油井特种制品和胶辊用的HXNBR

许多弹性元件都要求在高温和苛刻的工作环境下长期工作。众所周知，在橡胶工业中，为使橡胶制品能成功地满足使用要求，聚合物和配制聚合物所用配合剂的选择是至关重要的。为了进一步改进弹性体的工作性能，现已研制出在聚合物主链上有完全饱和及几乎完全饱和双键的弹性体，如HNBR。     

改善HXNBR物理和热老化性能的优化配方

氢化羧基丁腈橡胶（HXNBR）具有优并的定伸应力,热撕裂强度和耐磨耗性能等,使其可使用在油井工业和印刷行业中,由于HXNBR有3．5％残留双键的存在,故其可以通过硫黄、过氧化物和金属离子进行交联,为此,选择了不同用量的8种活性剂,进行对比试验,结果发现：所有活性剂都能提高硫化胶的性能。PB和TAIC适用于注射成型胶料。     

丁腈橡胶和氢化丁腈橡胶(一)

该文介绍了NBR、HNBR的制造方法、丙烯腈含量对橡胶性能的影响以及它们的配方设计与加工方法、结构与分析,未硫化胶和硫化胶的性能和用途.     

丁腈橡胶和氢化丁腈橡胶(三)

4.4硫化胶的性能 丙烯腈系橡胶最重要的特性是耐油.NBR的许多特性很大程度上取决于聚合物中丙烯腈的含量.表15为不同丙烯腈含量的NBR未硫化胶和硫化胶的性能(胶料配方相同,硫黄硫化)[54].     

丁腈橡胶和氢化丁腈橡胶(二)

3配方设计与加工方法 　　3.1 NBR的配方设计 　　 NBR的配方除了增塑剂等部分配合剂外, 基本上与天然橡胶和丁苯橡胶的相似,其硫化体系一般采用硫黄或有机过氧化物. 　　 例如,设计高强度、耐磨耗配方时可添加粒径小的高结构炭黑或细粒子白炭黑.要求填充剂用量大时可使用粒径大的炭黑或碳酸钙、陶土、滑石粉等. 　　……     

用氢化丁腈橡胶制作橡胶密封制品

阐述了氢化丁腈橡胶的基本性能;通过对硫化体系、碳黑补强剂、防老剂等进行选择性试验,确定了橡胶配方;通过工艺试验,确定了产品加工工艺条件;产品性能试验及应用结果表明氢化丁腈橡胶具有良好的耐热、耐油、耐臭氧性能和低压缩永久变形性,其性能与氟橡胶相近;用氢化丁腈橡胶可替代氟橡胶制作汽车发动机曲轴油封.     

氢化丁腈橡胶/氢化羧基丁腈橡胶并用胶在汽车同步带中的应用研究

研究氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)/氢化羧基丁腈橡胶(HXNBR)并用比、硫化剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)用量以及混炼工艺对汽车同步带胶料性能的影响。结果表明:随着HXNBR用量增大,胶料交联密度增大,耐热老化性能提高,尼龙帆布粘合力增大,有利于延长汽车同步带使用寿命;随着硫化剂DCP用量增大,胶料交联密度增大,拉伸强度和耐热老化性能先提高后降低;HNBR/HXNBR并用比为70/30、硫化剂DCP用量为7份时,胶料综合性能较好。采用开炼工艺和开炼/密炼工艺(排胶温度110℃)制备的胶料加工安全性能较好。     

胶辊的现状与展望(一)

系统介绍胶辊的功能、种类和所用橡胶材料,生产特点和使用范围,技术进步以及发展前景。     

胶辊的现状与展望(二)

系统介绍胶辊的功能、种类和所用橡胶材料,生产特点和使用范围,技术进步以及发展前景     

调整井新型油井水泥的研发与生产

0引言：随着油田调整井的大量开发和原油增产新措施的不断实施，给固井工作带来了新的问题并提出了更高的要求。大庆油田由于井底温度低，油水层较多，经过长期高压注水开采，目前已进入高含水时期，地层原始压力已完全破坏，层间压力差异突出。     

Studies on chemical interactions between chlorosulphonated polyethylene and carboxylated nitrile rubber

