基于定位信息的无线传感器网络IPv6地址配置方案*

提出了一种利用传感器节点定位信息实现无线传感器网络IPv6地址配置的方案.此方案根据定位信息将无线传感器网络划分为多个簇,簇首节点采用无状态策略为簇内节点分配IPv6地址.分析了此方案与Strong DAD及MANETConf的重复地址检测开销、地址配置总开销及地址配置总延迟时间等性能参数,分析结果验证了此方案的性能优于Strong DAD及MANETConf.     

Location-Based IPv6 Address Configuration for Vehicular Networks

Due to long latency and considerable packet loss, stateful and stateless address configuration standards cannot efficiently work in vehicular networks, so this paper proposes an IPv6 address configuration scheme for vehicular networks based on location information. This scheme combines a stateless address configuration mechanism with a stateful one. In the stateless algorithm, duplicate address detection is performed within a road domain instead of a network. A random ID is introduced to reduce the address conflict rate, so the address configuration cost and delay are reduced. In the stateful algorithm, a vehicle acquires a unique address from a neighbor vehicle without recording the address allocation states, so the address configuration task is distributed around all vehicles and the distributed address configuration is achieved. This paper evaluates the performance of this scheme, and the data results show that this scheme reduces the addressing costs and delays.     

6LoWPAN网络组播通信方案的研究与设计

随着无线传感器网络(WSN)对新应用的需求不断增加,基于IEEE 802.15.4实现IPv6通信的低速无线个人局域网标准6LoWPAN是将WSN接入Internet实现全IP通信的理想解决方案.在此提出了一种基于6LoWPAN网络的组播通信方案,通过自组建M AC地址的方式,对现有的6LoWPAN网络增加了对组播通信...     

An IPv6 address configuration scheme for wireless sensor networks

The paper proposes an IPv6 address configuration scheme for wireless sensor networks. The paper creates an IPv6 address structure for sensor nodes, and based on the proposed IPv6 address structure, the paper proposes an IPv6 address auto-configuration scheme. In the scheme, the transmission scope of the control packets is controlled within one-hop scope and the scheme neither records the address allocation status nor performs the duplicate address detection, so the address configuration cost is reduced and the address configuration delay is shortened. In addition, based on the proposed IPv6 address structure, the paper proposes the address recovery algorithm. From the perspectives of the address configuration cost and address configuration delay, the paper analyzes and compares the performance parameters of the proposed scheme and the existing schemes, including MANETConf, Strong DAD, LISAA and IAC. The analytical and simulative results show that the performance of the proposed scheme is better.     

6LoWPAN无线传感器网络地址配置方案?

提出一种6LoWPAN无线传感器网络IPv6地址自动配置方案。将节点申请地址控制信息的传输范围控制在一跳范围内,无需记录地址分配状态与进行地址重复检测,以降低地址配置功耗,缩短地址配置时间。基于IPv6地址结构,给出节点失效时的地址回收算法。该方案从地址配置代价及地址配置延迟时间等方面与MANETConf方案、Strong DAD方案及LISAA方案的性能参数进行比较分析,结果验证了该方案的可行性和高效性。     

WSN中MAC层编址技术分析与比较

当前无线传感器网络的MAC层编址技术利用哈夫曼编码的方案缩短了平均地址长度,但需要几轮协商过程。基于网络分簇结构的方案结构清晰,但地址分配不公。基于地理位置信息的方案有助路由,但高精度的位置信息难以获得。针对上述问题,在分析无线环境下地址复用原理的基础上,给出几种典型方案,比较其性能差异和适用范围,给出动态编址需要解决的问题。     

基于任务组合的无线传感器网络MAC协议框架

基于无线传感器网络WSN(Wireless Sensor Network)语义互连思想,讨论了面向应用的WSN任务组合的基本概念、任务关系及任务组合递归算法。将任务组合方法与现行WSN一般性MAC技术相结合,提出了基于任务组合的通用的WSNMAC框架。将该框架应用于具有代表性的WSN MAC中,具体分析了IEEE 802.11MAC和S-MAC在该框架中的实现方式。网络仿真结果显示,基于语义互连采用任务组合方式的MAC协议框架,能有效地改进一般MAC的能耗特性及时延特性,尤其是对于多信息采集的WSN。     

Enhancing WLAN location privacy using mobile behavior

Recently wireless network is massively used in the daily life, but user’s location privacy can be threatened. In a wireless local area network (WLAN), an adversary can track a user through his/her unchanged MAC address. Many correlation researches have been proposed to combat this issue, but they have not included mobile behavior of neighboring nodes as a key factor; therefore, their solutions may miss the opportune moment to update MAC address to improve the user’s location privacy. In other words, the existing schemes in the opportune moment to update MAC address may not be the best one. Furthermore, they will have many unnecessary MAC addresses to be updated; it then causes the network throughput being reduced. In this paper, we are going to enhance user’s location privacy with the relative positioning scheme. We analyze the mobile behavior of neighboring nodes to decide which mobile nodes are going to update their MAC addresses. The experiment results show that our scheme can decrease the time of changing MAC address, and also to enhance the user’s location privacy, although the network throughput is a little decrease.     

