且提高了系统的分辨率及重建精度。     

Simulation of a new hybrid MPGD with improved time resolution and decreased discharge probabilities using Garfield++

In this work,a new hybrid MPGD consisting of two GEM foils and a metallic mesh was proposed.Based on the simulation studies,this design can significantly reduce the rise time of signal and has a better performance in respect of particle identification compared with the triple GEM design.The gain with various voltages setting was computed in order to provide us references for future experiment.The simulation results also show that the time and space resolution compared to the triple GEM detector are also improved.The time and space resolution of hybrid detector with Ar/CO2(70/30) and Ar/isobutane(95/5) were investigated for various drift electric field intensities.This new hybrid detector shows excellent potential for both fundamental research and imaging applications.     

正比室一些特性的研究

本文描述了簇射计数器中的正比室模型。研究了正比室所使用的气体CH_4/Ar和Co_2/Ar的特性。使用~(55)FeX射线源研究了气体放大系数和能量分辨率与气体成份和丝直径的关系。也给出了正比室坪特性与气体成份的关系。 关于~(55)FeX射线谱的两个峰,提出了与文献[4]不同的解释。     

Effect of Methylal Quenching Gas for Self-Quenching Streamer (SQS) Tube with Ar-isoC4H10-Methylal Mixture

Abstract

Properties of a self-quenching streamer (SQS) tube with an Ar-isoC₄H₁₀ (75:25) mixture containing 2.5% methylal vapor have been investigated for uniform α-ray irradiation. The effect of electro-negative methylal as the second quenching gas has been studied for avalanche sizes, pulse shapes of current signals, dead zones, and counting-rate characteristics of the SQS tube. The dead zone and counting-rate characteristics are improved very much by the use of the mixture containing methylal.     

A new glass GEM with a single-sided guard-ring structure

The gas electron multiplier (GEM) is a gaseous detector that is widely used in many applications. Our glass GEM (G-GEM) comprises a photo-etchable glass (PEG3, HOYA Corporation, Japan). Our research indicated that it shows superior performance compared with other gas detectors. In this article, a new type of G-GEM is introduced. It has a guard-ring structure around the holes in order to improve the spark tolerance by reducing the total capacitance of each hole structure. A measured gas gain of approximately 7500 is attained for this new G-GEM with a single-sided guard-ring structure using a gas mixture of Ar (90%) and CH₄ (10%) in the gas flow mode. An energy resolution of 17.3% (FWHM) is also achieved with a collimated 6 keV X-ray beam. The results of a 10 to 12 hour gas gain stability measurements are also shown.     

Effect of methane content and the oscillating electric field between electrodes on atmospheric Ar/methane plasma jet and DLC coating deposition

In this work, the effects of the methane gas flow and the internal oscillating electric field between electrodes on radio-frequency(RF) atmospheric pressure argon/methane plasma jet and process of diamond-like carbon(DLC) film deposition have been investigated. Properties of RF atmospheric Ar/methane plasma jet such as active species density, length, electron temperature,appearance and ionization process of argon/methane plasma jet are changed due to the changing of methane flow content and electric field vector and its gradient. With increasing methane flow,the formation of C2 hydrocarbon and CH band content is decreased because injected electrical energy to a mixture of Ar/methane gases is insufficient to stabilize the ionization process of methane gas and the electrical-chemical reaction rate is decreased. With shortening the gas gap between two electrodes, electric field strength and its gradient are increased leading to more energy injection to the electron. Electrical-chemical reactions are strengthened leading to increasing the CH band content. These phenomena introduce the Ar/methane plasma jet in different modes causing to deposit the DLC film with different structures and properties. With using quartz glass and alumina ceramic as dielectric barriers tubes, RF atmospheric pressure Ar/methane plasma jet has been used to deposit DLC coating in different modes. Increasing methane content and shortening the gas gap leads to decreasing sp3 bonded content and the quality of the deposited film.     

一种高性能双维位置灵敏平行板雪崩探测器

本文描述了为兰州放射性离子束流线（RIBLL）研制的一种高性能平行板雪崩计数器（PPAC）。它由中心阳极和X、Y位置阴极构成，阳极间距3mm。阳极为1.5mm厚Mylar膜，双面镀金。阴极为φ25μm镀金钨丝，丝距1mm，位置读出采用电荷分除法。工作气体异丁烷。当工作气压为700Pa，阳极电压为500V时，对3组分α粒子位置分辨0.76mm(FWHM)，探测效率约99.1％。     

Investigation and application of hollow anode glow discharge ion source

In the present work, a new shape of a glow discharge ion source has been designed, fabricated and constructed at Accelerators and Ion Sources Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt. The discharge and output beam characteristics of the ion source at different operating gas pressures have been measured at the optimum distance between the anode and the cathode (3.5 mm) using hydrogen and nitrogen gases. Furthermore, mixture of different gases was studied, e.g., addition of H₂ gas to N₂ gas with different ratios has been investigated. Finally, as an application of this new ion source, ion beam modification of insulators (glass) which depends on glass structure has been achieved. It has been found that, the transmission of light is decreased by coating the glass surface with Ar ion beam more than coating with plasma of Ar gas at the same pressure and the same exposure time. So we could use this ion source as a coating tool for borate glass surface. The parameters affected the glow discharge ion source efficiency have been examined carefully using a mixture of gases. Using helium gas, the glow discharge is in a turbulent state due to instabilities. An investigated H₂-N₂ mixture has been used in order to obtain an optimum percentage of the mixture of the two gases to increase the electric field necessary for ionization balance.     

Measurement of Electromagnetic Shower Position and Size with a Saturated Avalanche Tube Hodoscope and a Fine Grained Scintillation Hodoscope

A hodoscope has been constructed from 100 ?m diameter wires and brass tubes (1.2 × 0.7 cm2 cross section) filled with a mixture of argon, ethane and ethyl alchohol. It has been tested in the saturated avalanche mode in an SCG1-C electromagnetic shower detector to determine its properties for the measurement of the position and size of electromagnetic showers. Two of these tube hodoscopes were positioned 3.5 radiation lengths deep in the detector and the profiles of 1-25 GeV electromagnetic showers were measured. Simultaneous measurements were performed using a plane of twenty, 0.5 cm wide scintillation counters positioned immediately behind the gas tube hodoscope. In addition the transition between saturated avalanche and limited streamer modes has been measured for the tube hodoscopes.     

Enhanced removal of X-ray-induced carbon contamination using radio-frequency Ar/H_2 plasma

Removal of X-ray-induced carbon contamination on beamline optics was studied using radio-frequency plasma with an argon/hydrogen(Ar/H_2) mixture. Experiments demonstrated that the carbon removal rate with Ar/H_2 plasma was higher than that with pure hydrogen or argon. The possible mechanism for this enhanced removal was discussed. The key working parameters for Ar/H_2 plasma removal were determined, including the optimal vacuum pressure, gas mixing ratio, and source power. The optimal process was performed on a carbon-coated multilayer, and the reflectivity was recovered.