共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
McCubbin J Robinson SE Cropp R Moiseev A Vrba J Murphy P Preissl H Eswaran H 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2006,53(8):1720-1724
Recording fetal magnetoencephalographic (fMEG) signals in-utero is a demanding task due to biological interference, especially maternal and fetal magnetocardiographic (MCG) signals. A method based on orthogonal projection of MCG signal space vectors (OP) was evaluated and compared with independent component analysis (ICA). The evaluation was based on MCG amplitude reduction and signal-to-noise ratio of fetal brain signals using exemplary datasets recorded during ongoing studies related to auditory evoked fields. The results indicate that the OP method is the preferable approach for attenuation of MCG and for preserving the fetal brain signals in fMEG recordings. 相似文献
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Waldert S Bensch M Bogdan M Rosenstiel W Schölkopf B Lowery CL Eswaran H Preissl H 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2007,54(10):1867-1874
Electrophysiological signals of the developing fetal brain and heart can be investigated by fetal magnetoencephalography (fMEG). During such investigations, the fetal heart activity and that of the mother should be monitored continuously to provide an important indication of current well-being. Due to physical constraints of an fMEG system, it is not possible to use clinically established heart monitors for this purpose. Considering this constraint, we developed a real-time heart monitoring system for biomagnetic measurements and showed its reliability and applicability in research and for clinical examinations. The developed system consists of real-time access to fMEG data, an algorithm based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and a graphical user interface (GUI). The algorithm extracts the current fetal and maternal heart signal from a noisy and artifact-contaminated data stream in real-time and is able to adapt automatically to continuously varying environmental parameters. This algorithm has been named Adaptive Real-time ICA (ARICA) and is applicable to real-time artifact removal as well as to related blind signal separation problems. 相似文献
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This paper describes a linear minimum mean-squared error (LMMSE) approach for designing spatial filters that improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of multiepoch evoked response data. This approach does not rely on availability of a forward solution and thus is applicable to problems in which a forward solution is not readily available, such as fetal magnetoencephalography (fMEG). The LMMSE criterion leads to a spatial filter that is a function of the autocorrelation matrix of the data and the autocorrelation matrix of the signal. The signal statistics are unknown, so we approximate the signal autocorrelation matrix using the average of the data across epochs. This approximation is reasonable provided the mean of the noise is zero across epochs and the signal mean is significant. An analysis of the error incurred using this approximation is presented. Calculations of SNR for the exact and approximate LMMSE filters and simple averaging for the rank-1 signal case are shown. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated with simulated evoked response data and fetal MEG data. 相似文献
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We have developed a two-step procedure for signal processing of fetal biomagnetic recordings that removes cardiac interference and noise. First, a modified matched filter (MF) is applied to remove maternal cardiac interference; then, a simple signal space projection (SSP) is applied to remove noise. The key difference between our MF and a conventional one is that the interference template and the template scaling are derived from a signal that has been spatially filtered to isolate the interference, rather than from the raw signal. Unlike conventional MFs, ours is able to separate maternal and fetal cardiac complexes, even when they have similar morphology and overlap strongly. When followed by a SSP that preserves only the signal subspace, the noise is reduced to a low level. 相似文献
6.
Da Wang Chen Chen Lin Bai Jianhua He Ye Jin Ying Li 《Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing》2014,14(15):1484-1499
