覆铝钢板搪瓷的底材化学处理

研究了覆铝钢板复合材料的表面化学状态与搪瓷密着性的关系,认为表面的组织状态与结构对搪瓷密着性有很大的影响。实验得出,铬浴处理后的覆铝钢板表面活性强,组织结构适合瓷釉元素的扩散,搪瓷界面过渡层宽度增加,密着强度提高。     

新型覆铝钢板搪瓷的研究进展

新型覆铝钢板搪瓷主要由覆铝钢板和搪瓷层两部分组成,具有优良的物理、化学性能,国外已广泛应用于建筑、家电、科教、卫生用品等行业.研究覆铝钢板、搪瓷瓷釉以及密着机理是解决当前覆铝钢板搪瓷问题的重点.     

低温覆铝锌钢板搪瓷的密着性能研究

通过对覆铝锌钢板搪瓷样品的密着测试,研究了搪瓷的密着性能。通过金相、扫描电镜等测试,分析了铝锌钢板搪瓷断面结合的微观结构,通过能谱测试分析铝锌钢板搪瓷的元素分布,探讨铝锌搪瓷的密着机制。结果表明,铝锌钢板搪瓷的密着性能良好,铝锌镀层与搪瓷层之间有明显的过渡层和元素扩散,中间过渡层与金属铝的结合主要通过金属键来实现,中间过渡层与瓷釉层的结合主要是通过离子键和共价键来实现。     

覆铝钢板搪瓷密着机理研究

通过对覆铝钢板搪瓷界面形貌、结构、元素分布等的分析 ,从化学反应动力学、热力学以及界面能探讨了密着机理 ,本质是界面化学反应产生络合物、氧化物以及合金相 ,并溶解在界面区瓷釉中 ,在界面形成的化学键使瓷层与基体紧密结合在一起     

覆铝钢板搪瓷的耐温急变性研究

本文探讨了热膨胀、弹性、抗张强度等物理性能对覆铝钢板搪瓷的耐温急变性的影响,并计算了热稳定性,当瓷层的Z/(E_α)的值为7.93×10_(-6)时,覆铝钢板搪瓷的耐温急变性大干130℃,具有优良的温度急变抗力。     

低温覆铝钢板平板搪瓷研究

1 引言 钢板覆铝搪瓷是一种新型复合型装饰材料,其制造工艺是在钢板上先采用热浸涂方法涂上一层薄薄均匀的铝层,再进行涂搪烧成,钢板覆铝搪瓷的截面结构如图1所示。这种材料的特点是既具有传统搪瓷耐酸、耐碱、耐磨、美观、色彩鲜艳的优点,同时又具有传统搪瓷不具备的可以切割、打孔、高度平整、重量轻、瓷层即使有点破损也不会生锈等特点。     

新型搪瓷-覆铝钢板韧性搪瓷

覆铝钢板韧性搪瓷是以覆铝钢板为底材，涂烧一种特殊低温瓷釉而制造的新型复合材料。介绍了该材料底材的选择，瓷釉的特点和釉浆制备，涂搪、干燥及烧成工艺特点，探讨了覆铝钢板搪瓷的密着机理，分析了该材料的应用前景。     

采用测定钢板中酸溶铝量预测和控制搪瓷鳞爆

我国搪瓷用薄钢板多由国外进口,其中有些牌号的钢板易使搪瓷产生大量鳞爆,其原因除与钢板的质量有关外,还与搪瓷生产工艺有关。如热加工时的气氛和温度,以及酸洗或搪烧时进入钢中的氢。它随钢板的冷却在钢中溶解度变小,重新从钢中析出,在钢板-搪瓷界面,以及钢板缺陷处形成高压氢,当氢气压力积累到一定程度就会冲破瓷层,造成鳞爆缺陷。     

无铅建筑铝搪瓷的密着机理研究

采用扫描电子显微镜、电子探针等分析无铅建筑铝搪瓷界面的显微结构和元素分布，并结合铝搪瓷的密着强度，探讨了无铅建筑铝搪瓷的密着机理。结果表明，密着性能优良的无铅建筑铝搪瓷面存在铝元素与瓷釉元素相互扩散的中间过渡层；中间过渡层与金属铝的结合主要通过金属键来实现，中间过渡层与瓷釉层的结合主要是通过离子键和共价键来实现。     

覆铝钢板搪瓷的化学稳定性研究

研究了化学组成与覆铝钢板搪瓷耐酸面碱性能之间的关系,结果表明,当瓷层受Ｈ＾＋侵蚀时,均匀分布在瓷釉网络中的ＴｉＯ２晶体可提高瓷釉层在酸中的过钝电位,阻止Ｈ＾＋与瓷层的化学反应;当受ＯＨ＾－作用时,组成中的ＺｒＯ２首先与ＯＨ＾－生成Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）４,进上步与瓷层表面的硅醇结合形成阻止ＯＨ＾－腐蚀瓷层的保护膜。     

