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《Fusion Engineering and Design》2014,89(9-10):2289-2293
Integration of heterogeneous and distributed systems is a challenging task, because they might be running on different platforms and written with different implementation languages by multiple organizations. Data-centricity and event-driven architecture (EDA) are concepts that help to implement versatile and well-scaling distributed systems.This paper focuses on the implementation of inter-subsystem communication in a prototype distributed remote handling control system developed at Divertor Test Platform 2 (DTP2). The control system consists of a variety of heterogeneous subsystems, including a client–server web application and hard real-time controllers. A standardized middleware solution (Data Distribution Services (DDS)) that supports a data-centric EDA approach is used to integrate the system.One of the greatest challenges in integrating a system with a data-centric EDA approach is in defining the global data space model. The selected middleware is currently only used for non-deterministic communication. For future application, we evaluated the performance of point-to-point communication with and without the presence of additional network load to ensure applicability to real-time systems. We found that, under certain limitations, the middleware can be used for soft real-time communication. Hard real-time use will require more validation with a more suitable environment. 相似文献
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G. Di Gironimo D. Carfora G. Esposito C. Labate R. Mozzillo F. Renno A. Lanzotti M. Siuko 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2013,88(11):3014-3020
The paper focuses on the application of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) to divertor Remote Handling (RH) issues in Fusion Advanced Studies Torus (FAST), a satellite tokamak acting as a test bed for the study and the development of innovative technologies oriented to ITER and DEMO programs. The objective of this study consists in generating concepts or solutions able to overcome design and technical weak points in the current maintenance procedure. Two different concepts are designed with the help of a parametric CAD software, CATIA V5, using a top-down modeling approach; kinematic simulations of the remote handling system are performed using Digital Mock-Up (DMU) capabilities of the software. The evaluation of the concepts is carried out involving a group of experts in a participative design approach using virtual reality, classifying the concepts with the help of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). 相似文献
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《Fusion Engineering and Design》2014,89(11):2743-2747
This paper is based on the remote maintenance system project (WPRM) for the demonstration fusion power reactor (DEMO). Following ITER, DEMO aims to confirm the capability of generating several hundred of MW of net electricity by 2050. The main objective of these activities is to develop an efficient and reliable remote handling (RH) system for replacing the divertor cassettes.This paper presents the preliminary results of the concept design of the divertor RH system. The proposed divertor mover is a hydraulic telescopic boom driven from the transportation cask through the maintenance tunnel of the reactor. The boom is divided in three sections of 4 m each, and it is driving an end-effector in order to perform the scheduled operations of maintenance inside the vacuum vessel.Two alternative design of the end effector to grip and manipulate the divertor cassette are also presented in this work. Both the concepts are hydraulically actuated, basing on the ITER previous studies. The divertor cassette end-effector consists of a lifting arm linked to the divertor mover, a tilting plate, a cantilever arm and a hook-plate.The main objective of this paper is to illustrate the feasibility of DEMO divertor remote maintenance operations. 相似文献
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《Fusion Engineering and Design》2014,89(5):523-528
The plasma control system simulation platform (PCSSP) for ITER shall support the analysis and development of methods to be used by the ITER plasma control system (PCS) for handling exceptions to optimize pulses and assist in machine protection. PCSSP will permit to investigate physical and technical events, such as component failures, control degradation, operation domain excess, plasma state bifurcation or instabilities, and interlock activity. Serving that purpose, the plasma, actuator, diagnostics and PCS simulation modules in PCSSP will be enhanced to compute nominal and off-normal data. Configured by an event schedule, an event generator will orchestrate the activation and manipulate the characteristics of such off-normal computation. In the simulated PCS exceptions will be handled in a pulse supervision layer operating on top of the pulse continuous control (PCC) feedback loops. It will monitor events, decide on which exceptions to respond, and compute new control references to modify PCC behavior. We discuss basic concepts for the event generation in PCSSP, and a preliminary architecture for exception handling in PCS, and show how these will be configured with event and pulse schedules. 相似文献
