N2/CH4在吸附剂上的动态吸附特性

对N2/CH4在11种不同商业吸附剂上的动态吸附行为进行了研究。通过吸附平衡、吸附热力学和吸附动力学分析了它们对N2/CH4的吸附分离特性,得到了N2和CH4在各吸附剂上的吸附平衡、吸附热力学和吸附动力学基础数据。通过Langmuir吸附模型和Freundlich吸附模型对N2和CH4在吸附剂上的吸附平衡数据进行线性拟合时发现,对于微孔性活性炭两种模型都能达到较好的拟合结果,而对非炭质吸附剂或非微孔性炭质吸附剂拟合结果并不理想;采用Gibbs方程计算得到的吸附剂对吸附N2和CH4的ΔG都小于0,说明所选吸附剂对N2和CH4的吸附都是自发的过程,对于炭质吸附剂吸附CH4的ΔG小于吸附N2的ΔG,说明炭质吸附剂对CH4的吸附能力较N2要大,且CH4/N2的分离系数与吸附剂对吸附CH4和N2的ΔG差值之间也存在相关性;CH4/N2在AC1上的吸附行为符合准二级动力学模型,说明CH4在吸附剂AC1上的吸附行为由表面吸附过程控制。     

不同结构活性炭对CO_2、CH_4、N_2及O_2的吸附分离性能

制备了比表面积为1943 m2/g的纯微孔活性炭AC-1和比表面积为1567 m2/g,中孔比例为47.18%的活性炭AC-2.分别以AC-1及AC-2为吸附剂测定CO2、CH4、N2和O2的298 K吸附等温线,考察了两种活性炭对CO2/N2、CO2/CH4及CH4/N2气体混合物的吸附分离性能.实验结果表明,孔结构是影响吸附剂吸附分离性能的主要因素.富中孔活性炭AC-2较AC-1更适用于CO2/N2、CO2/CH4气体混和物的吸附分离,而微孔活性炭AC-1对CH4/N2混合体系的吸附分离性能优于AC-2.     

分离CO_2/CH_4的吸附剂研究现状

介绍了不同吸附剂对CO2/CH4的吸附分离性能,包括吸附分离因子以及CO2吸附量等。着重阐述了碳分子筛的两种改性方法——氧化改性和氮基基团改性。从材料结构及再生性能上分析,碳分子筛可能更适合成为变压吸附分离CO2/CH4的吸附剂。     

基于生物质活性炭对煤层气中CH4/N2的吸附分离性能研究

为了制得性能良好的吸附剂材料,本实验以氢氧化钾为活化剂,改用山楂树枝为碳源并通过一步炭化法制备得到用于分离CH4、N2的活性炭材料,以期提高对CH4/N2吸附分离性能.实验过程中通过考察不同KOH浓度对活性炭孔结构、表面性质及CH4/N2吸附分离性能的影响,并结合一系列表征手段探究样品对CH4/N2吸附分离性能的影响因...     

Adsorption separation of CO2, CH4 and N2 on β-zeolite with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios

采用体积法在273 K和303 K温度下对CO2、CH4和N2在不同硅/铝比的β沸石上的吸附分离性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,Langmuir-Freundlich模型能够较好地拟合吸附实验数据;同一样品上,CO2的吸附量要大于CH4和N2的吸附量;随着硅铝比的减小CO2的吸附量增加,而硅/铝比对CH4和N2的吸附量的影响较小。通过结合Virial方程计算CO2、CH4和N2在不同硅/铝比β沸石上的亨利定律常数和吸附选择性,发现所研究样品对CO2/CH4和CO2/N2均具有很高的吸附选择性,随着样品硅/铝比的减小,CO2/CH4和CO2/N2的吸附选择性显著增加,说明较低硅/铝比β沸石有利于分离CO2。用Clausius-Clapeyron方程求得CO2、CH4和N2在不同硅/铝比的β沸石上的吸附热与吸附量无关,表明β沸石是一种表面势场均匀的吸附剂。     

