共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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石墨烯/金属氧化物锂离子电池负极材料的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
石墨烯作为锂离子电池负极材料时,比克容量是石墨的两倍,但是纯石墨烯因其在充放电过程中团聚,导电循环性能差。为了延长石墨烯的循环寿命,一种有效的方法是在石墨烯中加入过渡金属氧化物(CoOx,CuOx,NiOx,FeOx和MnOx等)。这些过渡金属氧化物比克容量高(700~1000mAh/g),但是在充放电过程中发生体积膨胀,导致其循环性能差。过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯复合后,能够弥补彼此的缺点,具有优异的电化学性能。综述了石墨烯/过渡金属氧化物复合物在锂离子电池负极材料上的应用,并研究了石墨烯加入后对复合材料的性能提升的原因。 相似文献
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负极材料是锂离子电池的重要组成部分,目前商用锂离子电池的负极材料石墨的理论比容量仅为372 mAh/g,严重制约了锂离子电池的进一步发展。在众多的锂离子电池负极材料新体系中,金属氧化物具有理论比容量高、价格低廉、环境相容性好等优点,受到广泛关注,但是其存在导电性差、充放电体积变化大等缺点。研究发现,纳米化可以在保持金属氧化物优点的同时克服其缺点,因此成为金属氧化物基负极材料的研究热点。本文对近期纳米金属氧化物基锂离子电池负极材料研究的主要成果进行综述,着重关注几种具有代表性的金属氧化物及其复合物的纳米结构设计与性能优化,并为后续相关研究提出建议。 相似文献
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作为一种介于传统电容器和电池之间的新型电化学储能器件,超级电容器的整体性能主要受限于电极材料。研究发现,具有赝电容特性的过渡金属氧化物因其多重氧化态、多金属离子特性和高理论比容量,在电化学储能相关领域备受关注。首先简要阐述了柔性超级电容器的结构及储能机理。然后,概述了以不同元数的过渡金属氧化物为主体构筑的"二元"和"三元"柔性复合电极材料。接着,总结了由复合电极材料组装成的柔性超级电容器在可穿戴电子设备和多功能柔性器件——储能智能窗(ESS窗)方面的应用。最后,提出了过渡金属氧化物基柔性超级电容器在实际应用中所面临的挑战及今后的主要研究方向。 相似文献
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用苯酚和甲醛在碱性条件下合成了可溶性酚醛树脂,加入一定质量比的单质硫,在氮气气氛下进行热裂解,制备了硫化聚并苯导电材料(SPAS);用FTIR、XRD、TG、SEM、BET等方法对所制备材料进行了结构表征,用标准四探针方法对裂解产物的室温电导率进行了测定.研究结果表明:掺杂硫的酚醛树脂经裂解后,产物呈现无定形结构且材料的层间距增大,裂解产物的比表面积比未硫化的裂解产物的比表面积增大,当硫的掺杂量为10%时,裂解产物的比表面积达140m2/g,电导率可达2~4S/cm;电化学性能测试结果表明,硫化后的裂解产物的首次放电容量和首次充放电效率都明显提高,当硫的掺杂量为10%时,首次放电容量达1410mAh/g,首次充放电效率达85.5%,比未硫化的聚并苯电池的首次充放电效率提高10%. 相似文献
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石墨烯作为一种锂离子电池负极材料表现出优异的电化学性能,但石墨烯在充放电过程中容易团聚,导致其容量衰减特别快。而金属氧化物在充放电过程中体积膨胀大,因此其容量衰减也非常快;另外,金属氧化物的电导率低,导致其倍率性能差。将金属氧化物与石墨烯复合,两者性能互补,石墨烯可提高复合材料的电导率,缓解金属氧化物在充放电过程中的体积效应;金属氧化物可提高复合材料的储锂容量,并能阻止石墨烯在充放电过程中团聚。本文介绍了石墨烯/CuO锂离子电池负极材料的制备方法,分析了石墨烯与氧化铜及其复合材料的储锂机制,展望了石墨烯/CuO锂离子电池负极材料的应用前景,并指出了当前研究中存在的问题。 相似文献
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Yanrong Lv Chao Han Ye Zhu Tianao Zhang Shuo Yao Zhangxing He Lei Dai Ling Wang 《材料科学技术学报》2021,75(16):96-109
Vanadium redox flow battery(VRFB)is a kind of battery with wide application prospect.Electrode mate-rial is one of the key components of VRFB,and its stability directly affects the performance of battery.Among all kinds of electrode materials,carbon-based material has the best comprehensive properties.However,carbon-based electrodes still have disadvantages such as poor hydrophilicity and low electro-chemical activity which need to be improved.One of the effective ways to improve the performance of electrode is to modify carbon-based material with metals and metal oxides.The metal catalysts have excellent electrical conductivity and high catalytic activity.The metal oxide catalysts have the advan-tages of low cost,wide variety and strong oxidizing properties.This work introduced the application of metal and metal oxide modified electrodes