炭黑补强异戊橡胶和天然橡胶性能之对比研究

用填充炭黑的异戊橡胶（IR）和天然橡胶（NR）分别研究其硫化特性、力学性能、热空气老化性能和动态力学性能。结果表明,异戊橡胶比天然橡胶的硫化速度慢,焦烧时间长。随着炭黑用量的增多,IR和NR的300％定伸应力增大,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率都下降,撕裂强度出现了峰值。炭黑用量增加到40份时,IR的拉伸强度下降最缓慢,耐老化性能最好;而NR随炭黑用量增加,其拉伸强度下降加快,耐老化性能变差。0℃时IR的损耗因子大于NR的损耗因子;60℃时,IR的损耗因子小于NR的损耗因子。     

三种软化剂对炭黑填充天然橡胶胶料流变性能的影响

用孟山都加工性能试验机在温度为７０－１３０℃、表观剪切速率为５０－６３Ｉｓ＾－１的范围内测定不同用量的高芳烃油、４＾＃橡胶油，石蜡烃操作油用于高耐磨炭黑填充天然橡胶胶料中时胶料表观剪切应力的变化，对具有第Ｉ类流动曲线的体系，通过计算机处理数据，建立了软化指数用软化剂用量的数学关系式，表明了温度及表观剪切速率对ＳＩ－Ｐ关系的影响。     

补强体系对天然橡胶硫化胶动态性能的影响

研究了炭黑和经硅烷偶联剂改性的白炭黑补强NR对硫化胶性能和产品动态性能的影响。结果表明,采用硅烷偶联剂改性的白炭黑补强天然橡胶具有较好的耐热氧老化性能,较小的损耗因子,较低的压缩疲劳生热和良好的耐热性能;用白炭黑补强的天然橡胶生产的履带板产品在动态性能试验中具有较小的损耗因子和较低的动态生热量。     

白炭黑/炭黑复合填料对天然橡胶补强性能的研究

炭黑和白炭黑是橡胶主要的补强填料,可以显著提升橡胶的性能。虽然炭黑和白炭黑有各自的优势,但白炭黑/炭黑共用可以更好地提高天然橡胶(NR)的物理性能和动态性能。本工作用不同用量比的白炭黑/炭黑复合填料(用量50份)补强NR,考察胶料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、耐磨性能、抗裂口增长性能、生热性能和滚动阻力等。结果表明,复合填料的白炭黑用量为20份和30份时NR胶料综合性能较好。     

炭黑/煤矸石/碳纳米管复合填料对天然橡胶性能的影响

研究炭黑/煤矸石/碳纳米管(CNTs)复合填料体系对天然橡胶(NR)性能的影响。结果表明:CNTs延迟硫化效应明显;相比炭黑,煤矸石对硫化具有促进作用;在填料用量相同的条件下,单独由炭黑填充的NR有最大的交联密度,CNTs对交联密度影响不明显;当煤矸石/炭黑/CNTs用量比为17.5/16.5/1时,复合填料填充NR具有良好的综合性能。     

补强体系对天然橡胶减振材料性能的影响

研究补强体系对天然橡胶减振材料性能的影响。结果表明：填充19份炭黑N774和39份白炭黑的胶料的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度最大,但填料分散性和耐老化性能差,压缩永久变形较大;填充37份炭黑N550和19份炭黑N774胶料的交联密度和拉伸强度最小,Payne效应强,压缩永久变形最大;填充43份炭黑N774或39份炭黑N660及20份白炭黑的胶料兼具优异的填料分散性和耐老化性能,且压缩永久变形较小,可满足减振橡胶材料的性能要求。     

高岭土在天然橡胶中的补强性能研究

研究普通高岭土和改性高岭土对天然橡胶(NR)的补强性能,并与炭黑N660、白炭黑和纳米碳酸钙对比。结果表明,炭黑N660对NR胶料的补强效果最佳,改性高岭土次之,普通高岭土略逊于白炭黑,但优于纳米碳酸钙。     

