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反演法求小麦面团在冻结温度范围内的热导率 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为确定小麦面团在冻结温度范围内的热导率,采用差式量热扫描法测量了3个不同水分含量面团的比热,然后利用COMSOL软件反演求出面团在-30~30℃范围内的热导率。结果表明,面团热导率随水分含量增大(38%~44%)而逐渐升高;且随着温度的降低,面团的热导率逐渐降低,但是当面团的温度降至冰点后,面团的热导率急剧上升,然后又呈缓慢上升趋势。通过对面团热导率与水分含量关系的进一步分析,建立了速冻温度范围内面团热导率随温度和水分含量变化的数学模型。 相似文献
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为研究醒面对冷冻面团品质的影响,本文研究了醒面过程中(0、30、60、90、120 min),面团水分分布的变化规律以及面团冷冻后冰晶分布、微观结构和蠕变恢复特性的变化。结果表明:随着醒面时间的延长,面团中可冻结水含量降低了0.96%;微观结构的结果表明,面团在冻结过程中形成的冰晶空隙和数量逐渐减小,冰晶分布越来越均匀;随着醒面时间从0 min延长至120 min,冷冻面团的平均空隙面积从22.65减小到11.80,空隙数目从10627.00减少到3346.00;随着醒面时间的延长,在蠕变阶段,冷冻面团的最大蠕变柔量Jmax显著增加(
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将刺槐豆胶(Locust bean gum,LBG)加入冷冻面团中,利用核磁共振测定冷冻面团的水分分布及状态,扫描电镜测定面团的微观网络结构,扫描仪及质构仪对面包的纹理结构和质构特性进行分析,研究持水性强的刺槐豆胶对冷冻面团水分分布状态的改善作用,探讨面团微观网络结构,纹理及质构特性与水分分布的关系。结果显示:随着冷冻面团冻藏周数的增加,对照组面团中深层次结合水占比由17.40%下降至14.40%,自由水占比上升了3.40%,面筋蛋白包裹淀粉颗粒能力逐渐下降,淀粉颗粒的排布逐渐混乱,面团的发酵速度逐渐缓慢,冷冻面团烘烤面包的纹理结构不再均一有序,硬度增大,弹性下降。加入LBG后,深层次结合水占比由17.20%下降至15.40%,自由水占比上升了2.70%,面筋蛋白网络结构及其烘烤面包劣变幅度减小,说明LBG有效的延缓了面团中深层次结合水的转化,改变了冷冻面团的储藏特性。 相似文献
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为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、挥发性风味物质的变化进行分析。结果表明,添加麦芽糖醇后,冷冻面团解冻损失率显著降低;水分流动性显示,S50-M50、S25-M75处理组的冷冻面团结合水含量较高,水分流动性较低;熔融特性表明,S25-M75具有最低的热焓值ΔH和可冻结水含量(Fw);频率扫描显示,S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75处理组提高了面团的黏弹性。冷冻面团蒸制后,糖醇处理的馒头自由水含量下降;S50-M50、S25-M75处理组呈现较稳定的色泽品质;S75-M25、S0-M100处理组的硬度、咀嚼性显著增加;GC-MS结果显示,5种处理组共测出14个香气成分,利用投影变量重要性因子(variable importance in projection, VIP)从所有处理组中筛选出27个差异香气物质对馒头... 相似文献
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研究了不同冻藏时间(0 d、10 d、20 d、30 d)对面团中可冻结水含量(FW)、水分分布及存在状态、热力学特性和质构特性的影响,并通过主成分分析和相关性分析探究它们之间的相关性.结果表明:随着冻藏时间的延长,面团的水分物态发生了显著改变,FW、强结合水含量(A21)和自由水含量(A23)增加,弱结合水(T22)... 相似文献
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冷冻面团技术广泛运用于面制品的工业化生产中,然而冷冻面团技术在应用过程中仍然会存在缺陷,导致冷冻面团以及最终成品品质的劣变。在本研究中,利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析了面团冷冻过程中热特性的变化,研究了不同冷冻温度和冷冻中心温度对面条冷冻面团与最终面条品质的影响,从而确定最佳的冷冻温度和冷冻中心温度。结果表明,相较于-20℃,-30与-40℃的冷冻速率分别为-0.44、-0.51℃·min-1,冷冻速率较快,中心温度降至-18℃耗时较短,通过最大冰晶生成带的时间最短,形成的冰晶体积较小较为均匀。面团的可冻结水含量与面条的蒸煮损失率在-30℃时降至最低,-30与-40℃的冻结条件下,吸水率与感官得分并未出现显著性差异(P>0.05),面条的剪切力、硬度、弹性、咀嚼性随着冷冻温度的降低在-30℃达到最大值,而粘附性无显著性差异(P>0.05),在-18℃的冷冻中心温度下,面条冷冻面团的可冻结水含量最少,冷冻面团面条的蒸煮损失率、吸水率最低、质构特性最好,感官得分最高。本研究为工业上提高面条冷冻面团品质提供参考。 相似文献
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面团在冷冻过程中面筋结构以及酵母活力会被破坏,导致解冻之后发酵能力、馒头品质下降。该研究在冷冻面团中加入不同比例的大米多肽,测量其对冷冻面团发酵力、馒头质构、水分迁移以及比容这4个指标随冻融时间增加发生的变化。结果表明,大米多肽的添加可以显著提高馒头的比容和冷冻面团的发酵力。冻融4 d时,添加大米多肽的效果显现出来,到第8天更为显著,与空白对照组馒头相比,添加质量分数4%与8%大米多肽的馒头比容分别增加了0. 26 m L/g和0. 11 m L/g;面团发酵4 h后,体积分别增大了21. 07%和29. 32%。添加4%的大米多肽能够有效延缓冷冻馒头硬度、弹性、咀嚼性的下降以及黏聚性的上升。这些结果表明,冷冻面团中添加适量的大米多肽能抑制冻藏过程中水分迁移,有效减弱冻藏对面筋网络和酵母活力的破坏,从而提高冷冻面团制品的质构特性。 相似文献
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Wheat Gluten and Glutenin Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity at Extruder Temperatures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thermal properties (thermal conductivity and diffusivity) of gluten and glutenin were measured in the temperature range 60-175°typically used in extrusion processing. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity of gluten decreased with increasing temperature and increased with increasing moisture content. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity of glutenin increased with temperature and moisture content. Thermal conductivity of gluten was 0.06-0.35 W/m-C and glutenin was 0.29-0.49 W/m-C for the temperature range 60-175°and moisture content range of 0-30%. 相似文献
