MPEG-4视频标准及它在未来多媒体应用上的潜力

制定ＭＰＥＧ－１和ＭＰＥＧ－２视音频压缩标准的运动图象专家组（ＭｏｖｉｎｇＰｉｃ ｔｕｒｅＥｘｐｅｒｔｓＧｒｏｕｐ），目前正在许多工业部门的参与下制定ＭＰＥＧ－４视音频压缩标准。ＭＰＥＧ－４是针对交互式多媒体应用的，并且将在１９９８年正式成为一个国际标准。可以预见，就象ＭＰＥＧ－２成为数字电视的通用技术那样，ＭＰＥＧ－４将成为多媒体视听通信的通用技术。本文的目的主要是通过ＭＰＥＧ－４的视频标准，来讨论ＭＰＥＧ－４标准在网络上实现多媒体交互的适用范围与潜力。     

MPEG-4视频标准及其在未来多媒体应用上的潜力

制定ＭＰＥＧ－１和ＭＰＥＧ－２视音频压缩标准的运动图象专家组（ＭｏｖｉｎｇＰｉｃｔｕｒｅＥｘｐｅｒｔｓＧｒｏｕｐ）目前正在许多工业部门的参与下制定ＭＰＥＧ－４视音频压缩标准。ＭＰＥＧ－４视音频压缩标准主要是针对交互式多媒体应用的，并且将在１９９８年正式成为一个国际标准。可以预见，就象ＭＰＥＧ－２成为数字电视的通用技术那样，ＭＰＥＧ－４将成为多媒体视听通信的通用技术。本文的目的主要就是通过ＭＰＥＧ－４的视频标准，来讨论ＭＰＥＧ－４标准在网络上实现多媒体交互的适用范围与潜力。     

支持MPEG—2的ME芯片的结构设计

基于全搜索块匹配算法（ＦｕｌＳｅａｒｃｈＢｌｏｃｋＭａｔｃｈｉｎｇＡｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍ简称ＦＢＭＡ），提出一种支持ＭＰＥＧ－２综合运动估计的面向ＶＬＳＩ实现的心动阵列结构，它作为Ｔ．Ｋｏｍａｒｅｋ的ＡＢ２结构的一种变形，继承了心动阵列易于扩充运算规模的优点，同时降低了局存与运算阵列之间的数据宽度。另外，为了支持ＭＰＥＧ－２对运动估计的扩充要求，这种结构可以在得到１６×１６块匹配结果的同时，得到两个１６×８场块的匹配结果。最后，从局部存储器的设计和控制器的工作流程分析说明，这种结构在工程上是易于实现的。     

MPEG-x名词解释

ＰＥ Ｇ－１：是ＭＰＥＧ规格的第一个版本,主要用于 一些电脑游戏以及我们所熟知的１．１及２．０版Ｖｉｄｅｏ ＣＤ。 ＭＰＥＧ－２：较新的ＭＰＥＧ规格,主要用于一些高画质的动画、ＤＶＤ、数字卫星及有线电视。这种ＭＰＥＧ压缩法可产生令人称奇的高品质影片,可与ＬＤ比美,但是代价是文件容量非常的大,１２０分钟的影片可以高达 ６ ＧＢ的容量。 ＭＰＥＧ－４：是一个正在建立中的规格,原本是要应用在适合网络传输的高品质动画,并将取代ＭＰＥＧ－１。因为它能产生比ＭＰＥＧ一１更理想的画质,文件的大小又比ＭＰＥＧ－２小得…     

多媒体技术与MPEG标准

９０年代起，多媒体技术领导着计算机技术的潮流，而数据压缩技术及标准始终是多媒体技术的重要组成部分。本文从多媒体技术的发展过程出发，介绍了ＭＰＥＧ的重要的一系列标准，重点介绍了ＭＰＥＧ－１与ＭＰＥＧ－２的算法思想，同时也简要介绍了ＭＰＥＧ的其他最新标准。     