无烟煤所制活性炭对CH4/N2的分离特性

以无烟煤为原料,采用预氧化-炭化-水蒸气活化法制备颗粒活性炭,用其变压吸附分离CH4/N2,以重量法测定了298 K下N2和CH4单组分及双组分气体在活性炭上的等温吸附曲线,并对活性炭的结构和表面性质进行了表征. 结果表明,以所制活性炭为吸附剂,采用单柱单循环变压吸附过程可将CH4/N2中CH4浓度最高提升30.7%(j). 所制活性炭孔结构以微孔为主且表面具有较多含氧官能团,对CH4/N2的分离效果较好,吸附选择性系数达3.4.     

低浓度煤层气提纯的研究现状

煤矿开采过程中排放出大量低浓度煤层气,提纯利用这部分煤层气对我国能源开发利用和环境保护意义重大,其难点是经济高效地分离CH4和N2.本文从CH4/N2分离技术、变压吸附分离CH4/N2吸附剂和制备新型炭分子筛3个方面逐层对低浓度煤层气提纯进行了综述和展望.介绍了CH4/N2分离技术研究进展,对其在低浓度煤层气提纯中的应用前景进行了对比.概述了常用变压吸附剂分离CH4/N2的研究现状,分析了它们在低浓度煤层气提纯应用中的优缺点,并提出了制取适合低浓度煤层气提纯用的新型炭分子筛的方法.     

时间参数对VPSA分离CH_4/N_2效果影响

为提升VPSA分离煤层气CH4/N2吸附效果和改善吸附剂再生程度,在传统三塔PSA装置基础上,利用时间继电器增加均压工艺,利用真空泵增加抽真空工艺,分别测试不同吸附时间、均压时间和抽真空时间对脱附气或尾气中CH4浓度的影响。     

变压吸附浓缩甲烷/氮气中甲烷的研究进展

介绍了变压吸附(PSA)技术浓缩煤层气、油田气以及垃圾填埋气中甲烷(CH4)的国内外研究和应用状况,分析了吸附剂以及PSA工艺对CH4/N2分离效果的影响,着重讨论了活性炭与碳分子筛(CMS)吸附剂在分离CH4/N2混合物中的应用,指出了目前PSA用于浓缩CH4/N2中CH4研究中存在的不足,并展望了其发展趋势.     

活性炭孔径分布对CH4/N2体系分离的影响

采用变压吸附分离的方法分离CH4/N2体系时,活性炭作为一种主要的吸附剂受到广泛研究.本文采用10-4-3模型计算得出,孔径为0.7～2.0nm的活性炭微孔对CH4/N2体系分离的效果最好；同时利用扩展Langmuir方程通过拟合4种活性炭对CH4/N2的吸附等温线,计算得出分离系数；最后讨论样品的孔径分布与分离系数的关系,进一步证明了10-4-3模型的计算结果.     

炭分子筛CH4/N2吸附分离

煤层气(CBM)是一种非常规天然气。在中国,煤层气在抽采出来时常混有空气。考虑到安全因素,氧气首先应该被去除。之后,煤层气利用的最重要步骤则是甲烷-氮气混合气体的甲烷高效提浓。本文搭建了双床变压吸附(PSA)装置,选择特定的炭分子筛(CMS)进行CH₄/N₂混合物分离实验研究。由于CMS的动力学吸附特性,氮被吸附在CMS上,带有一定压力的甲烷则连续输出。研究了吸附压力、进气速度和循环周期等因素对吸附过程整体性能的影响。从50% CH₄/50% N₂的原料气可以获得95.45%纯度的甲烷产品,而从30% CH₄/70% N₂的原料气可以获得94.89%纯度的甲烷产品。研究表明,以上3个参数都对分离性能有影响,其中后两者的影响更大。在较低吸附压力和较低进气速度时更容易获得纯度90%以上的甲烷产品。另外,循环周期越短,获得的甲烷纯度越高。     

Purification of coal mine methane on carbon molecular sieve by vacuum pressure swing adsorption

The vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) method, as an alternative way to separate the CH₄/N₂ mixture, was adopted to purify methane from coal mine methane. The performance of the VPSA process was investigated experimentally and theoretically with a reactivated carbon molecule sieve as the adsorbent. The computer calculations were compared to the experimental data. The concentrated methane with 79% purity could be collected directly during the high-pressure adsorption step with 93% recovery and 0.0720 mL·g^–1·min^–1 productivity, when the composition of raw gas was 10/90 vol% CH₄/N₂, which is of great significance for the utility of low quality energy gas.     

