Manufacturing technology for white-iron smoothing tools used with nonferrous metals

Electrocontact chemical and thermal treatment of steel is developed. This process applies a white-iron layer at its surface, so as to increase the wear resistance. The structure and properties of the steel surface after treatment are investigated. It is found that, after the proposed electrocontact treatment, carbon-steel tools may be used to smooth the surface of nonferrous metals.     

基于AVR脉冲调制的刀具磁化机研制

在机械加工领域,刀具的使用寿命直接关系到生产成本。通过磁化,可延长刀具使用寿命。设计制造一台以AVR系列单片机为控制核心的刀具脉冲磁化机,可为刀具磁处理提供硬件平台。具体阐述了磁化机的设计原理和磁化机内部主、控电路的结构及其原理,证实了AVR系列单片机在磁化机中应用的可行性,最后通过测试主电路中输出端口的波形对磁化机进行验证。     

Kostyrka运动件锁紧装置在机床旋转类功能部件中的应用

分析Kostyrka运动件锁紧装置的分类形式、定位夹紧的工作原理、锁紧扭矩的经验公式、锁紧装置的使用原则,并详细介绍了其在机床旋转类功能部件中的应用特点,为国内机床旋转类功能部件制造企业的产品研发提供了非常有价值的借鉴意义。     

A mean-count-rate meter with adaptive digital signal smoothing

Two algorithms for adapting exposures to pluse-arrival rates are briefly described, and examples of their use in radiometers are given.     

MES系统实现精益生产

车间制造执行系统(MES),是实现精益生产的有效途径,即MES系统是实现精益生产的最佳软件载体。在MES系统实施和建设的过程中,采取了多项措施,开展精益生产和精细化管理,取得了满意的效果。     

消费先行制造跟上——访中国兵工学会理事朵英贤

兵工行业作为机床消费行列中的高端用户群,对机床需求大、要求高,因而机床在此领域的应用情况或许可以带给机床制造商不少启发,抱着这种想法我们走访了中国兵工学会理事朵英贤教授.     

Tribological properties of fast-cutting steel tools and tools modified with iodine compounds

We present the results of studies of the processes that evolve in contact zones in the blade-cutting of metals and alloys when the surface layers of tool materials (fast-cutting steels) contain iodine compounds that have formed when the tools have been chemothermally or ion-plasma treated. It is established that iron diodide is the prevailing compound that modifies the physicomechanical behavior of high-speed steels without altering the microstresses in their surface layers. The structural and thermodynamic features of iron diodide have motivated the experimental validation of the mechanism of its effect on the processes of contact interaction The essence of the mechanism is the combination of the solid grease and the radical-chain reactions. Various operations of blade-cutting of a broad range of materials has demonstrated the effectiveness of iodine compounds for the cutting process characteristics and opertional ability of cutting tools. The utmost effect is achieved when machining titanium-based alloys.     

分层制造与电火花加工集成快速制造金属零件的研究

介绍了金属零件直接快速制造的国内外进展情况，分析了等离子粉末堆焊和电火花放电加工的技术特点与存在的不足，并在此基础上提出了增材制造与EDM复合直接快速制造金属零件的工艺方法，阐明了集成制造的工艺过程、特点及社会经济意义。     

整体式接管补强的制造

整体式接管补强多用在疲劳容器上,接管上面的鞍形补强段同时也是壳体的一部分,接管与壳体焊接接头为对接接头,受力情况好,但是接管上的补强部分与壳体的相贯面是一个三维曲面,采用普通机械加工方式无法实现。本文通过建立数学模型,进行数学分析,编制数控加工程序的方式在加工中心机床上实现了曲面的数控加工,同时对铣削过程进行了误差分析。     

锥形轴螺旋叶片的制作

介绍了在锥形轴上绕制螺旋叶片的一种简便实用的工艺方法，这种方法使用一块简易样板，直接划线切割，无需进行繁琐的运算和准确的绘图，现场操作十分方便。     

Numerical smoothing of flow patterns

Two strategies are presented for smoothing the flow patterns obtained from grids photographically deposited on aluminium that is extruded through wedge shaped dies. The objective of the numerical procedures is to remove small irregularities from the flow and so smooth the data sufficiently to permit reasonably accurate computations of the strain-rates, total strains and directions of maximum shear strain-rate for use in further investigations of the flow fields. The strategies are based on the equalisation of the curvilinear quadrilateral areas which make up the flow pattern. In the first, the areas are computed using spline approximations to the segments of streamlines and transverselines whilst in the second the data sets are augmented by interpolating additional streamlines and transverselines between the original areas, and the areas computed using straight line approximations. Results from 30 and 60 degree half die angle extrusions are analysed and the strategies are shown to effectively smooth the flow as indicated by several quantitative and qualitative measures. The distributions of strain-rate, total strain and directions of maximum shear strain rate are more readily interpreted and applicable for further analysis.     

