Using a data-centric event-driven architecture approach in the integration of real-time systems at DTP2

Integration of heterogeneous and distributed systems is a challenging task, because they might be running on different platforms and written with different implementation languages by multiple organizations. Data-centricity and event-driven architecture (EDA) are concepts that help to implement versatile and well-scaling distributed systems.This paper focuses on the implementation of inter-subsystem communication in a prototype distributed remote handling control system developed at Divertor Test Platform 2 (DTP2). The control system consists of a variety of heterogeneous subsystems, including a client–server web application and hard real-time controllers. A standardized middleware solution (Data Distribution Services (DDS)) that supports a data-centric EDA approach is used to integrate the system.One of the greatest challenges in integrating a system with a data-centric EDA approach is in defining the global data space model. The selected middleware is currently only used for non-deterministic communication. For future application, we evaluated the performance of point-to-point communication with and without the presence of additional network load to ensure applicability to real-time systems. We found that, under certain limitations, the middleware can be used for soft real-time communication. Hard real-time use will require more validation with a more suitable environment.     

Improving concept design of divertor support system for FAST tokamak using TRIZ theory and AHP approach

The paper focuses on the application of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) to divertor Remote Handling (RH) issues in Fusion Advanced Studies Torus (FAST), a satellite tokamak acting as a test bed for the study and the development of innovative technologies oriented to ITER and DEMO programs. The objective of this study consists in generating concepts or solutions able to overcome design and technical weak points in the current maintenance procedure. Two different concepts are designed with the help of a parametric CAD software, CATIA V5, using a top-down modeling approach; kinematic simulations of the remote handling system are performed using Digital Mock-Up (DMU) capabilities of the software. The evaluation of the concepts is carried out involving a group of experts in a participative design approach using virtual reality, classifying the concepts with the help of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).     

Preliminary concept design of the divertor remote handling system for DEMO power plant

This paper is based on the remote maintenance system project (WPRM) for the demonstration fusion power reactor (DEMO). Following ITER, DEMO aims to confirm the capability of generating several hundred of MW of net electricity by 2050. The main objective of these activities is to develop an efficient and reliable remote handling (RH) system for replacing the divertor cassettes.This paper presents the preliminary results of the concept design of the divertor RH system. The proposed divertor mover is a hydraulic telescopic boom driven from the transportation cask through the maintenance tunnel of the reactor. The boom is divided in three sections of 4 m each, and it is driving an end-effector in order to perform the scheduled operations of maintenance inside the vacuum vessel.Two alternative design of the end effector to grip and manipulate the divertor cassette are also presented in this work. Both the concepts are hydraulically actuated, basing on the ITER previous studies. The divertor cassette end-effector consists of a lifting arm linked to the divertor mover, a tilting plate, a cantilever arm and a hook-plate.The main objective of this paper is to illustrate the feasibility of DEMO divertor remote maintenance operations.     

Design of the HL-2M power supply control system

The power supply control system is one of the most important local control systems of HL-2M tokamak. The power supply system of HL-2M is composed of four flywheel generator sets with total capacity of 600 MVA, all the magnetic field coil power supplies and high voltage power supplies of auxiliary heating system. The control system of power supply should make sure the large amount of on-site equipment and facilities to operate steadily and reliably.This paper presents the architecture of HL-2M control system and four kinds of established control networks. It describes how the power supply control system is built by using the established hardware structures and software agreements. Specially, it is focused on introducing an application of real-time technology based on the reflective shared memory and the fully digital compact solution for controlling the high power converters. Otherwise, a scheme which adopts PROFINET and Sequence of Events technology to carry out the intellect interlock control system is given.     