in VRFB in recent years,classified the catalysts,studied their catalytic performance and mechanism.The metal catalysts were reviewed from precious metals and base metals.The metal oxide catalysts were classified and discussed according to the similar proper-ties of the same group elements.This work compared different modification methods,summarized the research progress of metal and metal oxide modification,and proposes the future development direction of electrodes and catalysts. 相似文献
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Generalized Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanosheets and Their Application as Li‐Ion Battery Anodes 下载免费PDF全文
Ayman A. AbdelHamid Yue Yu Jinhua Yang Jackie Y. Ying 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(32)
Metal oxide nanosheets have attracted great attention in various fields, such as energy storage, catalysis, and sensors. Current synthesis methods of metal oxide nanosheets are laborious and not scalable. Herein, a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of metal oxide nanosheets is presented, which requires neither hydro‐/solvothermal conditions nor postsynthesis template removal. The synthesis is versatile, as evidenced by the wide variety of metal oxide nanosheets derived. Nanosheet properties such as crystallinity, crystallite size, and carbon content can be controlled by tuning the synthesis conditions. The metal oxide nanosheets demonstrate promising performance as Li‐ion battery anodes. 相似文献
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锂金属负极以其最高的理论比容量(3860 mAh·g -1)和最低的电化学电位(-3.04 V (vs SHE))被誉为电池界的“圣杯”。但是锂金属电池的缺点也尤为明显: 充放电过程中锂金属电池容易在负极不均匀沉积从而产生锂枝晶, 锂枝晶的产生会造成固体电解质介面(SEI)膜的持续破裂, 不稳定的SEI膜又会加剧锂枝晶的形成, 进而刺穿隔膜, 导致电池的循环性能下降, 产生安全隐患, 所以采取相应的措施在负极均匀沉积金属锂尤为重要。本研究使用商业化的铜网, 通过碱性溶剂的氧化和空气气氛煅烧, 在铜网表面形成均一的亲锂氧化铜纳米片阵列。铜网的3D结构可以有效减小电流密度, 亲锂的纳米片阵列可以降低锂的沉积过电势, 均匀沉积锂, 有效抑制锂枝晶的产生。在电流密度为3 mA·cm -2的半电池测试中, 稳定循环230圈后库伦效率稳定维持在99%以上; 搭配磷酸铁锂(LFP)全电池测试, 在1C(0.17 mA·mg -1)条件下可稳定循环300圈, 容量保持率为95%。本研究为锂金属负极3D集流体的设计提供了新思路。 相似文献
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PEO基聚合物电解质 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
聚氧化乙烯(PEO)基电解质是研究最早的聚合物电解质体系,它在电池生产中已得到应用。PEO基聚合物电解质主要分为聚合物/盐型和凝胶型两大类,凝胶型聚合物电解质因具有较高的电导率而被认为是固态锂离子电池最有应用前景的临时性解质体系。对两种类型的聚合物电解质的研究进展作了较为详细的论述,在此基础上分析了PEO基聚合物电解质中离子的传输机理。PEO基聚合物电解质中离子的运动能力与链的结构。离子浓度,温度,增塑剂等因素有关。 相似文献
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电动汽车和相关电源材料的现状与前景 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
论述了电动汽车(EV)、电动汽车用镍氢电池、锂离子电池、质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)、固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)及相关材料的研发现状、产业化前景,指出以电动汽车代替燃油内燃机汽车,以氢能代替碳基燃料,是当前运输业的主要发展方向。 相似文献
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Formation of N‐Doped Carbon‐Coated ZnO/ZnCo2O4/CuCo2O4 Derived from a Polymetallic Metal–Organic Framework: Toward High‐Rate and Long‐Cycle‐Life Lithium Storage 下载免费PDF全文