Highly polar rubbers interact with each other through their active functional groups via condensation or substitution reactions at high temperature. Chlorosulphonated polyethylene (CSM) rubber is a highly reactive rubber, whose reactivity is due to the—SO₂Cl groups. When CSM reacts with carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR), a chemical reaction takes place between the two rubbers at high temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows that CSM and XNBR form a homogeneous blend. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies support that CSM/XNBR (50/50 w/w) is a thermally induced self-cross-linking blend, when cross-linking takes place through carboxylic groups of XNBR and — SO₂Cl groups or in-situ generated allyl chloride moieties of CSM. There is a loss of some — CN groups during cross-linking; this may be due to an attack on the — CN groups by HCl (produced during heating of CSM) in the presence of inherent moisture in the polymers. Due to cross-linking, an ester or amide type of linkage is formed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 1761–1768, 1997     

Mechanistic approach to the curing of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) by zinc peroxide/zinc oxide

The crosslinking of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) with a special preparation based on zinc oxide/zinc peroxide (Struktol ZP1014) is studied. It is shown that ionic species, by metallic salts formation, and covalent crosslinks, by zinc peroxide decomposition, are formed. The complete process can be empirically split in two contributions, with mathematical modeling rendering a satisfactory fit to experimental data. However, infrared and calorimetric analyses support the contribution of at least three mechanisms to the torque build-up: a very fast ionic species formation process by the initial zinc oxide present; covalent crosslinks and additional ionic species formation coming from zinc peroxide decomposition and contributing at all times from the beginning but decaying with time; and a third, not yet determined, contribution that accounts for the torque increment at long times.     

Modeling and optimization for oil well production scheduling☆

In this paper, an oil wel production scheduling problem for the light load oil wel during petroleum field exploi-tation was studied. The oil well production scheduling was to determine the turn on/off status and oil flow rates of the wel s in a given oil reservoir, subject to a number of constraints such as minimum up/down time limits and well grouping. The problem was formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming model that minimized the total production operating cost and start-up cost. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, an improved par-ticle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with a new velocity updating formula was developed to solve the problem approximately. Computational experiments on randomly generated instances were carried out to eval-uate the performance of the model and the algorithm's effectiveness. Compared with the commercial solver CPLEX, the improved PSO can obtain high-quality schedules within a much shorter running time for all the instances.     

明胶/XNBR复合膜的制备及其性能的研究

采用水溶液共混法制备明胶XNBR复合膜。对该膜制备条件的研究表明:在明胶、XNBR质量分数比为10:1,反应温度70℃,反应时间90min的条件下所得膜的力学性能较好。对明胶/XNBR复合膜和明胶/壳聚糖复合膜进行了对比研究,结果表明,明胶/XNBR复合膜较明胶/壳聚糖复合膜有更好的力学性能。     

Sunflower oil and its applications

Sunflower is one of the oldest oilseeds in the Americas. It is the state flower of Kansas State and constitutes a significant segment of oilseeds produced in the former Soviet Union Block. Sunflower is admired worldwide for its vibrant beauty and is an important source of food. Its oil is viewed as a healthy vegetable oil and its seeds contain a wide range of nutrients that are enjoyed as a tasty snack as well as nutritious ingredient in many foods, such as health bars, salad garnish and spreads similar to peanut butter. Sunflower is an important crop choice for US growers from the northern plains of Dakotas to Texas panhandle. The oil has very good taste and appearance. Today, there is the traditional sunflower oil, which is high in linoleic acid content that makes it excellent for both domestic and industrial use. The high linoleic acid content makes the oil unstable in industrial or institutional frying. Mid‐oleic sunflower, which contains higher oleic acid and lower level of linoleic acid than the garden variety sunflower oil is more suitable for industrial and institutional frying along with the applications such as salad oil and cooking oil. High oleic sunflower oil, that contains 80% or higher oleic acid and very low linoleic acid, is one of the most stable oils for all applications, including industrial and institutional frying, and also for industrial non‐food applications such as lubricant, as transformer oil and various other applications.     

我厂开发油井水泥的体会

山东铝业公司水泥厂利用覫3.6m×65m湿法短窑系统开发生产G级高抗硫油井水泥获得成功。采用石灰石、砂岩、铁粉三组分配料,率值控制指标为KH=1.14,SM=2.30,IM=0.64;进行更换燃烧器和窑内预热带增设扬料板的配套改造;水泥粉磨不加任何混合材并严控w(SO3)=1.8%～2.4%,实现了稳定生产油井水泥(达到新标准指标)的目标。