Physics of the conceptual design of the ITER plasma control system

The ITER plasma control system (PCS) will play a central role in enabling the experimental program to attempt to sustain DT plasmas with Q = 10 for several hundred seconds and also support research toward the development of steady-state operation in ITER. The PCS is now in the final phase of its conceptual design. The PCS relies on about 45 diagnostic systems to assess real-time plasma conditions and about 20 actuator systems for overall control of ITER plasmas. It will integrate algorithms required for active control of a wide range of plasma parameters with sophisticated event forecasting and handling functions, which will enable appropriate transitions to be implemented, in real-time, in response to plasma evolution or actuator constraints.In specifying the PCS conceptual design, it is essential to define requirements related to all phases of plasma operation, ranging from early (non-active) H/He plasmas through high fusion gain inductive plasmas to fully non-inductive steady-state operation, to ensure that the PCS control functionality and architecture will be capable of satisfying the demands of the ITER research plan. The scope of the control functionality required of the PCS includes plasma equilibrium and density control commonly utilized in existing experiments, control of the plasma heat exhaust, control of a range of MHD instabilities (including mitigation of disruptions), and aspects such as control of the non-inductive current and the current profile required to maintain stable plasmas in steady-state scenarios. Control areas are often strongly coupled and the integrated control of the plasma to reach and sustain high plasma performance must apply multiple control functions simultaneously with a limited number of actuators. A sophisticated shared actuator management system is being designed to prioritize the goals that need to be controlled or weigh the algorithms and actuators in real-time according to dynamic control needs. The underlying architecture will be event-based so that many possible plasma or plant system events or faults could trigger automatic changes in the control algorithms or operational scenario, depending on real-time operating limits and conditions.     

核动力控制系统连续仿真和离散仿真的研究

分别采用连续时间模型和离散时间模型对一个试验重水反应堆的功率控制系统进行仿真研究,并阐述了如何利用仿真工具分析和改善系统的固有缺陷,使之达到希望的控制效果。     

网络控制下静态存储器的动态检测系统

全面地论述了网络控制下静态存储器动态检测系统的软硬件原理与特色。系统的实量测试采用了基于国际标准的ＴＣＰ／ＩＰ协议远程网络来控制;系统可测试多种类型的存储芯片,为了在实验中同时测试存储芯片的另一空间效应－单粒子锁,系统又集成了电源控制和电流监测部分。     

EPICS在正负电子对撞机低温控制系统中的应用

以北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程(BEPCⅡI)中低温控制系统为例,介绍了在实验物理和工业控制系统(EPICS)构架下, 对不同体系结构的设备级控制进行整合的方法及应用软件的开发,使EPICS应用的优势在加速器的控制系统中得到充分的体现.     

低轨道空间闪烁探测器异常区开关机设计及控制

介绍国内首台船载空间X射线闪烁探测器（XD）在低轨道空间环境条件下,特别在南大西洋异常区,通过硬／软件在轨控制高压开／关,实现控制器辐照防护的一种高可靠,低功耗,紧凑型的一体化系统设计及其结果。     

Dynamics of nuclear spin-1/2 system in a strong bichromatic RF-field

Based on calculating the influence of RF-field with various physical parameters on the dynamics of the spin 1/2 system,it was found that the spin state could be changed up and down by choosing appropriate RF pulses,and the coherent control of the RF pulses could substantially modify the behavior of spin dynamics:quicker change of two states could be produced even for small pulse duration.In addition,the oscillatory structures around the resonant frequency and the propagation features of the pulses depend on the relative phase of the biehromatie RF pulses.     

广义预测自校正控制算法在核反应堆功率控制中的应用研究

阐述了核反应堆堆芯的中子动力学数学模型,并应用该模型建立传递函数.提出将广义预测自校正控制算法应用于反应堆功率控制中,包括控制结构和控制器设计.仿真结果表明所采用的广义预测自校正控制算法能够较好地控制反应堆功率的输出,取得了较好的控制效果.     

基于Windows CE的HIRFL-CSR前端控制系统设计与实现

介绍了一个基于Windows CE的嵌入式分布控制系统,系统基于以太网和现场总线连接,节点用嵌入式平板计算机实现。给出了系统的硬件组成和软件设计,该系统已应用于HIRFL-CSR前端控制系统。     

同步辐射软X射线综合偏振测量分析装置的控制与数据获取系统

基于LabVIEW编程方法实现了对同步辐射软X射线偏振测量分析装置的系统控制和数据获取,给出了装置介绍、运动控制的物理思想、软件编程思路以及最终具体的实现方法,并对今后相关类似的软件应用进行了讨论.     