Ji‐Liang Niu Cheng‐Hui Zeng Hai‐Jun Peng Xiao‐Ming Lin Palanivel Sathishkumar Yue‐Peng Cai 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(47)
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are very promising self‐sacrificing templates for the large‐scale fabrication of new functional materials owing to their versatile functionalities and tunable porosities. Most conventional metal oxide electrodes derived from MOFs are limited by the low abundance of incorporated metal elements. This study reports a new strategy for the synthesis of multicomponent active metal oxides by the pyrolysis of polymetallic MOF precursors. A hollow N‐doped carbon‐coated ZnO/ZnCo2O4/CuCo2O4 nanohybrid is prepared by the thermal annealing of a polymetallic MOF with ammonium bicarbonate as a pore‐forming agent. This is the first report on the rational design and preparation of a hybrid composed of three active metal oxide components originating from MOF precursors. Interestingly, as a lithium‐ion battery anode, the developed electrode delivers a reversible capacity of 1742 mAh g?1 after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.3 mA g?1. Furthermore, the material shows large storage capacities (1009 and 667 mAh g?1), even at high current flow (3 and 10 A g?1). The remarkable high‐rate capability and outstanding long‐life cycling stability of the multidoped metal oxide benefits from the carbon‐coated integrated nanostructure with a hollow interior and the three active metal oxide components. 相似文献
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Paper-based electrochemical sensing platform with integral battery and electrochromic read-out 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We report a battery-powered, microelectrochemical sensing platform that reports its output using an electrochromic display. The platform is fabricated based on paper fluidics and uses a Prussian blue spot electrodeposited on an indium-doped tin oxide thin film as the electrochromic indicator. The integrated metal/air battery powers both the electrochemical sensor and the electrochromic read-out, which are in electrical contact via a paper reservoir. The sample activates the battery and the presence of analyte in the sample initiates the color change of the Prussian blue spot. The entire system is assembled on the lab bench, without the need for cleanroom facilities. The applicability of the device to point-of-care sensing is demonstrated by qualitative detection of 0.1 mM glucose and H(2)O(2) in artificial urine samples. 相似文献
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SrTiO3作为钛矿型金属氧化物半导体,具有环境友好、原料来源丰富等优点。本研究发现了一种制备高新热电性能SrTiO3材料的新工艺,对比固相反应法直接烧制的SrTiO3陶瓷,采用本工艺的PAS+埋烧热处理方法可以降低制备反应温度,并且所得材料的功率因子得到显著提高。该项发现主要研究了在此工艺下制备的不同La、Nb掺杂比(5%-15%)的样品性能变化情况。结果表明,该工艺下制备的SrTiO3样品中La15Nb15样品在873K时的最大功率因子可达1.279mW·m-1·K-1。但是部分样品热导率也会出现一定程度的增加。综合效果是材料热电优值ZT得以提升,在873K时La10Nb5样品的ZT值达到了0.28。 相似文献