炭黑/煤矸石/碳纳米管复合填料体系对天然橡胶性能的影响研究*

利用硝酸氧化法对碳纳米管(CNTs)进行纯化,并用环氧天然橡胶(ENR)进行改性处理。结合胶质量分数测定结果表明, ENR用量15%(质量)时效果最佳。采用胶乳凝聚法制备CNTs/天然橡胶(NR)母料。煤矸石粉(CG)经高温煅烧和表面改性处理。 将CNTs/天然橡胶(NR)母料、CG和炭黑(CB)通过机械混炼法与天然橡胶及配合剂混合,制备CB/CG/CNTs/NR复合材料,并对复合材料进行硫化特性及物理机械性能。结果表明： CNTs延迟硫化效应明显;相比炭黑,CG对硫化具有促进作用。硫化特性和甲苯溶胀法测定结果表明,在填料份数相同的条件下,单独由CB填充的NR有最大的交联密度,CNTs对交联密度影响不明显。物理机械性能测试结果表明,当CG：CB：CNTs=17.5:16.5:1(Phr)时,NR硫化胶的300%定伸应力和扯断伸长率明显高于单独由CB填充NR,而拉伸强度与之接近,复合填料样填充NR具有较好的综合性能。扫描电镜测试结果表明,复合填料在NR基体中分布均匀。     

白炭黑补强异戊橡胶和天然橡胶性能的对比研究

采用白炭黑填充补强异戊橡胶(IR)和天然橡胶(NR),分别研究其硫化特性、机械力学性能、热空气老化性能和动态力学性能.结果表明:白炭黑补强的IR比NR硫化速度快,焦烧时间短,交联密度与NR接近;NR的机械力学性能优于IR;随着白炭黑用量增加,IR的耐老化能力逐渐增强,NR在白炭黑用量为20份时耐老化性能最好;在0℃时,IR的损耗因子大于NR的损耗因子,在60℃时,IR的损耗因子小于NR的损耗因子.     

不同粒径的碳纳米管补强天然橡胶

以2种不同型号的短多壁碳纳米管（管径OD20-30nm和30-50nm,长度告为0.5-2μm）与炭黑N330混合成复合填料,采用混炼法讨论其对天然橡胶的补强作用。结果表明／碳纳米管对橡胶的拉伸强度、定伸应力、硬度等方面有着显著的影响;不同管径的碳纳米管由于其自身性能的差异,对天然橡胶的性能有不同的影响;碳纳米管的不同添加量对天然橡胶补强的各性能有非常大的影响。     

煤炭资源类填充剂在橡胶中的应用进展

介绍了高硫煤、煤矸石、粉煤灰和石煤渣等煤炭资源类填充剂经粉碎、表面改性后在橡胶中的应用,以及制备炭黑、白炭黑后应用于橡胶中的进展。煤炭资源的废弃物多为无机材料,对其表面改性以增强其与橡胶的相容性就显得极其重要。煤炭资源类填充剂的利用具有经济、社会和环境的三位一体的效益。     

胶粉/粉煤灰公路路面材料的研究

针对国内目前废旧橡胶日益增多，橡胶粉产业蓬勃发展，市场有待进一步开发的问题，研究了用废旧橡胶粉与粉煤灰的共混来制备公路路面材料。通过测试材料的邵尔A型硬度、扯断伸长率、拉伸强度，确定了最佳配方。结果显示：用胶粉和粉煤灰共混可制成路面材料，其性能符合相关产品的国家要求，实现了变废为宝的目的。     

Organomodified kaolin as a reinforcing filler for natural rubber

China clay (kaolin) has been modified with sodium salt of rubber seed oil (SRSO). SRSO was characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). XRD of the unmodified and SRSO‐modified kaolins showed an increase in the d‐(001) spacing of kaolin platelets from 7.15 to 14 Å. FTIR spectroscopy indicated possible grafting of the organic moiety of rubber seed oil (RSO) onto the clay surface. DTA of the SRSO‐modified kaolin indicated that the SRSO is more strongly bound in a constraint environment within the lamellae of kaolin. Natural rubber (NR) mix containing 10 phr of SRSO‐modified kaolin was found to cure faster than that of a similar mix containing unmodified kaolin. NR vulcanizates containing SRSO‐modified kaolin showed considerable increase in tensile modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break indicating its potential as an organomodified nanofiller. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effect of surface modification of silicon carbide nanoparticles on the properties of nanocomposites based on epoxidized natural rubber/natural rubber blends

Improvement of the properties of rubber nanocomposites is a challenge for the rubber industry because of the need for higher performance materials. Addition of a nanometer‐sized filler such as silicon carbide (SiC) to enhance the mechanical properties of rubber nanocomposites has rarely been attempted. The main problem associated with using SiC nanoparticles as a reinforcing natural rubber (NR) filler compound is poor dispersion of SiC in the NR matrix because of their incompatibility. To solve this problem, rubber nanocomposites were prepared with SiC that had undergone surface modification with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and used as a filler in blends of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and natural rubber. The effect of surface modification and ENR content on the curing characteristics, dynamic mechanical properties, morphology and heat buildup of the blends were investigated. The results showed that modification of SiC with AIBN resulted in successful bonding to the surface of SiC. It was found that modified SiC nanoparticles were well dispersed in the ENR/NR matrix, leading to good filler‐rubber interaction and improved compatibility between the rubber and filler in comparison with unmodified SiC. The mechanical properties and heat buildup when modified SiC was used as filled in ENR/NR blends were improved. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45289.     

