Effect of the structure of glass fibres on their physicomechanical properties

It was found that the critical twisting of glass fibres is within the limits of 250–300 turns/m. In fabrication of some types of glass cloth and thread-sewn cloth, it is expedient to use complex glass fibres with low twisting —within the limits of 0 to 30 turns/m. Moscow State Textile Academy. Translated fromKhimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 52–54, May–June, 1999.     

Effect of the nature of the solvent on the structure and certain properties of acetate fibres

Conclusions The sorption of water vapor, density, and diffusion into acetate fibres spun by the dry method has been studied with the use of known solvents and epichlorohydrin for comparison; the specific surface, pore radius, and pore volume have been calculated; and an x-ray structural analysis has been made.Discussion of some physicochemical and physicomechanical characteristics of the fibres makes it possible to establish that in a solution of SCA in epichlorohydrin the macromolecules take a more straightened-out conformation, which facilitates ordering during spinning.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 29–31, September–October, 1983.     

Effect of carbonization temperature on the structure and microwave absorbing properties of hollow carbon fibres

A series of polyacrylonitrile-based hollow carbon fibres (PAN-HCFs) were prepared by carbonizing polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow cured fibres at temperature ranging from 550 to 950 °C for 1 h in nitrogen. The effects of carbonization temperature on the structure, elemental compositions, surface electrical conductivity, electromagnetic parameters and reflectivity of PAN-HCFs were investigated. Results indicate that the obtained PAN-HCFs have not been graphitized and the C content and surface electrical conductivity increases as the carbonization temperature increases. The reflectivity of composites of PAN-HCFs and resin is −7.50 dB at 6.06 GHz and the band of the reflectivity under −5 dB is 6 GHz when the carbonization temperature is 750 °C.     

Effect of structure and relaxation state on the properties and processing of chemical fibres for industrial applications

The features and differences in the structure, physical (relaxation) state, and properties of the basic types of industrial fibres that are important in processing them into textile and composite materials and articles are briefly examined. Fundamental recommendations are given on optimizing processing and increasing the degree of realization of the mechanical properties of the high-modulus industrial fibres in articles.     

Effect of the temperature on the structure and mechanical properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres and yarns

The load—elongation diagrams were obtained for PETP yarns and monofilaments at different deformation temperatures, demonstrating the dependence of the σ(ε) curves on the testing temperature and the thermomechanical history of the samples. The dependences of the basic strain characteristics determined from the σ(ε) curves on the temperature can be used to predict the change in the mechanical properties of PETP yarns and fibres at high temperatures. In addition to the fundamental relaxation transition, the σ(ε) curves can be used to find a new transition in the 180°C region which controls the behavior of PETP yarns and fibres above the transition temperature. The thermomechanical tests and structural studies of the fibres at different temperatures allow correlating the transition found with crystallites and assigning it to an α_c transition based on the characteristic set of properties. St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design. Translated fromKhimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 32–35, January–February, 2000.     

Effect of chemical fibres on the structure of cottonized-fibre-containing yarn

A correlation is established between the geometric characteristics of natural (cotton, cottonized fibre) and chemical (viscose, polyamide, polyester) fibres with the features of their distribution in blended yarn and the stability of spinning the latter by different methods. Ways of increasing the stability of manufacture of blended yarns containing cottonized fibre are substantiated and their validity is confirmed by the positive results of industrial tests of the yarns at plants in the Ivanovo and Kostroma regions.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 53–56, November–December, 2004.     

Effect of acetone and ethanol on the physicomechanical properties of aramid fibres

A specific change in the initial modulus of elasticity and stress relaxation is the most important consequence of the structural reorganizations of the aramid fibres Armos, VMN, and SVM caused by dissolution of acetone and ethanol in the bulk of the polymer. Ivanovo State University of Chemical Engineering. Translated fromKhimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 31–33, November–December, 1999.     

Effect of calcium salts on the thermal properties of polyacrylonitrile fibres

Conclusions -- On interaction of CaCl₂ with polyacrylonitrile fibres, strong chemical bonds are formed between the polymer macromolecules.-- The introduction of Ca(II) into the fibre helps reduce polymer deformation up to a temperature of 200°C and helps increase its thermal resistance.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 51–52, November–December, 1990.     

Effect of dissolving conditions on the structure and physicomechanical properties of hydrocellulose fibres spun from solutions of cellulose in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide

Conclusions Hydrocellulose fibres have been prepared from solutions of cellulose in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide which have been prepared by two different methods (traditional and accelerated).It has been shown that the properties of the fibres obtained depend on the method of preparing the spinning solution.The fibres which have been spun from solutions prepared by the accelerated method have elevated deformation characteristics; this is connected with their specific supermolecular structure.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 17–19, March–April, 1990.