Z源逆变器直流链电压滑模控制研究

提出一种Z源逆变器直流链电压的滑模控制方法。首先指出直通占空比至Z源网络电容电压和直通占空比至直流链电压的传递函数均含有右半平面零点,但基于控制电容电压的间接控制比控制直流链电压峰值的直接控制更为优越;在此基础上,设计了以电感电流误差、电容电压误差和电容电压误差的积分为状态变量的直流链电压滑模控制器,推导了控制律和使系统满足存在条件和稳定条件的滑模系数范围。所设计的滑模控制器比PI控制器具有更快的动态响应,而且工作状态在较大范围变化时可保证系统稳定,鲁棒性强。通过仿真和实验证明了直流链电压滑模控制器的有效性。     

Z-源逆变器直流链升压电路控制器的研究

本文提出了一种PID控制器控制Z-源逆变器Z-源网络电容两端的电压,得到较为恒定的直流链电压.基于Z-源网络小信号模型和直通占空比调制信号传递函数的基础上,得到整个环路的开环增益,设计了PID控制器.该控制器具有抑制诸如电源电压波动、负载电流扰动等的功能.同时,由于增加了微分(D)调节,系统的动态性能和稳定裕度都得到了很大程度的改善;能够克服由于Z-源网络电容和直通占空比之间的非线性关系给系统带来的闭环控制器设计困难、系统的动态性能差等缺点,使控制器参数设计非常准确、简单,动态、静态有了明显的提高.通过仿真和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性.     

Multilevel inverter modulation schemes to eliminate common-mode voltages

It is well known that conventional two-level pulsewidth modulated (PWM) inverters generate high-frequency common-mode voltages with high dv/dt. Similarly, commonly used multilevel inverter modulation schemes generate common-mode voltages. Common-mode voltages may cause motor shaft voltages and bearing currents and conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI). Premature motor bearing failures and electronic equipment malfunctions have been reported to be directly related to bearing currents and EMI. In this paper, approaches to eliminating common-mode voltage when using multilevel PWM inverters are presented. It is shown that inverters, which have an odd number of levels, will generate zero common-mode voltage by switching among certain states. Therefore, motor bearing currents will be eliminated and conducted EMI will be reduced. Both sinusoidal PWM and space-vector modulation (SVM) schemes are discussed and detailed comparative simulation results between conventional and novel modulation schemes are provided. The value of the proposed technique is demonstrated experimentally by applying the novel SVM approach to a conventional multilevel inverter.     

Prediction of harmonic power losses in fuses located in DC-link circuit of an inverter

Fuses may in the future enter into the DC link of voltage-source converters and the harmonic power losses prediction in fuses is very important for the manufacturers in order to predict lifetime and protection level of the converter. The DC-link current has a high harmonic content for an inverter that uses any kind of space-vector modulation strategy. The aim of this paper is to find a useful approximation for the AC resistance of a fuse and to predict the harmonic power losses in it when it is fed from an inverter.     

Multilevel inverter using cascaded 3-phase transformers with common-arm configuration

In multilevel inverter development for 3-phase applications, total number of transformer in the circuit can be reduced by using of cascaded 3-phase transformer circuit instead of single-phase transformer circuit. In the scheme, total number of switching components in the circuit is still a drawback to achieve lower cost and smaller size of the inverter compared with conventional multilevel inverter. This paper includes a challenging method to reduce total switching components in the multilevel inverter by adopting common-arm structure.The proposed inverter has been operated by two control schemes, Newton-Raphson and Equal-area method. After theoretical and experimental comparison of the methods, we found that Newton-Raphson method is useful to eliminate a specific harmonic order. However, the method has a shortcoming in real time operation which is performed by iterative calculation of the nonlinear equations. With Equal-area method, we can easily find the switching angles by calculating a trigonometric function. It can sufficiently minimize Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of output voltage in real time operation of Digital Signal Processor (DSP).     