Viscoelastic properties of fly ash‐filled natural rubber compounds: Effect of fly ash loading

Fly ash (FA) as a by‐product of power station plants is known to consist of silicon dioxide similar to precipitated silica. The use of FA as filler in natural rubber (NR) was of interest to reinforce and/or reduce product cost. In this article, viscoelastic properties of FA‐filled NR composites with various FA loadings were investigated with the utilization of two different modes of shear flow, namely, oscillatory and steady shear flow. It is found that the addition of FA to NR increases storage modulus (G′) and shear viscosity under both oscillatory and steady shear flow. Moreover, the oscillatory test results exhibit the unexpected increase in magnitude of viscous response with increasing FA loading in FA‐filled NR compounds. The explanation is proposed in terms of the ball‐bearing effect of FA with spherical shape associated with the occurrence of molecular degradation induced by inorganic constituents particularly manganese, iron, and copper in nonrubber component of NR as well as the small amount of heavy metals including iron, copper in FA. An isoprene rubber (IR) containing no nonrubber component was used to validate the proposed explanation. In addition, with the use of Cox‐Merz concept, the results of both complex viscosity under oscillatory shear flow and apparent shear viscosity under steady shear flow can effectively be superimposed in the case of FA‐filled compounds, supporting the promotion of viscous response by FA. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

改性粉煤灰填充废胶粉复合材料研究

以废胶粉（URP）为基体相,粉煤灰（FA）为增强相,烷偶联剂为相容性制备了粉煤灰/废胶粉复合材料。研究了废胶粉和粉煤灰的最佳用量和偶联剂的用量,混合方式和最佳的硫化条件。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FT-IR）分析了粉煤灰/废胶粉试样的结构和形貌。结果表明：用Si-69对粉煤灰的改性效果好于KH-550。废胶粉最佳用量为100份,粉煤灰40份,Si-69 1.0份。最佳的初混方式为热混,偶联剂先与粉煤灰混合,而后再与废胶粉混合。最佳硫化条件为：温度160℃,压力8MPa,时间25 min。Si-69/FA/URP比KH-550/FA/URP的相容性要好。硅烷偶联剂中的Si—OH和粉煤灰表面的—OH发生脱水缩合,形成了Si—O键;偶联剂的有机端和废胶粉形成了C—H键,从而改善了FA/URP复合材料相容性和力学性能。     

Comparative study on natural antioxidant as an aging retardant for natural rubber vulcanizates

The research aim is mainly to investigate the effectiveness of natural antioxidant (NA) obtained from oil palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis) as an aging retardant in natural rubber (NR) vulcanizates. Comparison of NA with other commercial antioxidants, trimethyl quinoline (TMQ) and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), is investigated. The effect of natural and commercial antioxidants on NR vulcanizates was explored before and after aging. Aging test was carried out at 70°C for three different periods, 4, 7, and 14 days to determine aging property by performing the tensile and tear tests. NA shows lower tensile properties, crosslink density, tack strength but high tear strength compared to the commercial antioxidants, BHT and TMQ. However, upon aging NR vulcanizates with NA retains its properties equivalent to that of commercial antioxidants, BHT and TMQ. Thus, NA can be used as an aging retardant for short‐term protection in application requiring moderate tensile properties and can be used as alternative source for commercial antioxidant. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

白炭黑用量对氯丁橡胶/天然橡胶共混物性能的影响

研究了不同用量的沉淀法白炭黑填充质量比75/25的氯丁橡胶/天然橡胶共混物的物理机械性能、耐热老化性能和耐油性能,并用扫描电镜研究了共混物的结构。结果显示,白炭黑的加入改善了共混硫化物的拉伸强度、100%定伸应力和邵尔A硬度。压缩永久变形减小,黏度增大,从而导致在形变的过程中天然橡胶分散相占有率相对减少。相关性能也证明随着白炭黑用量的增加,硫化胶的耐热和耐油性能显著提高。