基于宏块分类的运动估计／补偿技术

本文提出了一种简单有效的宏块分类方法,分析了基于块运动估计／补偿技术及两种典型的快速运动估计技术,基于ＭＰＥＧ－１的模拟结果表明了基于宏块分类的运动估计法之有效性。     

视频编码的几种MPEG标准比较

对国际标准化组织ＩＳＯ制定的ＭＰＥＧ－１、ＭＰＥＧ－２、ＭＰＥＧ－４三种标准在视频编码方面作了综合比较,并着重介绍了ＭＰＥＧ－４视频编码中基于内容的功能。     

多处理器MPEG2并行解码系统的设计

ＭＰＥＧ２运动图像及伴音压缩标准是许多视频服务应用的核心算法。基于软件结合多处理器的并行系统实现ＭＰＥＧ２算法解压，不仅灵活适用于多种ＭＰＥＧ２产品的回放功能，避免了硬件芯片解压的局限性，而且随着个人计算机的普及和性能的提高，这种系统适配卡方案可以令个人计算机拥有更多的ＭＰＥＧ２服务功能，对ＭＰＥＧ２系列标准更新算法的研究和测试工作也带来方便。本文分析了ＭＰＥＧ２解码对实现系统的要求，特别是解压处理时各部分运算量和数据传输、处理的要求。根据这些数据本文基于多种ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ４０并行处理系统板，对ＭＰＥＧ２输入码流的数据分割，并行解码存储控制和通信、解码算法复杂度等问题进行了实验和分析，据此得到相应的设计选择和数据。最后提出了ＭＰＥＧ２并行处理解码系统的设计方案。     

升技“雪精灵”ST6E主板

时至盛夏,升技电脑更为玩家考虑,推出采用乳白色ＰＣＢ板的ＳＴ６Ｅ主板,给炎炎夏日带来丝丝清凉。升技“雪精灵”ＳＴ６Ｅ采用Ｉｎｔｅｌ ８１５Ｅ Ｂ－Ｓｔｅｐ（ＩＣＨ２）芯片组,整合ＩＮＴＥＬ ３Ｄ图片加速功能。不仅全面支持现有的ＩＮＴＥＬ ＦＣ—ＰＧＡ架构的ＰⅢ或Ｃｅｌｅｏｎ（赛扬）ＣＰＵ,更可支持未来Ｉｎｔｅｌ推出的ＦＣ－ＰＧＡ２架构的ＣＰＵ,做到全面兼容！ 升技 ＳＴ６Ｅ主板支持ＡＩＭＭ（ＡＧＰ Ｉｎ—ｌｉｎｅ Ｍｅｍ－ ｏｒｙ Ｍｏｄｕｌｅ）, ３根ＤＩＭＭ插槽最高可支持 ５１２ＭＢ的ＳＤＲＡＭ,并集成…     

压缩JPEG图像的好工具──JPEG IMAGER

ＪＰＦＧ图像压缩软件相信大家也见得多了，这次给大家介绍的是 ＪＰＥＧ ＩＭ－ＡＧＥＲ，图像压缩性能直逼ＪＰＥＧ ＯＰＴＩ－ＭＩＺＥＲ，而它在使用方便性方面则大大超过了 ＪＰＥＧ ＯＰＴＩＭＩＺＥＲ。 首先，大家先去下载一个 ＪＰＥＧ ＩＭ－ＡＧＥＲ０．７版，网址是：ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｃｈａｔ．ｈｎ．ｃｎｉｎｆｏ．ｎｅｔ／ｓｏｆｔ／ｄｌｓｏｆｔ．ｐｈｐ３？ ｉｄ＝８７１＆ ｕｒｌ＝ｆｔｐ：／／１０．６２．１．１９７： １７３／ｄｏｗｎｌｏａｄ／ＧＲＡＰＨ／ＯＴＨＥＲ／ｊｉ０７ｂ． ｚｉｐ，ＺＩＰ文件大小有３８２１…     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.