All-IP communication between wireless sensor networks and IPv6 networks based on location information

The paper proposes a scheme on achieving all-IP communication between wireless sensor networks and IPv6 networks based on sensor nodes' location information. The paper proposes the sensor node's IPv6 address structure based on location information, the IPv6-address configuration algorithm based on the proposed IPv6 address structure, the mobility handoff algorithm and the routing algorithm in the link layer. The location information of sensor nodes is utilized to achieve the IPv6-address configuration algorithm and the routing algorithm. In the mobility handoff algorithm, neither does a mobile sensor node need a care-of address during the mobility process, nor is involved in the mobility handoff process. Therefore, a mobile sensor node's power consumption is reduced and the life span is prolonged. The paper analyzes the performances of the proposed scheme and the existing schemes, and the analytical data show that the performance of the proposed scheme is better.     

可靠广播/组播的确认冗余度消除算法

为了提高无线传感器网络中可靠广播/组播MAC协议的效率,提出一种基于地理位置信息的确认冗余度消除算法。该算法利用节点的地理位置信息,建立广播/组播分组的最小等价冲突域,消除接收节点集合中对确认而言非必要的冗余节点。仿真结果表明,该算法能在保证可靠性的前提下有效减少参与确认的节点个数,降低分组的发送开销,更高效地保证分组传输质量。     

高效快速的太赫兹无线个域网双信道MAC协议

针对现有的太赫兹无线个域网络中太赫兹辅助波束赋形媒体访问控制（MAC）协议（TAB-MAC）存在数据传输时延较大以及信道利用率低问题,提出了一种高效快速的太赫兹无线个域网双信道MAC协议（EF-MAC）。通过目的节点向源节点发送测试帧机制来减少一个确认帧,从而减少控制开销和测试时延;采用自适应取消节点位置信息的收发机制,源或目的节点通过之前的请求发送帧/允许发送帧（RTS/CTS）帧交互过程已获得对方节点的位置信息且对方节点的位置没有发生改变,可以省去RTS或CTS中的位置信息,减少控制开销。理论分析与仿真结果表明,与TAB-MAC协议相比,所提协议能够有效减小数据传输时延,提高网络吞吐量。     

一种6LoWPAN无线传感器网络移动协议

提出了一种6LoWPAN无线传感器网络移动协议。此协议提出了6LoWPAN网络体系结构,以及6LoWPAN网络地址分层结构及地址配置算法。基于提出的6LoWPAN网络体系结构,提出了6LoWPAN网络内与网络之间的移动切换协议。在移动过程中,移动节点无须转交地址,即移动切换过程无须为移动节点配置转交地址,也无须进行转交地址注册,因此降低了移动切换代价和延迟。从理论和仿真两个角度对MIPv6、Inter-MARIO及本协议的移动切换代价、移动切换延迟、丢包率等性能参数进行了分析比较,分析结果表明本协议的移动切换代价更小、移动切换延迟更短、丢包率更低。     

一种无线传感器网络节点的故障检测算法

在无线传感器网络(WSN)中,容易因为故障节点存在冗余的故障属性、噪声数据以及数据可靠性等问题,从而产生传输错误数据,这将极大地消耗WSN节点中能量和带宽,向用户形成错误的决策。为此,提出了基于蚁群算法和BP神经网络模型的WSN节点故障检测方法。通过使用蚁群算法,使用户通过寻找优化路径来定位WSN节点的位置,通过这种随机搜索算法以及蚁群算法的搜索策略使用户对WSN故障节点的位置进行总体把握。然后又基于BP神经网络模型对获取的WSN故障节点信息进一步学习,在数据训练过程中,依据WSN故障节点预测误差,并进一步调整网络的权值和阈值,增加了故障诊断的精度。采用的算法对检测WSN故障节点具有较好的性能,使无线传感器网络的服务质量大大提高,增强了系统的稳定性,实验结果验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