With careful calculation of signal forwarding weights, relay nodes can be used to work collaboratively to enhance downlink transmission performance by forming a virtual multiple‐input multiple‐output beamforming system. Although collaborative relay beamforming schemes for single user have been widely investigated for cellular systems in previous literatures, there are few studies on the relay beamforming for multiusers. In this paper, we study the collaborative downlink signal transmission with multiple amplify‐and‐forward relay nodes for multiusers in cellular systems. We propose two new algorithms to determine the beamforming weights with the same objective of minimizing power consumption of the relay nodes. In the first algorithm, we aim to guarantee the received signal‐to‐noise ratio at multiusers for the relay beamforming with orthogonal channels. We prove that the solution obtained by a semidefinite relaxation technology is optimal. In the second algorithm, we propose an iterative algorithm that jointly selects the base station antennas and optimizes the relay beamforming weights to reach the target signal‐to‐interference‐and‐noise ratio at multiusers with nonorthogonal channels. Numerical results validate our theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the proposed optimal schemes can effectively reduce the relay power consumption compared with several other beamforming approaches. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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该文研究了极化敏感阵列采用斜投影滤波和正交投影滤波的输出信干噪比(SINR)特性。推导获得了斜投影滤波与正交投影滤波在理想情况和存在阵列误差时的输出SINR 计算式:理想情况下输出SINR 是信噪比(SNR)、目标与干扰的空域和极化域匹配系数的函数;存在阵列误差情况时输出SINR 受信噪比,干噪比(INR)、目标与干扰的空域-极化域匹配系数及误差扰动量共同影响。分析表明,相比正交投影滤波而言,斜投影滤波的输出SINR没有改善,也不能提高误差稳健性,它们均低于最优输出SINR;正交投影与斜投影输出SINR 相同的成因并不一样,正交投影滤波改变了目标的幅相特性,滤波后目标有损失;斜投影滤波改变了输出噪声的空域-极化域特性,放大了输出噪声的功率。最后通过仿真实验验证了理论分析的正确性。 相似文献
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一种基于伪卫星信号正交性的远近效应消除技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文针对导航领域伪卫星应用中的远近效应问题,提出了一种根据伪卫星信号正交性消除远近效应的新思想。在对伪卫星信号之间的正交性进行理论分析的基础上,提出了正交投影算法,该算法从接收信号中提取并减去在强信号分量上的投影,以减轻强信号对弱信号的捕获干扰,且具有无需改动接收机的硬件结构和估计信号分量幅度等优点。通过仿真与传统的滑动相关方法进行了捕获性能比较,结果表明,在捕获概率为90%的条件下,正交投影算法能将抗远近效应的能力提高约9 dB。 相似文献
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Space-frequency (SF) codes that exploit both spatial and frequency diversity can be designed using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). However, OFDM is sensitive to frequency offset (FO), which generates intercarrier interference (ICI) among subcarriers. We investigate the pair-wise error probability (PEP) performance of SF codes over quasistatic, frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels with FO. We prove that the conventional SF code design criteria remain valid. The negligible performance loss for small FOs (less than 1%), however, increases with FO and with signal to noise ratio (SNR). While diversity can be used to mitigate ICI, as FO increases, the PEP does not rapidly decay with SNR. Therefore, we propose a new class of SF codes called ICI self-cancellation SF (ISC-SF) codes to combat ICI effectively even with high FO (10%). ISC-SF codes are constructed from existing full diversity space-time codes. Importantly, our code design provide a satisfactory tradeoff among error correction ability, ICI reduction and spectral efficiency. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ISC-SF codes can also mitigate the ICI caused by phase noise and time varying channels. Simulation results affirm the theoretical analysis. 相似文献
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Kato S. Kubota S. Kazama H. Morikura M. 《Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on》1992,10(6):1054-1065
The authors propose a satellite video signal transmission system that uses a time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme for digital video signal transmission and a code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme for voice signal transmission from a video signal reception-only earth station (backward voice signal transmission). The adoption of a TDMA scheme makes it possible to transmit video signals from various places and to communicate in multipoint-to-(multi)point mode. For backward voice channel transmission from video signal reception-only earth stations, a superposed CDMA voice signal transmission over TDMA video signals by using the same transponder is proposed. The employment of high coding gain forward error correction and development of a cochannel interference cancellation technique have made it possible for the proposed system to transmit a practical number of voice channels. The performance of the proposed system has been experimentally evaluated and the results show the proposed scheme can transmit about 20 CDMA voice channels simultaneously 相似文献
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L频段数字航空通信系统(L-band digital aviation communication system,L-DACS)是未来面向航路阶段的空地数据链路,其工作频段部署在两个测距仪(distance measure equipment,DME)工作频段之间,为了消除测距仪产生的高功率脉冲信号对L-DACS系统前向链路正交频分复用接收机的干扰,本文提出基于扩展稀疏贝叶斯-边界优化(extended block sparse Bayesian learning-boundary optimization,EBSBL-BO)算法的高功率DME脉冲干扰抑制方法。首先,利用L-DACS系统正交频分复用接收机的空子载波建立DME干扰信号压缩感知模型;然后,基于EBSBL-BO算法对DME信号进行重构;最后将高功率DME脉冲信号在时域消除。仿真结果显示:本文算法与其他稀疏贝叶斯重构算法相比,本文算法DME脉冲信号重构精度更高,正交频分复用接收机误码率更低,可有效改善L-DACS系统正交频分复用接收性能。 相似文献
12.