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Lieying Yao Weibin Li Yuhong Chen Yingqiao Wang Mingnan Bu Yali Wang Haotian Hu Weimin Xuan 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2013,88(9-10):1505-1508
The power supply control system is one of the most important local control systems of HL-2M tokamak. The power supply system of HL-2M is composed of four flywheel generator sets with total capacity of 600 MVA, all the magnetic field coil power supplies and high voltage power supplies of auxiliary heating system. The control system of power supply should make sure the large amount of on-site equipment and facilities to operate steadily and reliably.This paper presents the architecture of HL-2M control system and four kinds of established control networks. It describes how the power supply control system is built by using the established hardware structures and software agreements. Specially, it is focused on introducing an application of real-time technology based on the reflective shared memory and the fully digital compact solution for controlling the high power converters. Otherwise, a scheme which adopts PROFINET and Sequence of Events technology to carry out the intellect interlock control system is given. 相似文献
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《Fusion Engineering and Design》2014,89(3):267-272
ITER will be the world's largest magnetic confinement tokamak fusion device and is currently under construction in southern France. The ITER Plasma Control System (PCS) is a fundamental component of the ITER Control, Data Access and Communication system (CODAC). It will control the evolution of all plasma parameters that are necessary to operate ITER throughout all phases of the discharge. The design and implementation of the PCS poses a number of unique challenges. The timescales of phenomena to be controlled spans three orders of magnitude, ranging from a few milliseconds to seconds. Novel control schemes, which have not been implemented at present-day machines need to be developed, and control schemes that are only done as demonstration experiments today will have to become routine. In addition, advances in computing technology and available physics models make the implementation of real-time or faster-than-real-time predictive calculations to forecast and subsequently to avoid disruptions or undesired plasma regimes feasible. This requires the PCS design to be adaptable in real-time to the results of these forecasting algorithms. A further novel feature is a sophisticated event handling system, which provides a means to deal with plasma related events (such as MHD instabilities or L-H transitions) or component failure. Finally, the schedule for design and implementation poses another challenge. The beginning of ITER operation will be in late 2020, but the conceptual design activity of the PCS has already commenced as required by the on-going development of diagnostics and actuators in the domestic agencies and the need for integration and testing. This activity is presently underway as a collaboration of international experts and the results will be published as a subsequent publication. In this paper, an overview about the main areas of intervention of the plasma control system will be given as well as a summary of the interfaces and the integration into ITER CODAC (networks, other applications, etc.). The limited amount of commissioning time foreseen for plasma control will make extensive testing and validation necessary. This should be done in an environment that is as close to the PCS version running the machine as possible. Furthermore, the integration with an Integrated Modeling Framework will lead to a versatile tool that can also be employed for pulse validation, control system development and testing as well as the development and validation of physics models. An overview of the requirements and possible structure of such an environment will also be presented. 相似文献
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Shinji Sasaki Koji Maeda Hirotaka Furuya 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2018,55(3):276-282
The lifetime of control rods is limited by the absorber (B4C pellets)–cladding mechanical interaction (ACMI). Therefore, sodium (Na)-bonded control rods were developed for long-life control rods. Na-bonded control rods have been irradiated in the experimental fast breeder reactor, JOYO MK-III, and the diametrical changes of the Na-bonded absorber pins after the irradiation were measured in detail.