Characterization of vitreous enamel–steel interface by using hot stage ESEM and nano-indentation techniques

In this study, phase transformation of the vitreous enamel and the interface steel–enamel during firing was analyzed. The thermal transformation of vitreous coating on steel was observed “in situ” with an environmental scanning electron microscopy and the mechanical properties of the steel–enamel interface were studied by using a nano-indenter. The interface reactions and the resulting structure can strongly influence the adhesion mechanism between glass coatings and the metal substrate. An in-depth investigation and structural characterization was therefore performed to define the correlation between interface morphology and the final chemical and mechanical properties of the enamel–steel interface.     

X-ray Diffraction Characterization of the Enamel–Steel Interface

In the enameling of steel, the oxide is generally regarded as being completely dissolved by the fusing enamel, with the enamel–metal bond forming directly between oxide-saturated glass and metal. According to this model, the adherence of the oxide layer present on the surface of the steel as the enamel begins to fuse is irrelevant, because none of the original oxide layer remains in the matured enamel–steel bond. This model has not been completely verified, however, and some researchers have presented evidence for the presence of a layer of wüstite (FeO) at the enamel–steel interface on the order of 1 to 4 μm in thickness. Whether such a layer exists has important implications regarding the mechanism of enamel–steel adherence. In the present study, a method was developed to concentrate whatever crystalline material might be present in the interfacial zone to make it more amenable to detection by X-ray diffraction. Through the use of wüstite standards, the present technique was shown to be capable of detecting a layer of wüstite at the enamel–steel interface as thin as 0.3 μm. However, in neither one-coat nor two-coat enameling could a layer of wüstite be demonstrated at the enamel–steel interface. Hence, there does not appear to be a 1-to-4-μm-thick wüstite layer at the enamel–steel interface. If a layer of iron oxide is present at the interface, it must be thinner than 0.3 μm.     

一次搪耐酸搪瓷界面过渡层结构研究

采用合理配方设计,使用一次涂搪工艺,制备出了同时具有优良密着性能和耐酸性能的搪瓷板。采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对一次搪耐酸搪瓷板界面显微结构和元素进行分析,研究结果表明,密着性能优良的一次搪耐酸搪瓷界面呈现咬合齿轮状,元素分析表明瓷层元素和金属元素相互扩散,相互渗透,在性能上表现为密着强度优良。     

Exploring the hindering mechanism of element Ti on the adherence of CoO-bearing one-coat enamel/steel

The effect of element Ti on adherence between a CoO-bearing single-layer enamel coating and steel was investigated. Falling-weights tests were carried out and cross-sections at interface of the enamel/substrate were analyzed with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Results show that addition of TiO₂ reduced adherence of the enamel coating by hindering the formation of anchor-like alloy precipitates. The decrease of anchor points lies in the following three reasons: I. The diffusion path of Co²⁺ ions to the interface was lengthened because of the blocking effect of rutile and the FeTiO₃ crystals; II. Formation of CoTiO₃ crystals leads to a reduction of free Co²⁺ ions; III. Co–Fe precipitates form away from the enamel/substrate interface, as FeTiO₃ crystals provide extra surface for the nucleation of Fe–Co alloy precipitates.     

A Radioisotope Study of the Nickel Dip

Radioisotope tracer studies of the deposition of nickel during nickel dipping of steel and of the effect of this nickel deposit on the reduction of cobalt ions to metallic cobalt during enamel firing showed the following: (1) The deposition of nickel on the metal surface during the dipping and the deposition of cobalt at the enamel-metal interface during firing were both markedly affected by the type of cleaning given the steel and by the mechanical deformation of the metal surface. (2) The nickel from the nickel dip remained as metal at the interface during firing of the enamel. (3) The presence of the nickel deposit had little or no effect on the deposition of cobalt at the interface during firing.     

On the Adherence of Porcelain Enamel to Sheet Steel

A study of the reactions at the interface of enamels and steel during firing has been made using a reflecting microscope, an electron microscope, an X-ray spectrometer, and a light spectrograph. Much attention has been given to the tendency of a number of oxides, e.g., cobalt oxide and nickel oxide, to develop a typical roughening of the base metal during firing. This roughening appears to be caused by two successive electrochemical reactions at the interface of the enamel and steel. With the aid of the results, a short explanation is given of the various ways in which enamels may adhere to steel.