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S. Janjai B.K. Bala N. Lamlert B. Mahayothee M. Haewsungcharern W. Muhlbauer 《International Journal of Food Properties》2013,16(3):471-478
The components of the longan fruit were modeled as sphere for seed, cylinder for seed stalk, and slab for seed coat, shell, and flesh. The moisture diffusivities were determined by minimizing the sum of square of derivations between the predicted and experimental values of moisture content of thin layer drying under controlled conditions of air temperature and relative humidity. Experimental data were obtained from thin layer drying of the components in the form of sphere for seed, cylinder for seed stalk and slab for seed coat, shell and flesh. Air temperatures of 50, 60, 70, and 80°C and relative humidity in the range of 1.5–13.33% were used. The mean diffusivity of flesh of longan fruit increased with temperature, but the diffusivities of shell, seed coat, seed, and seed stalk were independent of temperature. The moisture diffusivities of shell and seed coat were much lower than those of the other parts of the longan. 相似文献
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Shahin Rafiee Alireza Keyhani Ali Jafari 《International Journal of Food Properties》2013,16(1):223-232
Drying conditions can greatly affect the physical and mechanical properties of grains. The drying process must be controlled to reduce or minimize drying damage. In this paper the thin layer drying behavior of wheat (Tajan) in a convective dryer is experimentally investigated. The mathematical modeling by using thin layer kinetics drying models available in literature was performed. Drying experiments were conducted at inlet drying air temperatures of 35, 45, 50, 60 and 70°C and at a fixed drying air velocity of 0.3 m/s and initial moisture content of 0.26–0.27 (d.b.). The effects of drying air temperature on the model's parameters were predicted by a linear regression analysis. The constants and coefficients of this model were be explained in terms of drying air temperature. A correlation coefficient (r) of 0.99 was found for the multiple regression model of moisture content during the drying process using different temperature values. Values of the diffusion coefficients for the whole kernel ranged from 2.28 × 10?11 to 1.14 × 10?10 m2/s. 相似文献
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对添加硬脂酰乳酸钠(SSL)、甘油单硬脂酸酯(DMG)、聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯(polysorbate60)的面团流变学特性进行研究,结果显示,虽然基本脂肪酸组成相同,但3种乳化剂对面团形成时间、面团稳定性、面团弱化度、抗拉伸强度等基本性质的影响有很大差异.高质量分数的DMG对面团有弱化倾向,添加polysorbate60可以得到面团形成的时间最长和最好的面团稳定性;添加SSL和polysorbate60对面团抗拉伸强度有不同程度的提高,而且SSL在较长的面团混揉时间能起到最好作用.不同剂量的乳化剂对面团流变学性质的影响也不相同. 相似文献
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水分对冷冻小麦面团质构及面筋蛋白二级结构的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