A reduced-switch dual-bridge inverter topology for the mitigationof bearing currents, EMI, and DC-link voltage variations

This paper presents a reduced-switch-count dual-bridge inverter approach for the mitigation of motor bearing currents and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The proposed inverter employs two four-switch inverters and is controlled to generate balanced excitation of dual-voltage-rating induction motors under pulsewidth modulated operation. The proposed approach eliminates the common-mode voltage and, thus, prevents the motors from premature bearing failures in addition to reducing the conducted EMI. Compared to the conventional four-switch inverters, the proposed inverter also eliminates the single-phase circulating current and voltage variations across the DC-link capacitors, which allows smaller capacitance to maintain the DC-bus voltage. Theoretical analysis as well as simulation and experimental results are presented to verify this concept     

Study of dead time of PWM rectifier of Voltage-source inverter without DC-link components and its operating characteristics of induction motor

A voltage-source inverter without dc-link components is an ac-to-ac converter having dual bridges of a pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) rectifier and a PWM inverter that can be controlled independently. While conventional matrix converters have disadvantages, such as a complicated commutation scheme and necessity of a large-sized clamp circuit, commutation, and protection of our inverter can be implemented easily. In order to control the PWM rectifier and the PWM inverter independently, snubber circuits for the PWM rectifier are required to assure the path of load current during dead time. In this paper, analytical method of a snubber circuit and operating characteristics of a snubber circuit are described when a 0.75-kW induction motor is driven by our inverter.     

谐振直流环节逆变电源研究

谐振电路的Lr,Cr受MSPWM（改进的脉宽调制）方式控制,在调制波的半个周期内产生一连串的准正弦脉冲,其峰值包络线为半波正弦。由周波变流器变换为正负半周对称,包络为正弦波的脉冲群序列,经滤波便得到光滑的正弦波输出,逆变器的电压环用于稳定电压输出,电流环调节载波频率,使负载获得足够的功率,直流谐振环节的主控开关具有良好的软开关特性,周波变流器均为零压开关,文章详细分析了各工作阶段的原理,并进行了仿真,最后给出了实验结果。     

SVG的直流电容选择分析

SVG中逆变器直流电容的选择与逆变器结构、控制策略、线路参数等都有很大的联系。从矢量分析的角度出发,通过RLC动态过程的数学模型,分析SVG直流电容的大小在不同逆变器结构和控制方式下对系统的影响;在保证系统动态稳定条件下,同时给出了不同系统结构和负载扰动下的电容选择范围。     

有源电力滤波器最小直流侧电压设计

分析了三相4线制并联型有源电力滤波器的原理,并建立系统的单相模型。在此基础上,通过数学推导得出APF正常运行所需的直流侧最小电压值。对比传统依靠经验确定的直流侧电压值,运用所提出的最小电压值设计,可以在保证系统正常运行和补偿效果的前提下,使直流侧电压维持在所需的最小值,系统因直流侧电压产生的电能消耗及开关损耗将得到有效减小。通过APF样机实验,结果证明APF直流侧最小电压值推导的正确性和优越性,并讨论了直流侧电压对APF补偿效果的影响。     

直流支撑电容器杂散电感测量方法研究

自1997年第一条柔性直流输电试验工程在瑞典Hellsjon投运以来,经过多年的发展,国内外已建成并投运数十条柔性直流输电线路,但模块化多电平结构的柔性直流输电线路在2010年左右才开始投入建设、运行,总体运行时间较短,各设备运行参数仍处于积累阶段.对于MMC功率模块中使用的直流支撑电容器(DC?Link capacitor),对于其具体使用工况和应用条件等详细参数仍需要进一步的研究,因此,对于此类电容器的试验条件和方法仍有待研究,本文从实际应用角度出发,分析了杂散电感测量试验的目的,讨论了相关试验方法,可为实验室实施提供一定参考.     

光伏逆变器中DC-link电容的选型计算

DC-link电容是光伏逆变器直流侧电路的重要组成部分,其设计选型对逆变器的性能、体积、重量及成本均有一定影响.以单级三相全桥拓扑的光伏逆变器为例,重点讨论了薄膜电容的额定电压、容量及纹波电流等参数所需满足的要求,进行了理论分析、计算和仿真,以期对实际应用中的电容选取提供参考.     