Jinho Choi 《Wireless Personal Communications》2013,69(1):187-212
In this paper, we consider non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) for wireless ad hoc networks over block fading channels where the performance is limited by interference and fading. In order to provide a reasonable performance, we can use re-transmission and interference cancellation techniques. Re-transmission techniques can provide a diversity gain over fading channels, while the successive interference cancellation (SIC) can improve the signal to interference ratio (SIR). Using the information outage probability, we show that the NOMA approach with re-transmissions can perform better than the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) approach with re-transmissions when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is low. It is also shown that the outage probability of the NOMA with SIC is lower than that of OMA when the rate is sufficiently low where SIC can be facilitated. 相似文献
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A general approach to error-source simulation in digital channels is discussed. It is shown that the stochastic sequential machine (SSM) model is general enough to describe error-source statistics in digital communication channels. The SSM model is capable of describing both the correlation between errors in a channel (bursts of errors) and the correlation between errors in different channels (crosstalk). Physical causes of error burstiness in satellite channels are considered, and it is shown that the SSM model can account for differential encoding, scrambling, forward error correction, intersymbol interference, nonlinear signal distortion, adjacent channel interference, modem defects, etc. SSM models of the satellite channel with differential and convolutional codes are simulated. The results of simulation agree with the experimental data for the actual channels. Analytical methods for determining the performance characteristics of SSM-modeled systems are developed 相似文献
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We introduce a method for initializing the multiwavelet decomposition algorithm. The initialization procedure is the orthogonal projection of the input signal into the space defined by the multiscaling function. The approach will always have a solution, places no restrictions on the input (except that it be contained within L2 ), and can be implemented in a fast algorithm. We present the details of our approach and compare it with another proposed method of prefiltering 相似文献
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Characterizing Achievable Rates in Multi-Hop Wireless Mesh Networks With Orthogonal Channels 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on》2005,13(4):868-880
This paper considers the problem of determining the achievable rates in multi-hop wireless mesh networks with orthogonal channels. We classify wireless networks with orthogonal channels into two types, half duplex and full duplex, and consider the problem of jointly routing the flows and scheduling transmissions to achieve a given rate vector. We develop tight necessary and sufficient conditions for the achievability of the rate vector. We develop efficient and easy to implement Fully Polynomial Time Approximation Schemes for solving the routing problem. The scheduling problem is a solved as a graph edge-coloring problem. We show that this approach guarantees that the solution obtained is within 50% of the optimal solution in the worst case (within 67% of the optimal solution in a common special case) and, in practice, is close to 90% of the optimal solution on the average. The approach that we use is quite flexible and can be extended to handle more sophisticated interference conditions, and routing with diversity requirements. 相似文献
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针对空口波形非正交接入时在相邻信道产生干扰的问题,提出了一种阈值截断与压缩感知恢复(Threshold Truncation and Compressed Sensing Recovery,TTCSR)相结合的邻带干扰消除方法.TTCSR在发送端设置阈值截断信号,在接收端选取受噪声干扰小的可靠性观测向量,利用压缩感知的正交匹配追踪(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP)算法恢复截断失真信号.仿真结果表明,在正交频分复用系统(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)及其改进的加窗系统(Windowing-OFDM,W-OFDM)中使用本算法后,可以很好地处理空口波形非正交接入的邻带干扰,明显降低系统的误码率. 相似文献
17.
High-quality image resizing using oblique projection operators 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The standard interpolation approach to image resizing is to fit the original picture with a continuous model and resample the function at the desired rate. However, one can obtain more accurate results if one applies a filter prior to sampling, a fact well known from sampling theory. The optimal solution corresponds to an orthogonal projection onto the underlying continuous signal space. Unfortunately, the optimal projection prefilter is difficult to implement when sine or high order spline functions are used. We propose to resize the image using an oblique rather than an orthogonal projection operator in order to make use of faster, simpler, and more general algorithms. We show that we can achieve almost the same result as with the orthogonal projection provided that we use the same approximation space. The main advantage is that it becomes perfectly feasible to use higher order models (e.g. splines of degree n=/>3). We develop the theoretical background and present a simple and practical implementation procedure using B-splines. Our experiments show that the proposed algorithm consistently outperforms the standard interpolation methods and that it provides essentially the same performance as the optimal procedure (least squares solution) with considerably fewer computations. The method works for arbitrary scaling factors and is applicable to both image enlargement and reduction. 相似文献
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由于欺骗干扰模拟发送与导航卫星信号相同的C/A码,这使得卫星导航接收机极易被其误导和诱骗,从而给出错误的定位信息。考虑到导航信号和同结构欺骗干扰自身都具有强自相关性,且欺骗干扰功率稍大于真实信号,该文提出一种采用阵列天线抑制同结构欺骗干扰的盲干扰抑制方法。该方法从多天线接收数据与其自身延迟的参考数据做互相关入手,利用该互相关矩阵求解干扰的正交投影矩阵,最后将投影后信号互相关矩阵的最大特征值对应的特征矢量作为最优权。该方法处理时无需已知真实信号和干扰方向的来波方向,也无需对卫星C/A码序列进行遍历搜索从而解扩。理论分析和实验结果表明,该阵列波束能够有效抑制干扰,阵列输出SNR较高,干扰抑制后接收机捕获性能不受干扰影响。 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider a simple binary-transmitter adaptation in direct-sequence code-division multiple-access systems. We propose a binary-code-allocation scheme for reducing the multiple-access interference (MAI). In this scheme, a user is given an orthogonal binary sequence set. By choosing a better sequence from the sequence set, the user can maximize his/her signal to interference ratio. We examine the scheme analytically by both exact analysis and approximation in equal-power synchronous cases. Theoretically, it is found that the scheme can significantly reduce the MAI. It only involves a few bits of feedback information for the transmitter to adjust the sequences. The scheme can also be modified for multiuser adaptation in asynchronous channels. In a multiuser adaptation, simulations show that the users would have a significantly improved performance against the MAI, and the system throughput can also be increased. It is shown that this binary-code-allocation scheme is a simple, widely applicable, and robust binary-sequence-adaptation scheme 相似文献