In this paper, these detailed measurements were compared with the results obtained in helium (He)-bonded control rods with and without the shroud tube in a wide burn-up range. From the comparison, it was found that the diametric changes were smaller in the Na-bonded absorber pins than in the He-bonded ones. It was concluded that the Na-bonded absorber pins are very effective for achieving long-life control rods. 相似文献
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《Fusion Engineering and Design》2014,89(5):507-511
The ITER plasma control system (PCS) will play a central role in enabling the experimental program to attempt to sustain DT plasmas with Q = 10 for several hundred seconds and also support research toward the development of steady-state operation in ITER. The PCS is now in the final phase of its conceptual design. The PCS relies on about 45 diagnostic systems to assess real-time plasma conditions and about 20 actuator systems for overall control of ITER plasmas. It will integrate algorithms required for active control of a wide range of plasma parameters with sophisticated event forecasting and handling functions, which will enable appropriate transitions to be implemented, in real-time, in response to plasma evolution or actuator constraints.In specifying the PCS conceptual design, it is essential to define requirements related to all phases of plasma operation, ranging from early (non-active) H/He plasmas through high fusion gain inductive plasmas to fully non-inductive steady-state operation, to ensure that the PCS control functionality and architecture will be capable of satisfying the demands of the ITER research plan. The scope of the control functionality required of the PCS includes plasma equilibrium and density control commonly utilized in existing experiments, control of the plasma heat exhaust, control of a range of MHD instabilities (including mitigation of disruptions), and aspects such as control of the non-inductive current and the current profile required to maintain stable plasmas in steady-state scenarios. Control areas are often strongly coupled and the integrated control of the plasma to reach and sustain high plasma performance must apply multiple control functions simultaneously with a limited number of actuators. A sophisticated shared actuator management system is being designed to prioritize the goals that need to be controlled or weigh the algorithms and actuators in real-time according to dynamic control needs. The underlying architecture will be event-based so that many possible plasma or plant system events or faults could trigger automatic changes in the control algorithms or operational scenario, depending on real-time operating limits and conditions. 相似文献
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《Fusion Engineering and Design》2014,89(3):186-194
The COMPASS plasma control system is based on the MARTe real-time framework. Thanks to MARTe modularity and flexibility new algorithms have been developed for plasma diagnostic (plasma position calculation), control (shaping field control), and protection systems (central solenoid protection). Moreover, the MARTe framework itself was modified to broaden the communication capabilities via Aurora.This paper presents the recent upgrades and improvements made to the COMPASS real-time plasma control system, focusing on the issues related to precision of the real-time calculations, and discussing the improvements in terms of discharge parameters and stability. In particular, the new real-time system has given the possibility to analyze and to minimize the transport delays of each control loop. 相似文献
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核动力控制系统连续仿真和离散仿真的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别采用连续时间模型和离散时间模型对一个试验重水反应堆的功率控制系统进行仿真研究,并阐述了如何利用仿真工具分析和改善系统的固有缺陷,使之达到希望的控制效果。 相似文献
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全面地论述了网络控制下静态存储器动态检测系统的软硬件原理与特色。系统的实量测试采用了基于国际标准的TCP/IP协议远程网络来控制;系统可测试多种类型的存储芯片,为了在实验中同时测试存储芯片的另一空间效应-单粒子锁,系统又集成了电源控制和电流监测部分。 相似文献
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以北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程(BEPCⅡI)中低温控制系统为例,介绍了在实验物理和工业控制系统(EPICS)构架下, 对不同体系结构的设备级控制进行整合的方法及应用软件的开发,使EPICS应用的优势在加速器的控制系统中得到充分的体现. 相似文献
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Based on calculating the influence of RF-field with various physical parameters on the dynamics of the spin 1/2 system,it was found that the spin state could be changed up and down by choosing appropriate RF pulses,and the coherent control of the RF pulses could substantially modify the behavior of spin dynamics:quicker change of two states could be produced even for small pulse duration.In addition,the oscillatory structures around the resonant frequency and the propagation features of the pulses depend on the relative phase of the biehromatie RF pulses. 相似文献
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介绍了一个基于Windows CE的嵌入式分布控制系统,系统基于以太网和现场总线连接,节点用嵌入式平板计算机实现。给出了系统的硬件组成和软件设计,该系统已应用于HIRFL-CSR前端控制系统。 相似文献