内盘管反应槽的制造

从选材、零件制造、辅助工装、最后组装与测试等方面介绍了复杂内盘管反应槽的制造工艺过程。并介绍了多层内盘管支撑型式的改进与发展。     

精简高效型CNG机床布局的研究设计

鉴于用途广泛的CNG气瓶专用加工机床布局繁杂、控制系统要求高等,研究设计简洁高效的机床布局,研究设计高精加工的数控移置式刀架,研究设计效果显著的雾化冷却系统,为CNG气瓶的高精加工提供新的技术,为其他产品的专用机床研究设计提供了发展方向。     

Mirror surface machining of high-alloy steels by elliptical vibration cutting with single-crystalline diamond tools: Influence of alloy elements on diamond tool damage

Elliptical vibration cutting with single-crystalline diamond tools is applied to mirror surface machining of high-alloy steels such as cold work die steels and high-speed tool steels with a hardness of more than 60 HRC. Although practical mirror surface machining of hardened die steels such as Stavax (modified AISI 420) with a hardness of 53 HRC has been realized with the elliptical vibration cutting, lives of single-crystalline diamond tools are not sufficiently long in machining of some high-alloy steels, that may be caused by a large amount of alloy elements. In order to clarify the influence of the alloy elements on the diamond tool damage, the elliptical vibration cutting experiments are conducted on six kinds of high-alloy steels and four kinds of pure metals which are the same as the alloy elements. Mechanical properties of the alloy steels, i.e. difference in hardness between carbides and matrices, and the number of small carbides, are measured, and their influence on the micro-chippings are investigated. The chemical states of the alloy elements in high-alloy steels are analyzed using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and an electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA), and their influence on the tool wear is discussed. Based on the investigation, a mirror surface machining of DC53, which has a high hardness of 62.2 HRC and the best machinability in the tested high-alloy steels, is demonstrated, and a mirror surface with a roughness of Rt 0.05 μm is obtained successfully.     

Elastic smoothing of surfaces with holes on turning and milling centers

New experimental and theoretical approaches to the dynamics of elastic smoothing of surfaces with holes is outlined. The excitation of parametric oscillations in a dynamically stable technological system with indenter motion over a vibrational track is considered. Means are proposed for regulating the vibrational stability in the elastic smoothing of external cylindrical surfaces with holes on multifunctional machines.     

平滑化窄脉冲高功率准分子激光放大技术

对于高功率准分子激光,光学角多路和诱导空间非相干(EFISI)光束平滑是高功率准分子激光压缩脉宽、提高功率密度和实现靶面均匀辐照的有效途径,其应用涉及前端至靶前的各个环节,主要体现为平滑化窄脉冲激光的传输放大问题.首先介绍了基于散射法开展的部分相千源前端技术及脉冲整形的初步研究结果,利用直接法和反射率耦合方法,研究了5...     

Impregnation of abrasive tools with foaming agents

Russian Engineering Research -     

Modeling chip formation with grooved tools

A slip-line field model for orthogonal cutting with a tool containing a groove-like feature on its rake face is proposed. Primary contact at the tool-chip interface is taken to be plastic. Based on experimental observations, it is assumed that the chip flows into the groove, and is forced to curl by Coulomb friction contact with the groove back wall. Solutions obtained for different groove geometries, groove positions relative to the cutting edge, rake angles and tool-chip interface friction using the matrix operator method are presented and discussed. The calculated results are in general agreement with experimental observations. It is found that the model can be formulated so that it can be used to predict the cutting geometry for obstruction-type chip breakers as well.     

Multispeed tool-life tests with radioactive tools

A multispeed testing method for obtaining tool-life parameters using radioactive tools has been developed. By suitable interpolation of the instantaneous rates of absolute wear measured for a number of discrete cutting speeds, the corresponding tool-life values can be deduced in a test employing a single cutting edge. Using failure criteria based on wear-land width, crater volume and total wear volume, tool-life parameters were obtained in orthogonal cutting tests with irradiated high speed steel tools. Subsidiary experiments, including conventional tool-life testing, confirmed the validity of the multispeed method over the cutting speed range investigated.