Energy and delay optimized contention for wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor network (WSN) studies, the main objective is minimizing the energy consumption so that the lifetime is maximized under the limited battery capacity constraints. Additionally, in most event-driven WSN applications, the end-to-end delay, and hence, the medium access delay should be minimized. Majority of the WSN MAC protocols are contention-based wherein contention window size setting involves an important trade-off between the collision probability and idle listening durations in contentions where both are aimed to be lowered for efficient network operation. In this paper, the energy optimizing and the delay optimizing contention window sizes are derived as a function of the number of contending nodes. For this purpose, we present separate analyses for the contention delay and for the energy consumed which are verified with detailed simulations. In order to obtain close to optimal performance values in a distributed manner, we propose a method for estimating the number of contending nodes since the individual wireless sensor nodes do not have this information readily. Simulations of an event-driven WSN application verify that the proposed method successfully improve both delay and energy efficiency of the contention-based medium access. The end-to-end network performance is also investigated by employing a geographical routing protocol. Results show that using the heuristic method proposed that use the optimum contention window size analyses presented, the overall network performance can be improved without incurring any overhead to the system.     

TuLP: A Family of Lightweight Message Authentication Codes for Body Sensor Networks简

A wireless sensor network （WSN） commonly whilst a body sensor network （BSN） must be secured with requires lower level security for public information gathering, strong authenticity to protect personal health information. In this paper, some practical problems with the message authentication codes （MACs）, which were proposed in the popular security architectures for WSNs, are reconsidered. The analysis shows that the recommended MACs for WSNs, e.g., CBC- MAC （TinySec）, OCB-MAC （MiniSec）, and XCBC-MAC （SenSee）, might not be exactly suitable for BSNs. Particularly an existential forgery attack is elaborated on XCBC-MAC. Considering the hardware limitations of BSNs, we propose a new family of tunable lightweight MAC based on the PRESENT block cipher. The first scheme, which is named TukP, is a new lightweight MAC with 64-bit output range. The second scheme, which is named TuLP-128, is a 128-bit variant which provides a higher resistance against internal collisions. Compared with the existing schemes, our lightweight MACs are both time and resource efficient on hardware-constrained devices.     

能量有效的无线传感器网络MAC协议

针对无线传感器网络中的隐终端和延迟问题,提出一种基于功率控制机制的改进MAC协议。节点在SMAC协议的基础上通过功率控制算法在每个节点所保存的功率等级表中动态地选择合适的功率值作为其发射功率,从而避免了隐终端和延迟问题。仿真结果表明,与SMAC协议相比,改进协议能提高网络的吞吐量,降低源节点到目的节点的端到端延迟。     

浅析WSN的网络安全管理机制

多数WSN的应用都是以节点位置信息为基础,其所监测的事件与节点的物理位置信息存在着密切的联系,若无位置信息,监测数据也就无意义,而节点的位置信息又与网络安全息息相关,因此,WSN的网络安全管理至关重要。本文简单阐述了WSN的特征与应用,分析了WSN的网络安全特征与需求,并探讨了WSN的密钥管理与安全定位两种网络安全管理机制。     

基于多密钥空间的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

提出了一种基于多密钥空间密钥对预分布模型的无线传感器网络(WSN)密钥管理方案。该方案结合q-composite随机密钥预分布模型,并且通过引入地理位置信息,有效提高了节点之间安全连通的概率。分析表明,该方案在不增加存储空间的情况下,提高了邻居节点拥有相同密钥空间的概率,并且与多密钥空间密钥对预分布方案相比,可大幅提高被俘节点的阈值,增强了网络安全性,能够较好地适应无线传感器网络的网络环境和安全要求。     

Determining node duty cycle using Q-learning and linear regression for WSN

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is effective for monitoring the target environment,which consists of a large number of sensor nodes of limited energy.An efficient medium access control(MAC)protocol is thus imperative to maximize the energy efficiency and performance of WSN.The most existing MAC protocols are based on the scheduling of sleep and active period of the nodes,and do not consider the relationship between the load condition and performance.In this paper a novel scheme is proposed to properly determine the duty cycle of the WSN nodes according to the load,which employs the Q-leaming technique and function approximation with linear regression.This allows low-latency energy-efficient scheduling for a wide range of traffic conditions,and effectively overcomes the limitation of Q-learning with the problem of continuous state-action space.NS3 simulation reveals that the proposed scheme significantly improves the throughput,latency,and energy efficiency compared to the existing fully active scheme and S-MAC.     

无线传感器网络与IPv6网络的互联通信

设计无线传感器网络（WSN）与IPv6网络无缝互联的通信模型,给出一种传感器地址自动配置算法,实现传感器节点的自动路由寻址。提出一种适用于WSN的IPv6协议裁剪方案,以节省传感器节点的功耗。在实验平台以及仿真环境中实现了该模型,并对其性能进行分析,实验结果证明了该模型的有效性和正确性。