吸附时间对VPSA分离CH_4/N_2效果的影响

利用三塔真空变压吸附装置,对低浓度原料气CH4/N2分离效果进行实验。研究了均压时间不同时的吸附时间对吸附分离效果的影响,并针对整个吸附装置、每个塔中CH4浓度与吸附时间的关系分别进行分析。实验表明,在一定条件下,吸附时间长短会影响每个塔反应釜内被浓度覆盖的区域变化,即在不被原料气穿透前提下,存在最佳吸附时间。通过分析吸附时间的作用,提高原料气VPSA分离CH4/N2的效果。     

Adsorption of carbon dioxide, ethane, and methane on titanosilicate type molecular sieves

The separation of carbon dioxide from light hydrocarbons is a vital step in multiple industrial processes that could be achieved by pressure swing adsorption (PSA), if appropriate adsorbents could be identified. To compare candidate PSA adsorbents, carbon dioxide, methane, and ethane adsorption isotherms were measured for cation exchanged forms of the titanosilicate molecular sieves ETS-10, ETS-4, and RPZ. Mixed cation forms, such as Ba/H-ETS-10, may offer appropriate stability, selectivity, and swing capacity to be utilized as adsorbents in CO₂/CH₄ PSA processes. Certain cation exchanged forms of ETS-4 were found to partially or completely exclude ethane by size, and equivalent RPZ materials were observed to exclude both methane and ethane, while allowing carbon dioxide to be substantially adsorbed. Adsorbents such as Ca/H-ETS-4 and Ca/H-RPZ are strong candidates for use in PSA separation processes for both CO₂/C₂H₆ and CO₂/CH₄, potentially replacing current amine scrubber systems.     

Preparation of powdered activated carbon from rice husk and its methane adsorption properties

Success of adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage process is mainly based on the characteristics of the adsorbent, so various synthesized adsorbents were analyzed for methane adsorption on a thermodynamic basis. Activated carbon from rice husk (AC-RH) was synthesized and its methane adsorption capacities were compared with phenol based activated carbons (AC-PH₂O and AC-PKOH). The adsorption experiments were conducted by volumetric method under various constant temperatures (293.15, 303.15, 313.15 and 323.15 K) and pressure up to 3.5MPa. Maximum methane adsorption was observed in AC-RH as its surface area is higher than the other two adsorbents. The experimental data were correlated well with Langmuir-Fruendlich isotherms. In addition, isosteric heat of adsorption was calculated by using Clausius-Clapeyron equation.     

Evaluation of pressure-temperature swing adsorption for sulfur hexafluoride (SF<Subscript>6</Subscript>) recovery from SF<Subscript>6</Subscript> and N<Subscript>2</Subscript> gas mixture

The separation/concentration of SF₆, a strong greenhouse gas, of 1.3% in N₂ was investigated using pressure-temperature swing adsorption (PTSA) with activated carbon. To screen an effective adsorbent to be used for PTSA, adsorption isotherms on the selected adsorbents were obtained. Among the studied adsorbents, AC-1, a coconut-shell based commercial activated carbon, showed the largest adsorption amount of 3.5 mmol-SF₆/g-carbon at 303.65 K and 3 atm and the highest selectivity among the adsorbents tested. Its adsorption isotherm was well fit into Langmuir-Freundlich model. Before feasibility test of PTSA, a series of experiments were performed to investigate the effect of operating parameters including adsorption pressure, feed flow rate, desorption temperature and evacuation time on the PTSA performance using the 3-step PTSA cycle (pressurization, adsorption and regeneration-recovery). As the adsorption pressure, desorption temperature and evacuation time were increased, respectively, purity and recovery increased. Increasing the feed flow rate resulted in low purity and recovery. The maximum purity of 19.5% and recovery of 50.1% were obtained with adsorption pressure of 2.5 atm, desorption temperature of 200 °C and evacuation of 1 hour.     

