聚乳酸机织物导湿性测试

通过芯吸法、表面液滴法和保水率法对几种规格的聚乳酸／棉织物和纯棉、棉／涤织物作导湿性的对比测试,结果表明：聚乳酸纤维为疏水性材料,但其导湿性能明显优于同规格的棉、棉／涤织物。     

织物导湿排汗性能自动测试方法

针对目前常规织物导湿排汗性能测试仪器自动化程度不高,测试精度低等问题,依据织物干燥与润湿状态下电阻值的显著变化设计了一套高精度、全自动织物导湿排汗测试装置。借助自制仪器对11块Coolmax涤纶针织物的导湿排汗性能进行了测试,并分别将毛细效应法及质量称量法结果与自动测试装置测试结果进行对比。结果表明：织物导湿排汗测试装置测试重复性和再现性好,可完成液滴在织物内部扩散及蒸发情况测试;织物多方向芯吸指标优于纵横2方向芯吸指标,织物干燥时间测试结果较传统质量称量法测试结果准确;液滴在织物不同方向上芯吸速率和干燥时间的最大极差率数值较大,织物各方向芯吸性能和干燥性能差异明显。     

织物导湿理论与测试方法的研究

通过综合考虑影响织物导湿性的主要因素,如织物的厚度、孔隙率、容水量和克重等,运用芯吸速率法、织物表面滴液法和垂直吸水法优化了大豆纤维和蚕丝织物的实验数据处理方法,提出了织物导湿性的综合评定方法.     

织物导湿性能的试验研究

探讨织物经纬密、织物组织等对其导湿性能的影响。设计了10种织物,包括9种不同经纬密和织物组织的棉织物和1种Coolmax斜纹织物,介绍了每种织物的规格;采用条带芯吸法测试了各试样的经纬向芯吸高度,并进行了分析;同时,测试了试样5不同测试宽度的芯吸高度;计算对比了经密均为200根/10cm的不同织物的透湿率。结果表明:棉织物导湿性随着经密的增大变化规律不明显,且经纬密差值也影响其导湿性;3种基础组织的织物导湿性不同,其中斜纹织物导湿性最好,缎纹次之,平纹最差。认为:Coolmax织物的导湿性明显高于棉织物。     

织物导湿性能的测试分析

选用不同纤维材料的机织物、针织物,在不同测试条件下进行导湿性能测试,发现试样宽度、液体温度对芯吸上升高度有不同程度的影响,不同方向织物的导湿速率不同,具有方向性,不同纤维材料的导湿能力存在较大区别,开发导湿、快干织物不仅要考虑纤维性质,而且要合理选用织物结构.     

织物导湿性能测试方法与测试仪器

主要介绍了织物导湿性能的测试方法和测试仪器.目前常用的织物导湿性能的测试方法有四类:条带芯吸法、滴液法、称重法和保水率法.这四种测试方法各有优缺点,适宜测试不同类别的织物的导湿性能.织物导湿性能测试仪器主要有电响应原理自动检测法,有色液体测试法,超声波定位法,CCD测定法,电阻测定法等.同时还对织物导湿性能测试仪器的发展作了一个展望,希望对今后科研和生产有所帮助.     

柔软剂整理对涤／棉针织物导湿性能的影响

改变柔软剂用量和处理温度等工艺条件对65／35涤／棉针织物进行柔软整理，采用垂直法和液滴法探讨柔软整理前后织物导湿性能变化情况。结果表明：经过柔软整理后，织物的线密度、织物密度、厚度及面积质量有一定变化，织物的导湿性随着柔软剂用量的增加以及处理温度的升高而有所改善，表现为芯吸高度增加，织物完全渗透所需时间缩短。     

织物动态导湿仪器的设计与应用

利用数字图像技术和计算机图像处理技术,设计了一种可以即时测试织物表面导湿性能的新型自动装置。通过测定3种织物36 s的导湿面积变化,可以得到不同织物表面各向导湿性能差异,同时也可得到液滴随时间变化在织物表面扩散的曲线,进而可以分析得出织物的导湿动力学特性。结果显示,含有亲水纤维的织物导湿面积增加先快后慢,疏水性纤维织物导湿面积增加速率基本不变;仪器测量精确,为织物导湿性能研究提供了一个新方法。     

大豆纤维机织物的导湿透气性能研究

采用透湿杯法、垂直芯吸法、滴水法 3种方法测试大豆 毛、涤 毛、纯毛织物的透气量、湿阻、芯吸速率、润湿面积等指标。并应用灰色理论建立织物透气过程的GM( 1,1)模型 ,预测了 3种织物的透气性以及在静态条件下的透湿性能。并验证了大豆纤维织物有较好的透气性能。     