基于acslX软件的AP1000稳压器压力控制系统动态仿真

针对AP1000稳压器内部传热传质过程的特点,结合西屋AP1000的相关参数,在上海核工程研究设计院控制系统模型的基础上,对其中稳压器的二区数学模型进行完善和改进,利用acslX软件建立稳压器三区动态数学模型,并严格按照西屋AP1000稳压器的压力控制逻辑,对建立起来的数学模型进行了相应的控制仿真实现。通过比较改进前和改进后模型试验结果与相关设计文件的差异,验证了改进后模型较改进前具有更好的精确性、可扩展性,同时该模型可为今后CAP1400稳压器的仿真工作打下一定基础。     

低本底伽马能谱仪闪烁探测器的智能化温控系统设计

为了消除环境温度对闪烁体相对光输出影响带来的谱线漂移问题,设计了一种新型智能化温控系统。设计专用循环水路,采用改进的PID控制算法实时调整制冷加热模块输出电流,完成温度采集、控制操作,实现对闪烁体探测器的恒温控制。系统可通过CAN总线或USB接口与主机控制器进行数据交互,兼容现有能谱仪。经试验可知,温控系统温度稳态误差小于0.5℃,核素特征峰基本无漂移,满足稳谱使用要求,具有较高的应用价值。     

60Co集装箱CT检测系统主控站的设计与实现

简要介绍了^60Co集装箱CT检测系统的原理,并详细介绍了主控站软件的功能、编程技术和实现方法。该软件在实际运行中取得了很好的效果。     

Transient fuel performance analysis of UO2-BeO fuel with composite SiC coated with Cr cladding based on multiphysics method

The transient multiphysics models were updated in CAMPUS to evaluate the accident-tolerant fuel performance under acci-dent conditions.CAMPUS is a fuel performance code developed based on COMSOL.The simulated results of the UO2-Zir-caloy fuel performance under accident conditions were compared with those of the FRAPTRAN code and the experimental data to verify the correctness of the updated CAMPUS.Subsequently,multiphysics models of the UO2-BeO fuel and com-posite SiC coated with Cr(SiCf/SiC-Cr)cladding were implemented in CAMPUS.Finally,the fuel performance of the three types of fuel cladding systems under Loss of Coolant Accident(LOCA)and Reactivity Insertion Accident(RIA)conditions was evaluated and compared,including the temperature distribution,stress distribution,pressure evolution,and cladding failure time.The results showed that the fuel temperature of the UO2 fuel under accident conditions without pre-irradiation was lower after being combined with SiCr/SiC-Cr cladding.Moreover,the centerline and outer surface temperatures of the UO2-BeO fuel combined with SiCr/SiC-Cr cladding reduced further under accident conditions.The cladding temperature increased after the combination with the SiCt/SiC-Cr cladding under accident conditions with pre-irradiation.In addition,the use of SiCt/SiC-Cr cladding significantly reduced the cladding hoop strain and plenum pressure.     

Multi-agent-based anticipatory control for enhancing the safety and performance of Generation-IV nuclear power plants during long-term semi-autonomous operation

The use of multi-agents and anticipatory control to improve the performance and safety of nuclear power plants is discussed. The propose program seeks to advance and test via simulation a new control approach for the long-term semiautonomous and economically competitive operation of Generation-IV nuclear power plants. The approach exploits a simple but potentially powerfull idea: In order to regulate themselves in a semi-autonomous manner and be protected from potential anomalies, Generation-IV plants should act proactively, that is, effect control in anticipation of (not just in response to) potential contingencies. It is proposed to envelop the plant with two anticipatory control blankets, one pertaining to problems emerging due to wear and fatigue, and the other pertaining to unanticipated design basis events. Nuclear power plants are by their design well suited for the application of intelligent agents to carry out the safety assurance functions as they are well instrumented for purpose of defining their safety status. Each of the monitoring and control subsystems can be “agentized; i.e., legacy (existing) codes can be encapsulated in an agent “wrapper”, enabling critical information to be autonomously distributed to any agent that needs it to perform its prescribed task.     

Gd2O3-UO2芯块晶粒尺寸的影响因素研究

用光学显微镜和图象分析仪研究了影响Gd2O3-UO2芯块晶粒尺寸的因素。对烧结气氛、混料方式、芯块在烧结炉中的位置、以及在UO2芯块中添加U3O8、草酸铵和助烧剂（Al、Ti、V的氧化物）等给Gd2O3-UO2芯块晶粒尺寸带来的影响进行了研究。结果表明,球磨工艺、添加助烧剂和微氧化气氛烧结等都有利于芯块的晶粒生长,晶粒大小分布均匀;添加U3O8和草酸铵对芯块的晶粒生长无明显的影响。