Adsorbents for adsorption separation of CO2 and CH4: A literature review

Natural gas consisting mainly of methane is becoming increasingly prominent as a clean energy source. However, the major impurity, carbon dioxide, can adversely affect the performance of natural gas. Therefore, separating CO₂ from CH₄ is necessary to decrease the erosion of pipelines and increase the calorific value. This paper aimed at reviewing the performances, mechanisms, and novel developments of common adsorbents to adsorb pure CH₄, pure CO₂, and their mixtures. Several studies suggest that zeolites exhibit better separating performance than metal organic frameworks (MOFs) except the modified amine-MIL group. Activated carbons may not be suitable adsorbents due to low selectivity between CO₂ and CH₄. The modified amine-MIL group are the best type of adsorbent to separate CO₂ from CH₄ and its best operating conditions are at low pressure (<2 bar), low feed composition of CO₂, and near room temperature using pressure swing adsorption (PSA) method.     

A Pressure Swing Adsorption Process for Production of 23–50% Oxygen-Enriched Air

Abstract

A simple pressure swing adsorption process for direct production of low to medium purity (23–50%) O₂-enriched gas from ambient air is described. The process provides a high O₂ production capacity per unit amount of the adsorbent and a high O₂ recovery combined with a very low energy requirement for the separation. The performance of the process using three different air separation adsorbents is described.     

Binary adsorption behaviour of methane and nitrogen gases

Separation of methane and nitrogen gases is critical in the upgrading of LFG (Landfill gas), natural gas and coal bed gas in order to have a commercial heating value for methane. From an environmental point of view, methane capture from landfill gas is essential to prevent greenhouse gas emissions. Adsorption could be a beneficial process to capture low purity methane from a landfill site that is nearing the end of its lifecycle and produce high purity methane. In this work, Ceca 13X zeolite and Alcan Activated Alumina AA 320-AP have been studied for their potential for this separation and compared with Silicalite in literature. Pure and mixture adsorption isotherms were determined at 40 and 100?°C for these adsorbents by constant volume method and concentration pulse chromatographic technique, respectively. Mixture adsorption isotherms for the binary system of methane and nitrogen gases at 40 and 100?°C and 1 atmosphere total pressure have been determined by VV?CCPM (Van der Vlist and Van der Meijden Concentration Pulse Method). The application of Extended Langmuir model for this binary system have also been discussed and compared to the experimental results. Results show that equilibrium separation factor for silicalite is larger than zeolite Ceca 13X and Alcan activated alumina AA320-AP. Both Silicalite and Ceca 13X find application in the bulk separation of methane from nitrogen when y _CH4?>?0.4, especially in LFG, coal bed gas and natural gas.     

Superhydrophobic zeolitic imidazolate framework with suitable SOD cage for effective CH4/N2 adsorptive separation in humid environments

Various adsorbents for CH₄/N₂ separation were developed to enrich low-concentration coal-mine methane. Most are hydrophilic and cannot treat moist coal-mine methane. We report for the first time a microporous zeolitic imidazolate framework Co(dcIm)₂ (TUT-100) with superhydrophobic properties for CH₄/N₂ separation. The CH₄ adsorption capacity and CH₄/N₂ selectivity were as high as 45.29 cm³/cm³ and 6.3 (298 K, 1 bar), respectively, which results from the suitable SOD cage size (0.80 nm). The H₂O adsorption was lower than 6.3 cm³/g at 298 K and near saturated pressure due to the hydrophobic group  Cl. Breakthrough experiments were carried out to indicate the significant potential for CH₄/N₂ adsorption separation in a humid environment. The adsorption behavior of the gas mixture on the TUT-100 was investigated by the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo method and coupled with the experimental data.