成纱结构对短纤纱及其织物导湿性能的影响

探讨不同成纱结构对短纤纱及其织物导湿性能的影响。以涤纶为原料,分别纺制28 tex的环锭纱、转杯纱和涡流纱。测试了三种纱的成纱结构及基本性能。采用毛细芯吸法和水滴扩散面积对比方法,分别对三种纱及其织物的导湿性能进行表征。结果表明:织物芯吸高度与水滴扩散面积趋势一致,而纱线芯吸高度与相应织物芯吸高度和水滴扩散面积测试结果的趋势并不相同。认为:虽然涡流纱的芯吸高度较小,但其表面较少的毛羽对于提升织物导湿性有显著影响。     

Thermophysiological comfort properties of selected knitted fabrics and design of T-shirts

Thermal comfort is one of the most important components of comfort which shows physiological, psychological, and physical harmony between human body and environment. The heat and moisture transfer capacity of fabric from skin to environment affects the thermal comfort of garments. The transfer capacity depends on the characteristic features of raw materials and fabric structural properties. In this study, it is aimed to determine the advantages of knitted fabric types, taking into account the environmental condition and activity level by measuring the thermal comfort properties such as air permeability, wicking, moisture management, thermal and water vapor resistances. Two knitted structures composed of tuck and float combinations and six raw materials were chosen for the fabrics produced. According to the measurement results, the polyester and cotton/Coolmax fabrics with float stitches have had good liquid moisture transport properties. Besides, high air permeability and low water vapor resistance have been obtained in viscose and Tencel LF fabrics with tuck stitches. On the basis of the results obtained in this investigation, and taking into consideration thermal behavior of human body, four women’s and five men’s T-shirts are designed. These T-shirt designs may be helpful for further approaches on the optimization of thermal comfort for sports activities in hot environment.     

The effect of different knitted fabrics’ structures on the moisture transport properties

In this study, fabrics with different plain, tuck and float stitch combinations in three different tightness levels as tight, medium and loose are produced from combed ring spun cotton yarn. It is aimed at determining the effect of fabric structure on liquid absorption, transport and permeability properties, which are important factors in the people’s perception of wear comfort. The air permeability, wicking ability and moisture management measurements of the produced fabrics are made. It is determined that the increase in the fabric tightness decreases the air permeability and increases the wicking ability especially in 60?min measurements. The fabric tightness has also different effects on different knitting types in terms of moisture management properties. It is observed that structures with float stitches show high wicking ability and moisture management properties in terms of plain, tuck and float stitches combinations.     

Investigation on thermo-physiological and compression characteristics of weft-knitted 3D spacer fabrics

The thermo-physiological comfort and compression properties of knitted spacer fabrics have been evaluated by varying the different spacer fabric parameters. Air permeability and water vapor transmission of the fabrics were measured using the Textest FX-3300 air permeability tester and PERMETEST. Thermal behavior of fabrics was evaluated by (TCi) thermal conductivity analyzer and overall moisture management capacity was evaluated by moisture management tester. Spacer fabrics compression properties were also tested using KES-FB3. In the KES testing, the compression resilience, work of compression, linearity of compression, and other parameters were calculated from the pressure–thickness curves. Analysis of variance was performed using new statistical software named QC expert trylobite and Darwin in order to compare the influence of different fabric parameters on thermo-physiological and compression behavior of samples. This study established that the raw materials, type of spacer yarn, density, thickness, and tightness of surface layer have significant influence on both thermal conductivity and work of compression in spacer fabrics. The parameter which mainly influences the water vapor permeability of these fabrics is the property of raw material i.e. the wetting and wicking properties of fibers. The Pearson correlation between moisture capacity of the fabrics and water vapor permeability was found.     

Effect of Pique and Honeycomb Structures on Moisture Management Properties of Eri Silk Knitted Fabrics

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to investigate the moisture management and wicking properties of eri knitted fabrics. In this study, two different knit structures, namely, single pique and honeycomb fabric, were developed with the combinations of two different tightness values of slack and tight by using 2/80s Nm and 2/140s Nm eri silk yarns. The developed fabrics were analyzed for vertical wicking, moisture management properties such as wetting time, spreading speed, absorption rate, maximum wetting radius, accumulative one-way transport index (AOTI), and overall moisture management capacity (OMMC). Variables such as yarn linear density, tightness, and knitting structure have a significant influence on the wicking and moisture management properties. The overall OMMC indices of eri silk knitted fabric lie in the ‘very good’ to ‘excellent’ category, indicating the suitability of eri silk yarn for skin fit as well as active wear applications.     