应用质构分析仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测定小麦面团质构特性和微观结构(面筋蛋白二级结构),分析不同加水量对冷冻和未冷冻面团品质的影响。结果表明:加水量和冷冻对小麦面团的质构特性和面筋蛋白二级结构影响显著。随着加水量的增加,冷冻后小麦面团与未冷冻相比硬度增加、黏性升高、内聚性下降、弹性降低,而对面团的回复性影响很小。经冷冻后面团面筋蛋白的二级结构β-折叠和α-螺旋的相对含量增加,β-转角的相对含量降低,使面筋蛋白的网状结构趋于稳定。以上结果可以说明水分可能是影响冷冻面团品质的一个重要因素,也为进一步揭示加水量在小麦冷冻面团中的作用机理提供了重要的研究参考。 相似文献
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M.L. Stecchini E. Maltini E. Venir M. Del Torre L. Prospero 《Journal of food science》2002,67(6):2196-2201
ABSTRACT: This work studied the relationship between the freeze tolerance of a baker's yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) and the physical properties of the frozen wheat dough. The behavior of wheat dough, of the gluten phase, and of the liquid phase at sub-zero temperatures was examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and cryomicroscopy. The effect on yeast viability of dough water content, freezing and storage temperatures, and prefermentation before freezing was studied. Yeast viability was mostly affected by the freezing and storage temperatures, with temperatures below the glass transition temperature (Tg ) giving the highest survival ratios. At temperatures above Tg , viability after freezing treatment and during storage seemed to be governed by different mechanisms, encompassing osmotic and mobility factors. Those factors were also found to influence the freeze tolerance of growing yeast in the presence of ethanol. 相似文献
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Dielectric Properties of Beans at Different Temperatures and Moisture Content in the Microwave Range 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Richard Torrealba-Meléndez José Luis Olvera-Cervantes Alonso Corona-Chávez 《International Journal of Food Properties》2016,19(3):564-577
Dielectric properties of common Mexican beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were determined and analyzed at microwave frequencies (800–2500 MHz). The free-space transmission technique was employed for the measurements of three varieties (“Flor de mayo,” “Bayo,” and “Negro”) with different moisture content (8.8–12.3%, w.b.) at 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60°C. The dielectric constant and loss factor of beans decreased with increasing frequency for a fixed temperature, and increased with increasing temperature at a fixed frequency. The dielectric constant increased with increasing moisture content, while the loss factor remained nearly constant. With these results, disinfestation or quality control measurements can be proposed for beans using microwaves. 相似文献
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为了研究出一种适宜干燥枸杞的温度条件,设置枸杞热风干燥温度40、45、50、55、60 ℃五种不同的干燥温度与自然晾晒(温度范围30~35 ℃)对枸杞进行干燥实验,通过温度对干燥时间、复水比、色泽、褐变度及枸杞多糖、枸杞黄酮、类胡萝卜素等生物活性物质的影响,对其理化指标进行分析检测,应用变异系数法确定权重,筛选出一个最佳干燥的温度。结果表明:在五种不同干燥温度下的枸杞产品营养成分变化明显,温度对干燥时间(权重:0.317 0)、褐变度(权重:0.224 7)、复水比(权重:0.141 4)、黄酮(权重:0.100 1)和枸杞多糖(权重:0.065 2)这5个指标所影响较大,其中,对干燥时间影响最为显著,干燥温度综合评价结果为:45 ℃干燥(综合评价分:0.430 5)>40 ℃干燥(综合评价分:0.402 6)>自然干燥(综合评价分:0.140 7)>50 ℃干燥(综合评价分:0.011 2)>55 ℃干燥(综合评价分:-0.317 6)>60 ℃干燥(综合评价分:-0.668 2)。因此选用45 ℃作为最佳的干燥条件。 相似文献
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采用主成分和因子分析的方法对不同省份小麦粉的面团流变学特性进行了分析和评价,分析结果表明面团流变学指标间的相关性都比较大,90%的数据绝对值大于0.30,适宜用主成分分析法来研究变量之间的关系,采用因子分析进行综合评价。通过分析各成分的特征值和方差贡献率,前两个主成分的累计贡献率已达97.487%,第1、2主成分即能充分反映面团流变学的综合信息,从而体现出不同省份小麦粉的加工品质优劣,根据两个主成分的贡献率得出的主成分综合表达式计算得分,排序依次为河北、山西、河南、陕西、安徽、山东、江苏。 相似文献