H桥级联型整流器直流电压平衡控制改进算法

直流母线电压平衡控制是H桥级联型整流器（CHBR）主要的研究问题。为此在建立CHBR的数学模型基础上,分析了一种基于比例-积分（PI）调节器的CHBR直流电压平衡控制算法,并针对其不能空载运行的问题展开研究,利用相量图法揭示了该方法在空载时失控的内在机理;同时根据分析的结果提出了改进算法。改进算法的主要特点是通过使各功率单元的交流侧电压基波相位保持相同来实现空载条件下的电压控制,它不仅适用于直流电压给定值相同或者不相同的CHBR控制,同时也易于扩展到多单元的CHBR。对所提的算法进行了仿真研究,并搭建两单元CHBR的实验样机,对文中提到的改进算法进行了实验验证。实验结果表明了改进算法的有效性,同时也验证了改进算法和原算法在空载运行特性上的差异。     

MMC-HVDC直流侧故障特性仿真分析

由于拓扑和调制策略的不同,基于模块化多电平换流器的高压直流输电(MMC-HVDC)系统在直流侧发生故障时呈现出与两电平电压源型直流输电(VSC-HVDC)系统不同的故障特性。在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建的仿真模型基础上,首先分析了MMC-HVDC直流侧线路单极接地、断线和两极短路的故障特性及其对系统运行的影响;然后针对半桥型子模块结构不能够双向阻断故障电流的问题,对子模块拓扑进行了重新设计,通过改变流经子模块电流方向,实现了桥臂电容双向充电,从而提供了续流二极管阻断电压;最后对直流侧两极短路故障进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,改进拓扑有效地抑制了直流侧故障电流,避免了交流断路器动作。     

DC-link电容器在线状态监测方法综述

直流支撑(DC-link)电容器是电力电子变换器的关键器件之一,它的可靠性会影响整个系统的可靠性。状态监测是估计电容器健康状态的一种有效手段,综合分析了电容器的健康状态参数和性能状态参数,针对近年来电容器的在线状态监测研究进行分类,将其分为了传感器法、注入法、电路模型法和智能监测法;介绍每种方法的原理和手段,对比分析各种方法的优缺点,其次,针对研究成果的监测对象和监测参数进行数据统计分析;最后提出电容器状态监测的后续研究方向。     

多相H桥逆变器支撑电容电流计算

直流支撑电容电流计算是变频器设计的一个关键步骤,现有方法多是针对传统的三相变频器展开,鲜有关于多相变频器的相关计算研究。针对直流侧并联型多相H桥逆变电路拓扑和SPWM的调制方式,采用开关函数法对其直流支撑电容电流有效值进行了分析计算,并给出该种电路拓扑下适用于任意有限相逆变器的直流支撑电容电流有效值计算公式,分析了逆变器相数、调制比和功率因素对电容电流有效值的影响。仿真与实验证明,该计算方法准确性较高,使用所提出的公式可以有效地实现多相H桥逆变器直流支撑电容电流计算。     

两级单相光伏并网逆变器母线电压控制策略

传统的两级光伏并网逆变器常常采用在直流母线处并联大容量的电解电容作为前后两级的功率解耦方法,电解电容具有体积大、寿命短等缺点,成为制约逆变器寿命和可靠性的关键性因素。该文提出一种应用于两级单相光伏并网逆变器直流母线电压控制方法。所提出的控制方法基于光伏板输出能量、直流母线电容存储能量和逆变器交流输出能量守恒分析,在该分析的基础上得到一个快速的直流母线电压控制器,快速的响应意味着可以采用更小的直流母线电容,从而降低逆变器系统的体积和成本。基于Matlab/Simulink下的系统模型的仿真验证了所提出控制方法的可行性与有效性。     

基于舒茨—基布逊法的双馈风机直流侧电压抑制

针对双馈风机故障期间直流侧母线过压的问题,提出一种利用舒茨—基布逊法抑制直流电压的控制方法。首先,建立双馈感应发电机网侧变流器模型,利用小信号法探究了直流侧电压不稳定的机理。在建立网侧变流器状态空间模型的基础上,利用舒茨—基布逊法构建李雅普诺夫函数,得到了基于李雅普诺夫稳定判据的网侧变流器非线性状态反馈器。仿真结果表明所提方法可在电网电压故障期间抑制直流侧电压的振荡,提高双馈风机的故障穿越能力。     

十二相H桥变频器直流支撑电容分析研究

直流支撑电容的设计是变频器设计的一个重要方面,重点进行了十二相H桥变频器的直流支撑电容研究,在分析单相H桥直流支撑电容的基础上,提出了一种新方法来求取十二相H桥支撑电容纹波电流有效值的解析表达式及其谐波频谱。最后通过Matlab仿真和实验验证了该方法的有效性。