改性聚丙烯酸类纤维吸湿发热机织物的开发

为研究吸湿发热保暖机织物的热湿舒适性,开发了6种不同结构的改性聚丙烯酸类纤维吸湿发热机织物。通过热湿舒适相关性能测试与分析,得出不同机织物结构参数对透气性、热阻、芯吸高度、液态水分管理以及吸湿发热性能的影响规律,为设计出兼具吸湿发热和导湿排汗性能的热湿舒适机织物提供参考。经测试发现:蜂巢组织能明显改善织物的保暖性和透气性,且织物由内层向外层形成回潮率递增的梯度结构,对水分管理和提高单向导湿性能有积极作用,三层蜂巢组织在提升织物吸湿发热性能上具有一定潜力。     

改性聚丙烯酸类纤维吸湿发热机织物的开发

为研究吸湿发热保暖机织物的热湿舒适性,开发了6种不同结构的改性聚丙烯酸类纤维吸湿发热机织物。通过热湿舒适相关性能测试与分析,得出不同机织物结构参数对透气性、热阻、芯吸高度、液态水分管理以及吸湿发热性能的影响规律,为设计出兼具吸湿发热和导湿排汗性能的热湿舒适机织物提供参考。经测试发现:蜂巢组织能明显改善织物的保暖性和透气性,且织物由内层向外层形成回潮率递增的梯度结构,对水分管理和提高单向导湿性能有积极作用,三层蜂巢组织在提升织物吸湿发热性能上具有一定潜力。     

Study of wicking behavior of water on woven fabric using magnetic induction technique

An apparatus for measuring the wicking rise of water in fabrics has been developed and several types of fabrics were examined. The method is based on the electromagnetic field induction due to wicking penetration of water into capillary spaces of fabric samples. The measuring system is coupled with a personal computer, and the distance of water rise as a function of time is determined. Plain woven fabric samples with different weft yarn counts, density, and type of fiber in blend yarn were examined. The results obtained by wicking measurement were compared with water vapor permeability index data and the test method for wettability of textile fabrics on the same samples. The average wicking rise of water decreases with the increase of weft yarn density. The wicking of water along the cotton–polyester blend weft yarn is higher than 100% cotton weft yarn samples. The relation of water vapor permeability (WVP) index and the test method for wettability of the same fabric samples show the same behavior as the wicking rise. The equivalent geometric factor neglecting the Earth’s gravitational field is calculated by the average slope L ²/t from the experimental data of wicking of water into the samples. The radii of open channels in the woven fabric sample tends to decrease as a result of increasing weft yarn density.     

Moisture management of underwear fabrics and linings of firefighter protective clothing assemblies

Thermal comfort of firefighters is strongly dependent on moisture management of clothing layers closest to the skin. This study centers on liquid moisture and moisture vapor transfer across various types of underwear fabrics and innermost layers of the firefighter intervention jacket (linings). Importance of the underwear neighboring layer in liquid moisture and moisture vapor transfer and hence, in thermal comfort of a firefighter is underlined and discussed. Moisture management tester is employed as an efficient tool in evaluating a transfer of liquid moisture not only through individual underwear fabric but also through bi-layers underwear lining. Moisture vapor transfer properties of mono- and bi-layer fabrics were investigated by evaporative dish method. The results show that moisture management performances of tested mono- and bi-layer fabrics are related to their composition and the general physical properties. Composition of both underwear and lining has a crucial impact on liquid moisture transfer through bi-layers. Transfer of moisture vapor is mainly governed by fabric physical properties. Combination of natural and synthetic fibers results in best performing fabrics with regard to the moisture management.     

羊毛与37.5涤纶混纺针织物的热湿舒适性研究

选择8种不同的羊毛与普通涤纶、37.5涤纶混纺针织物试样,测试试样的密度、面密度、未充满系数和厚度等基本参数,以及回潮率、透气率、芯吸高度、瞬间接触凉感(Q-max)及恒定加热条件下的干、湿态升温性能等织物的热湿舒适性能,分析和评价了针织物的基本参数对其热湿舒适性能的影响。试验结果显示,与普通涤纶相比,采用37.5涤纶有助于提高织物的回潮率、芯吸高度和Q-max;透气率随针织物未充满系数的增大而增大;当织物的纤维组成成分基本一致,组织结构相同时,针织物的面密度越大,透气性越差;含37.5涤纶的纬平针织物的瞬间接触凉感性能较好。     

吸湿排汗整理剂在改善织物湿传递性能中的应用

采用吸湿排汗柔软整理剂XY - WST对涤/粘、纯粘胶、涤/棉织物进行处理,分别采用垂直芯吸法和透湿杯法对不同整理工艺条件下织物的湿传递性进行测试.结果表明:织物的芯吸高度及透湿量的变化随着整理剂用量的增加而增加,但用量过多会使织物厚度相应增加,阻碍液体在织物中的传递.研究表明,吸湿排汗整理剂用量以10 ～15 mL为宜,对织物的湿传递性能的改善最为明显.